-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      name:  <unnamed>
       log:  /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results
> /log.log
  log type:  text
 opened on:   5 Jul 2022, 11:25:15

. 
. 
. *---------------------------------------------  TABLES
. 
. 
. ************ Table 1
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser {
  2. 
. reg `var' T  if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. 
. reg `var' T  i.code_region_resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  4. 
. reg `var' T female birth_dec boost female catho birth_dec i.edufirst i.code_r
> egion_resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  5. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,450
                                                F(1, 46)          =      18.81
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0001
                                                R-squared         =     0.0014
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2453

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   -.353374   .0814784    -4.34   0.000    -.5173815   -.1893666
       _cons |   3.251101   .0510255    63.72   0.000     3.148392     3.35381
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,450
                                                F(20, 46)         =       7.25
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0086
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2521

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3309104   .1023837    -3.23   0.002    -.5369981   -.1248226
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .1425378   1.839103     0.08   0.939    -3.559384    3.844459
          3  |   .0241974   .2524139     0.10   0.924    -.4838855    .5322802
          4  |  -.1809916   .4213485    -0.43   0.670    -1.029122     .667139
          5  |   .0722986   .2735079     0.26   0.793    -.4782442    .6228414
          6  |  -.4753231   .4625503    -1.03   0.310    -1.406389    .4557425
          7  |  -.1307696   .3842665    -0.34   0.735     -.904258    .6427188
          8  |  -.3409894   .2755125    -1.24   0.222    -.8955672    .2135885
          9  |   -.346633   .3574001    -0.97   0.337    -1.066042    .3727762
         10  |   .2789014   .7425882     0.38   0.709    -1.215851    1.773654
         11  |  -.2986387   .3680669    -0.81   0.421    -1.039519    .4422415
         12  |  -.2184856   .2996431    -0.73   0.470     -.821636    .3846647
         13  |   .0839137   .5090188     0.16   0.870    -.9406879    1.108515
         14  |  -.3574622   1.336761    -0.27   0.790    -3.048224    2.333299
         15  |  -.3677883   .3117562    -1.18   0.244     -.995321    .2597444
         16  |   .0099805   .2989315     0.03   0.974    -.5917374    .6116985
         17  |  -1.692007   .3296266    -5.13   0.000    -2.355511   -1.028503
         18  |  -.0152508   .5012727    -0.03   0.976     -1.02426    .9937587
         19  |   .1155574   .3213174     0.36   0.721     -.531221    .7623357
         20  |  -.0798864   .3795988    -0.21   0.834    -.8439791    .6842064
             |
       _cons |   3.357462   .2278757    14.73   0.000     2.898772    3.816152
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,450
                                                F(25, 46)         =      11.20
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0193
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2438

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3743594   .1131072    -3.31   0.002    -.6020324   -.1466864
      female |  -.0116817   .1338159    -0.09   0.931    -.2810391    .2576756
   birth_dec |  -.0297651   .0460225    -0.65   0.521    -.1224035    .0628734
       boost |    .028019   .1427602     0.20   0.845    -.2593423    .3153803
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .3199882   .1263986     2.53   0.015     .0655611    .5744154
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
  2.edufirst |    .713238   .2177281     3.28   0.002     .2749741    1.151502
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .1746053   1.951384     0.09   0.929    -3.753327    4.102538
          3  |   .0269015   .2553005     0.11   0.917    -.4869918    .5407948
          4  |  -.2311698   .4071134    -0.57   0.573    -1.050647     .588307
          5  |    .089426   .2766536     0.32   0.748    -.4674488    .6463008
          6  |  -.3313146   .4813263    -0.69   0.495    -1.300174     .637545
          7  |  -.0857252   .3980604    -0.22   0.830    -.8869793    .7155289
          8  |  -.3290142   .2808176    -1.17   0.247    -.8942707    .2362424
          9  |  -.3295378   .3605443    -0.91   0.365    -1.055276    .3962003
         10  |   .2935613   .7271326     0.40   0.688    -1.170081    1.757203
         11  |  -.3214527   .3696766    -0.87   0.389    -1.065573    .4226677
         12  |  -.2440716   .3052903    -0.80   0.428    -.8585891    .3704459
         13  |  -.0131284   .5167248    -0.03   0.980    -1.053241    1.026985
         14  |  -.5036283   1.330833    -0.38   0.707    -3.182455    2.175199
         15  |  -.4062231    .312699    -1.30   0.200    -1.035653    .2232073
         16  |   -.000971   .3034624    -0.00   0.997    -.6118092    .6098672
         17  |  -1.793241   .3627233    -4.94   0.000    -2.523365   -1.063117
         18  |  -.0822161   .5151292    -0.16   0.874    -1.119118    .9546852
         19  |   .0916549   .3286383     0.28   0.782    -.5698597    .7531695
         20  |  -.0431497   .3867965    -0.11   0.912    -.8217306    .7354313
             |
       _cons |   2.563054   .3743697     6.85   0.000     1.809487    3.316621
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,449
                                                F(1, 46)          =      15.20
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0003
                                                R-squared         =     0.0043
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3519

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.6448551   .1654034    -3.90   0.000    -.9777949   -.3119152
       _cons |   3.360764     .05327    63.09   0.000     3.253537    3.467991
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,449
                                                F(20, 46)         =       4.74
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0159
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3537

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   -.622795   .1842205    -3.38   0.001    -.9936115   -.2519784
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.0037455   2.547212    -0.00   0.999    -5.131017    5.123526
          3  |   .0497466   .2328943     0.21   0.832    -.4190454    .5185385
          4  |  -.3860984    .393746    -0.98   0.332    -1.178668    .4064712
          5  |   .1057093   .2654675     0.40   0.692    -.4286491    .6400677
          6  |  -.5958518   .4532335    -1.31   0.195    -1.508164    .3164599
          7  |  -.1821715   .3564748    -0.51   0.612     -.899718     .535375
          8  |  -.5439219   .2742077    -1.98   0.053    -1.095873    .0080295
          9  |  -.5615832   .3675032    -1.53   0.133    -1.301329    .1781624
         10  |   .3144364   .8435928     0.37   0.711    -1.383628    2.012501
         11  |  -.4743337   .3353543    -1.41   0.164    -1.149367    .2006996
         12  |  -.3001907   .2819242    -1.06   0.293    -.8676747    .2672933
         13  |   .2968706   .5014095     0.59   0.557    -.7124145    1.306156
         14  |  -.5037455    1.55898    -0.32   0.748     -3.64181    2.634319
         15  |  -.2977733    .292761    -1.02   0.314    -.8870705     .291524
         16  |   .0229794   .2943553     0.08   0.938     -.569527    .6154859
         17  |  -1.192348   .5702221    -2.09   0.042    -2.340146   -.0445504
         18  |  -.1187295   .4910603    -0.24   0.810    -1.107183    .8697236
         19  |   .1088006   .3169041     0.34   0.733    -.5290943    .7466954
         20  |  -.2851792   .3910993    -0.73   0.470    -1.072421    .5020628
             |
       _cons |   3.503745    .209966    16.69   0.000     3.081106    3.926385
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,449
                                                F(25, 46)         =       7.02
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0271
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3443

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.6816067   .1889652    -3.61   0.001    -1.061974   -.3012394
      female |   -.223957   .1396439    -1.60   0.116    -.5050455    .0571316
   birth_dec |  -.0275484   .0468547    -0.59   0.559     -.121862    .0667652
       boost |    .054561    .149158     0.37   0.716    -.2456785    .3548006
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .3912263   .1338905     2.92   0.005     .1217187     .660734
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
  2.edufirst |   .6358189   .2558806     2.48   0.017     .1207579     1.15088
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .0103962   2.622362     0.00   0.997    -5.268144    5.288937
          3  |   .0545919   .2358555     0.23   0.818    -.4201605    .5293444
          4  |  -.4628395    .384012    -1.21   0.234    -1.235816    .3101366
          5  |   .1064771   .2690203     0.40   0.694    -.4350326    .6479869
          6  |  -.4258575   .4635348    -0.92   0.363    -1.358905    .5071897
          7  |  -.1320732   .3672391    -0.36   0.721    -.8712871    .6071407
          8  |  -.5110758   .2816587    -1.81   0.076    -1.078025    .0558738
          9  |  -.5299851   .3658074    -1.45   0.154    -1.266317     .206347
         10  |   .3437173   .8223364     0.42   0.678     -1.31156    1.998995
         11  |  -.5157809   .3345652    -1.54   0.130    -1.189226    .1576639
         12  |  -.3266604   .2853397    -1.14   0.258    -.9010195    .2476986
         13  |   .2040203   .5079638     0.40   0.690    -.8184577    1.226498
         14  |  -.7482272   1.545561    -0.48   0.631    -3.859281    2.362827
         15  |  -.3441455   .2921927    -1.18   0.245    -.9322989     .244008
         16  |  -.0104125   .2966411    -0.04   0.972    -.6075202    .5866952
         17  |  -1.218929   .6051397    -2.01   0.050    -2.437012   -.0008457
         18  |   -.192849   .5072687    -0.38   0.706    -1.213928    .8282299
         19  |   .0783791   .3227957     0.24   0.809     -.571375    .7281332
         20  |  -.2260608   .3937573    -0.57   0.569    -1.018653    .5665314
             |
       _cons |   2.853063   .3761839     7.58   0.000     2.095844    3.610282
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,447
                                                F(1, 46)          =       8.85
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0047
                                                R-squared         =     0.0006
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2112

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.2308934   .0776077    -2.98   0.005    -.3871095   -.0746772
       _cons |   4.287712   .0637092    67.30   0.000     4.159472    4.415951
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,447
                                                F(19, 46)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0217
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2023

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.2298685   .0706399    -3.25   0.002    -.3720594   -.0876777
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   3.344236   .2220189    15.06   0.000     2.897335    3.791137
          3  |  -.3413928   .2506566    -1.36   0.180    -.8459383    .1631527
          4  |   .1089422   .5362636     0.20   0.840    -.9705005    1.188385
          5  |  -.1058549   .2667796    -0.40   0.693    -.6428543    .4311445
          6  |  -.3119518   .4443821    -0.70   0.486    -1.206447     .582543
          7  |  -.2696075   .3577594    -0.75   0.455    -.9897397    .4505248
          8  |  -.8493097   .2644087    -3.21   0.002    -1.381537   -.3170826
          9  |  -.7515503   .3248315    -2.31   0.025    -1.405402   -.0976984
         10  |  -.5648546   .6723828    -0.84   0.405    -1.918291    .7885817
         11  |  -.9204696   .4274522    -2.15   0.037    -1.780886    -.060053
         12  |   -.526569   .2505413    -2.10   0.041    -1.030883   -.0222554
         13  |  -.2711727   .4934436    -0.55   0.585    -1.264423    .7220778
         14  |  -.4057637   .9879563    -0.41   0.683    -2.394417    1.582889
         15  |  -.7256954   .2540791    -2.86   0.006     -1.23713   -.2142607
         16  |  -.1640901   .2894881    -0.57   0.574    -.7467993    .4186192
         17  |  -1.040829    .314433    -3.31   0.002     -1.67375   -.4079086
         18  |  -.4541492   .4118589    -1.10   0.276    -1.283178    .3748798
         19  |   .0502079    .307141     0.16   0.871    -.5680348    .6684506
         20  |   -.136608   .3828384    -0.36   0.723    -.9072216    .6340056
             |
       _cons |   4.655764   .2220189    20.97   0.000     4.208863    5.102665
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,447
                                                F(25, 46)         =    3243.89
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0360
                                                Root MSE          =       2.19

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3057741   .0680667    -4.49   0.000    -.4427853   -.1687629
      female |  -.0905856   .1688192    -0.54   0.594    -.4304009    .2492298
   birth_dec |   -.137979    .048977    -2.82   0.007    -.2365645   -.0393935
       boost |  -.0062579    .133505    -0.05   0.963    -.2749897    .2624738
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .3530208   .1193366     2.96   0.005     .1128087    .5932329
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
  2.edufirst |   .5154498   .2478654     2.08   0.043     .0165225    1.014377
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   3.478477   .2178164    15.97   0.000     3.040035    3.916919
          3  |   -.328983   .2438969    -1.35   0.184     -.819922     .161956
          4  |    .113132   .5207985     0.22   0.829    -.9351811    1.161445
          5  |  -.0842174   .2741857    -0.31   0.760    -.6361247    .4676899
          6  |  -.1711152   .4558519    -0.38   0.709    -1.088697    .7464671
          7  |  -.2632059   .3603287    -0.73   0.469    -.9885099    .4620982
          8  |  -.8051605    .259857    -3.10   0.003    -1.328226   -.2820955
          9  |  -.7087644   .3157774    -2.24   0.030    -1.344391   -.0731375
         10  |  -.4859041   .6607482    -0.74   0.466    -1.815921    .8441131
         11  |  -.9475061   .4303339    -2.20   0.033    -1.813723    -.081289
         12  |  -.5521851    .244886    -2.25   0.029    -1.045115   -.0592553
         13  |  -.3355843   .4948826    -0.68   0.501    -1.331731    .6605627
         14  |  -.5757284   .9352321    -0.62   0.541    -2.458253    1.306796
         15  |  -.7352288   .2568115    -2.86   0.006    -1.252164   -.2182941
         16  |  -.1806739    .288783    -0.63   0.535    -.7619639    .4006161
         17  |  -1.071972   .3689882    -2.91   0.006    -1.814707   -.3292371
         18  |  -.4904753   .4269366    -1.15   0.257    -1.349854    .3689035
         19  |    .040351   .3054902     0.13   0.895    -.5745688    .6552708
         20  |  -.0891746   .3952631    -0.23   0.823     -.884798    .7064489
             |
       _cons |     4.4299   .3624006    12.22   0.000     3.700426    5.159375
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table 2
. 
. ** Columns 1-6, Upper panel
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in vote2018 populists {
  2.         
. reg `var' T  if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. 
. reg `var' T  i.code_region_resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  4. 
. reg `var' T female birth_dec boost birth_dec catho i.edufirst i.code_region_r
> esid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  5. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,056
                                                F(1, 45)          =       0.22
                                                Prob > F          =     0.6400
                                                R-squared         =     0.0004
                                                Root MSE          =     .36247

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
    vote2018 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0282828   .0600563    -0.47   0.640    -.1492423    .0926767
       _cons |   .8464646   .0106059    79.81   0.000     .8251034    .8678259
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,056
                                                F(18, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0113
                                                Root MSE          =     .36361

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
    vote2018 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0253868   .0629754    -0.40   0.689    -.1522257    .1014522
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .1950566   .0594854     3.28   0.002     .0752468    .3148664
          3  |   .0319606   .0720982     0.44   0.660    -.1132526    .1771738
          4  |  -.0776707   .1581523    -0.49   0.626    -.3962057    .2408643
          5  |   .1067704   .0722657     1.48   0.147    -.0387802    .2523209
          6  |   .1053015   .0854882     1.23   0.224    -.0668806    .2774836
          7  |  -.0521226    .081302    -0.64   0.525    -.2158732    .1116279
          8  |   .0408151    .084198     0.48   0.630    -.1287684    .2103986
          9  |   .0607542   .0684944     0.89   0.380    -.0772005     .198709
         10  |   .0839455    .130864     0.64   0.524    -.1796281    .3475191
         11  |  -.0132767   .1048399    -0.13   0.900    -.2244352    .1978817
         12  |   .0350223   .0694696     0.50   0.617    -.1048967    .1749413
         13  |  -.0118399    .094709    -0.13   0.901    -.2025936    .1789137
         14  |  -.0549434   .2268267    -0.24   0.810    -.5117958    .4019091
         15  |   .0651413   .0771359     0.84   0.403    -.0902184     .220501
         16  |   .0823244   .0778876     1.06   0.296    -.0745494    .2391981
         18  |    .048789    .098591     0.49   0.623    -.1497835    .2473614
         19  |   .0306465   .0729148     0.42   0.676    -.1162113    .1775044
         20  |    .025804   .1029159     0.25   0.803    -.1814793    .2330874
             |
       _cons |   .8049434   .0594854    13.53   0.000     .6851336    .9247532
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,056
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0331
                                                Root MSE          =     .36045

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
    vote2018 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0395664   .0628135    -0.63   0.532    -.1660793    .0869464
      female |  -.0401293   .0253903    -1.58   0.121     -.091268    .0110093
   birth_dec |   .0040721   .0095801     0.43   0.673    -.0152231    .0233673
       boost |   .0612416   .0256356     2.39   0.021     .0096089    .1128744
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .1120907   .0243344     4.61   0.000     .0630786    .1611027
  2.edufirst |   .0377625   .0535118     0.71   0.484    -.0700157    .1455407
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .1209578   .0622042     1.94   0.058    -.0043279    .2462435
          3  |   .0260542   .0706163     0.37   0.714    -.1161743    .1682827
          4  |  -.1051159   .1603815    -0.66   0.516    -.4281409    .2179091
          5  |    .095541   .0706375     1.35   0.183    -.0467303    .2378123
          6  |   .1332267   .0840179     1.59   0.120    -.0359941    .3024474
          7  |   -.031808    .079183    -0.40   0.690    -.1912907    .1276747
          8  |   .0445841   .0830857     0.54   0.594    -.1227591    .2119272
          9  |   .0683666    .071132     0.96   0.342    -.0749006    .2116338
         10  |    .092998   .1289803     0.72   0.475    -.1667817    .3527777
         11  |  -.0181411   .1027331    -0.18   0.861    -.2250563    .1887741
         12  |    .038038    .069422     0.55   0.586    -.1017852    .1778612
         13  |  -.0405208   .0948124    -0.43   0.671    -.2314827    .1504411
         14  |  -.1060818   .2336932    -0.45   0.652     -.576764    .3646004
         15  |   .0473668   .0743531     0.64   0.527     -.102388    .1971216
         16  |   .0699612   .0768529     0.91   0.368    -.0848286    .2247509
         18  |    .026497   .0984249     0.27   0.789    -.1717409     .224735
         19  |    .017698    .071786     0.25   0.806    -.1268864    .1622824
         20  |   .0134771   .1017647     0.13   0.895    -.1914874    .2184416
             |
       _cons |   .6877162    .069703     9.87   0.000      .547327    .8281053
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(1, 45)          =       9.49
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0035
                                                R-squared         =     0.0031
                                                Root MSE          =     .47608

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .1091946     .03544     3.08   0.004     .0378147    .1805745
       _cons |   .6455224   .0187884    34.36   0.000     .6076806    .6833642
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(18, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0248
                                                Root MSE          =      .4759

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .1200785    .036969     3.25   0.002     .0456192    .1945378
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.5642486   .0776885    -7.26   0.000    -.7207213    -.407776
          3  |   .0642455   .0951321     0.68   0.503    -.1273604    .2558513
          4  |   .3107514    .157126     1.98   0.054    -.0057166    .6272193
          5  |   .1006778   .0969281     1.04   0.305    -.0945454    .2959009
          6  |   .1797474   .1325589     1.36   0.182    -.0872399    .4467348
          7  |    .089076   .1097369     0.81   0.421    -.1319454    .3100974
          8  |   .1109143   .1078601     1.03   0.309    -.1063271    .3281557
          9  |   .0509482    .111564     0.46   0.650    -.1737532    .2756496
         10  |   .0607514    .157307     0.39   0.701    -.2560813     .377584
         11  |   .3801958   .1001053     3.80   0.000     .1785734    .5818182
         12  |   .1108607   .1025561     1.08   0.285    -.0956978    .3174193
         13  |  -.0187941   .1290096    -0.15   0.885    -.2786327    .2410445
         14  |    .102418   .2900635     0.35   0.726    -.4817999    .6866359
         15  |   .0341234   .0911534     0.37   0.710     -.149469    .2177157
         16  |   .0642455   .0769179     0.84   0.408    -.0906751     .219166
         18  |  -.0094729   .1414808    -0.07   0.947    -.2944298    .2754841
         19  |   .0663015   .0890576     0.74   0.460    -.1130698    .2456728
         20  |   .2046344    .114945     1.78   0.082    -.0268766    .4361455
             |
       _cons |   .5642486   .0776885     7.26   0.000      .407776    .7207213
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0434
                                                Root MSE          =     .47273

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .1097993   .0319235     3.44   0.001      .045502    .1740966
      female |  -.0661649   .0386971    -1.71   0.094    -.1441048    .0117749
   birth_dec |  -.0054079   .0168171    -0.32   0.749    -.0392792    .0284635
       boost |   .0301872   .0445517     0.68   0.502    -.0595445    .1199189
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .1235024   .0378526     3.26   0.002     .0472633    .1997414
  2.edufirst |  -.1078746   .0627508    -1.72   0.092    -.2342612     .018512
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.5696421    .079386    -7.18   0.000    -.7295336   -.4097505
          3  |   .0659793   .0916835     0.72   0.475    -.1186808    .2506394
          4  |   .2914615   .1609764     1.81   0.077    -.0327616    .6156845
          5  |   .0916207   .0967264     0.95   0.349    -.1031963    .2864378
          6  |   .2000467   .1315891     1.52   0.135    -.0649874    .4650808
          7  |    .108471    .109983     0.99   0.329    -.1130461    .3299881
          8  |    .134854   .1059251     1.27   0.210      -.07849     .348198
          9  |   .0733239   .1075675     0.68   0.499    -.1433282     .289976
         10  |   .0907121   .1627739     0.56   0.580    -.2371314    .4185555
         11  |   .3706329   .0939109     3.95   0.000     .1814865    .5597792
         12  |   .1258949   .0987519     1.27   0.209    -.0730016    .3247914
         13  |  -.0278933   .1300398    -0.21   0.831     -.289807    .2340204
         14  |   .0484285   .2893903     0.17   0.868    -.5344334    .6312904
         15  |   .0280206   .0910588     0.31   0.760    -.1553813    .2114224
         16  |   .0510845   .0782955     0.65   0.517    -.1066106    .2087797
         18  |   -.015036   .1411426    -0.11   0.916    -.2993118    .2692398
         19  |   .0662774   .0874734     0.76   0.453    -.1099031    .2424579
         20  |   .2138214   .1208676     1.77   0.084    -.0296185    .4572613
             |
       _cons |   .6170314   .1095831     5.63   0.000     .3963198     .837743
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Columns 7-9, Upper panel
. use ${datain}itanes2018.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in populists  {
  2. 
. reg `var' T , r cluster(birth)
  3. 
. reg `var' T  i.regione, r cluster(birth)
  4. 
. reg `var' T catho i.educ2 female birth_dec i.regione, r cluster(birth)
  5. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,666
                                                F(1, 62)          =      52.96
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0020
                                                Root MSE          =     .48518

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 63 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0976975   .0134246     7.28   0.000     .0708621     .124533
       _cons |   .6149462   .0133597    46.03   0.000     .5882405    .6416518
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,666
                                                F(20, 62)         =       6.25
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0247
                                                Root MSE          =     .48238

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 63 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0789802   .0135271     5.84   0.000     .0519398    .1060205
             |
     regione |
Valle d'A..  |  -.0293798   .3574708    -0.08   0.935    -.7439537    .6851941
  Lombardia  |   .0107809   .0558635     0.19   0.848    -.1008887    .1224505
Trentino ..  |   .1320215     .12139     1.09   0.281    -.1106336    .3746767
     Veneto  |   .1168563   .0592591     1.97   0.053     -.001601    .2353136
Friuli Ve..  |   .1157815   .0893635     1.30   0.200    -.0628536    .2944166
    Liguria  |  -.0739167   .0861199    -0.86   0.394     -.246068    .0982346
Emilia Ro..  |   .0446071   .0641461     0.70   0.489     -.083619    .1728333
    Toscana  |   .0041118   .0716365     0.06   0.954    -.1390876    .1473112
     Umbria  |   .0539535   .1050645     0.51   0.609    -.1560674    .2639744
     Marche  |   .1879495   .0717815     2.62   0.011     .0444604    .3314386
      Lazio  |   .0896819   .0693376     1.29   0.201     -.048922    .2282858
    Abruzzo  |   .1128651   .0754652     1.50   0.140    -.0379877    .2637178
     Molise  |  -.0849354   .1865404    -0.46   0.650    -.4578243    .2879536
   Campania  |   .1853348   .0531367     3.49   0.001      .079116    .2915536
     Puglia  |   .1895941   .0662901     2.86   0.006     .0570821    .3221062
 Basilicata  |   .1372869   .1294705     1.06   0.293    -.1215209    .3960947
   Calabria  |   .0707618   .0824781     0.86   0.394    -.0941095    .2356332
    Sicilia  |   .1466152   .0607419     2.41   0.019     .0251939    .2680366
   Sardegna  |   .1542437   .0691498     2.23   0.029     .0160154    .2924721
             |
       _cons |   .5293798   .0471865    11.22   0.000     .4350553    .6237043
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,666
                                                F(24, 62)         =       6.53
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0294
                                                Root MSE          =     .48183

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 63 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0736065   .0129447     5.69   0.000     .0477304    .0994825
       catho |   .0507934   .0189743     2.68   0.009     .0128642    .0887225
     2.educ2 |  -.0361998   .0482843    -0.75   0.456    -.1327187     .060319
      female |   .0041844   .0232373     0.18   0.858    -.0422664    .0506351
   birth_dec |   .0172161   .0090914     1.89   0.063    -.0009574    .0353897
             |
     regione |
Valle d'A..  |  -.0191346   .3562047    -0.05   0.957    -.7311775    .6929084
  Lombardia  |   .0153825   .0558346     0.28   0.784    -.0962292    .1269942
Trentino ..  |   .1151601   .1223492     0.94   0.350    -.1294126    .3597327
     Veneto  |   .1018393   .0600885     1.69   0.095    -.0182759    .2219546
Friuli Ve..  |   .1198937    .087727     1.37   0.177      -.05547    .2952573
    Liguria  |  -.0668062   .0852282    -0.78   0.436     -.237175    .1035626
Emilia Ro..  |   .0472803   .0641579     0.74   0.464    -.0809695    .1755302
    Toscana  |   .0060623   .0704995     0.09   0.932    -.1348641    .1469888
     Umbria  |    .048232   .1043403     0.46   0.646    -.1603413    .2568053
     Marche  |   .1757928   .0731104     2.40   0.019     .0296472    .3219384
      Lazio  |   .0888135   .0689331     1.29   0.202    -.0489819    .2266089
    Abruzzo  |   .0861744   .0746823     1.15   0.253    -.0631133    .2354622
     Molise  |  -.0964092    .190058    -0.51   0.614    -.4763298    .2835114
   Campania  |   .1688482   .0543791     3.11   0.003     .0601459    .2775505
     Puglia  |   .1801524   .0673167     2.68   0.010     .0455883    .3147166
 Basilicata  |   .1155902   .1271105     0.91   0.367    -.1385001    .3696806
   Calabria  |   .0502108   .0834401     0.60   0.550    -.1165837    .2170052
    Sicilia  |   .1315256   .0607909     2.16   0.034     .0100064    .2530448
   Sardegna  |   .1508618    .070607     2.14   0.037     .0097205    .2920032
             |
       _cons |   .4568888    .069213     6.60   0.000     .3185339    .5952437
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Columns 1-6, Lower panel
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in vote2018 populists  {
  2.         
. logit `var' i.T  if country==6, or r cluster(birth_year)
  3. margins i.T, contrast(eff)  
  4. 
. logit `var' i.T  i.code_region_resid_istat if country==6, or r cluster(birth_
> year)
  5. margins i.T, contrast(eff)  
  6. 
. logit `var' i.T female birth_dec boost female birth_dec catho i.edufirst i.co
> de_region_resid_istat if country==6, or r cluster(birth_year)
  7. margins i.T, contrast(eff) 
  8. }

Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -455.97921  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood = -455.79886  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -455.79808  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -455.79808  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =  1,056
                                                        Wald chi2(1)  =   0.25
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.6165
Log pseudolikelihood = -455.79808                       Pseudo R2     = 0.0004

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
    vote2018 | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .8162291   .3309542    -0.50   0.617     .3687038    1.806952
       _cons |   5.513158   .4496999    20.93   0.000     4.698608    6.468918
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of adjusted predictions                        Number of obs = 1,056
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(vote2018), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        0.22     0.6375
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |  -.0282828   .0600278    -0.47   0.638    -.1459351    .0893695
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

note: 2.code_region_resid_istat != 0 predicts success perfectly;
      2.code_region_resid_istat omitted and 1 obs not used.

Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -455.81035  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood = -450.16389  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -449.97215  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -449.97188  
Iteration 4:   log pseudolikelihood = -449.97188  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =  1,055
                                                        Wald chi2(18) =  17.93
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.4605
Log pseudolikelihood = -449.97188                       Pseudo R2     = 0.0128

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
    vote2018 | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .8329592     .35669    -0.43   0.670     .3598504    1.928082
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |          1  (empty)
          3  |   1.241672   .5820828     0.46   0.644     .4954187    3.112012
          4  |   .6448796   .5333978    -0.53   0.596     .1274753    3.262354
          5  |   2.493598   1.479659     1.54   0.124     .7793592     7.97839
          6  |   2.439968   2.015519     1.08   0.280     .4833422    12.31724
          7  |   .7409757   .3458773    -0.64   0.521     .2968074    1.849836
          8  |   1.326022   .7672599     0.49   0.626     .4266095     4.12165
          9  |   1.556993   .7386217     0.93   0.351     .6144484    3.945373
         10  |   1.934639   2.319463     0.55   0.582      .184537    20.28226
         11  |   .9189534   .5875315    -0.13   0.895     .2624696    3.217422
         12  |   1.269467   .5793594     0.52   0.601     .5189796    3.105223
         13  |   .9270144   .5382594    -0.13   0.896     .2970618    2.892851
         14  |   .7254895   .8802981    -0.26   0.791     .0672661    7.824675
         15  |   1.616028   .8813591     0.88   0.379     .5549007    4.706329
         16  |   1.895447   1.113813     1.09   0.277     .5991341    5.996521
         18  |   1.410631   1.004717     0.48   0.629     .3492593    5.697428
         19  |   1.230075    .588347     0.43   0.665     .4817263    3.140963
         20  |   1.188331   .8207962     0.25   0.803     .3069032    4.601227
             |
       _cons |   4.135139   1.542686     3.80   0.000     1.990373    8.591041
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of predictive margins                          Number of obs = 1,055
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(vote2018), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        0.16     0.6858
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |  -.0250208   .0618561    -0.40   0.686    -.1462565    .0962148
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

note: 2.code_region_resid_istat != 0 predicts success perfectly;
      2.code_region_resid_istat omitted and 1 obs not used.

note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.
Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -455.81035  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood = -439.42032  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -438.73966  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -438.73818  
Iteration 4:   log pseudolikelihood = -438.73818  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =  1,055
                                                        Wald chi2(23) =  93.47
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.0000
Log pseudolikelihood = -438.73818                       Pseudo R2     = 0.0375

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
    vote2018 | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .7340566   .3193349    -0.71   0.477       .31292    1.721971
      female |   .7366261   .1371611    -1.64   0.101     .5113895    1.061066
   birth_dec |   1.034821   .0725512     0.49   0.625     .9019607    1.187252
       boost |   1.637115   .3328273     2.42   0.015     1.099079    2.438537
      female |          1  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          1  (omitted)
       catho |   2.225808   .3469852     5.13   0.000     1.639806    3.021225
  2.edufirst |    1.33345   .4874438     0.79   0.431     .6513575    2.729821
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |          1  (empty)
          3  |   1.180184   .5565168     0.35   0.725     .4683442    2.973956
          4  |   .5101734   .4427412    -0.78   0.438     .0931159    2.795193
          5  |   2.320796   1.385387     1.41   0.158     .7203052    7.477516
          6  |   3.118474   2.583709     1.37   0.170     .6147623    15.81893
          7  |   .8494108   .4000155    -0.35   0.729     .3374886    2.137847
          8  |    1.37593   .8123179     0.54   0.589     .4325796    4.376495
          9  |   1.669068   .8560535     1.00   0.318     .6107994    4.560888
         10  |   2.038095    2.45379     0.59   0.554     .1924907    21.57939
         11  |   .8692794   .5556188    -0.22   0.827     .2483679    3.042449
         12  |    1.29881   .6125236     0.55   0.579     .5153658    3.273222
         13  |   .7280144   .4336263    -0.53   0.594     .2265374    2.339592
         14  |   .4724722   .6003837    -0.59   0.555     .0391499    5.701932
         15  |   1.416166   .7643091     0.64   0.519     .4917206    4.078591
         16  |   1.708554   1.010414     0.91   0.365      .536093    5.445242
         18  |   1.194881   .8767152     0.24   0.808     .2836454    5.033538
         19  |   1.104356   .5323623     0.21   0.837     .4293207    2.840773
         20  |   1.082727   .7574469     0.11   0.910     .2748151    4.265765
             |
       _cons |   1.833103   .8479691     1.31   0.190     .7403417    4.538804
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of predictive margins                          Number of obs = 1,055
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(vote2018), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        0.43     0.5125
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |  -.0426773   .0651658    -0.65   0.513    -.1703999    .0850453
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -553.64488  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood = -552.26846  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -552.26623  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -552.26623  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =    857
                                                        Wald chi2(1)  =   8.32
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.0039
Log pseudolikelihood = -552.26623                       Pseudo R2     = 0.0025

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |    1.68964   .3071855     2.89   0.004     1.183154    2.412943
       _cons |   1.821053    .149437     7.30   0.000     1.550502    2.138813
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of adjusted predictions                          Number of obs = 857
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(populists), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        9.50     0.0020
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |   .1091946   .0354193     3.08   0.002      .039774    .1786152
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

note: 2.code_region_resid_istat != 0 predicts failure perfectly;
      2.code_region_resid_istat omitted and 1 obs not used.

Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -552.58744  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood = -541.99251  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -541.56534  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -541.55701  
Iteration 4:   log pseudolikelihood = -541.55699  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =    856
                                                        Wald chi2(18) =  30.05
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.0370
Log pseudolikelihood = -541.55699                       Pseudo R2     = 0.0200

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   1.779502   .3320139     3.09   0.002      1.23448    2.565152
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |          1  (empty)
          3  |    1.31157   .5156041     0.69   0.490     .6069705    2.834103
          4  |   5.430611   6.542401     1.40   0.160      .512134    57.58558
          5  |   1.540087   .6258992     1.06   0.288      .694405    3.415686
          6  |   2.270386   1.496889     1.24   0.214     .6235822    8.266197
          7  |   1.464313   .6841303     0.82   0.414     .5860716    3.658619
          8  |   1.619871   .7551225     1.03   0.301     .6496544    4.039042
          9  |   1.239318   .5713102     0.47   0.642     .5020994    3.058976
         10  |   1.293003   .8530942     0.39   0.697     .3548098    4.711977
         11  |    13.1884   14.30329     2.38   0.017     1.574105     110.497
         12  |   1.613407   .7004896     1.10   0.271     .6889372    3.778404
         13  |   .9309618   .4824183    -0.14   0.890     .3371668    2.570508
         14  |   1.551603   1.990001     0.34   0.732      .125625    19.16396
         15  |   1.152813   .4324285     0.38   0.705     .5526711    2.404643
         16  |    1.31157   .4157141     0.86   0.392      .704686    2.441112
         18  |   .9617743   .5515808    -0.07   0.946     .3125404    2.959649
         19  |   1.323413   .4882766     0.76   0.448     .6421588    2.727397
         20  |   2.618197   1.524177     1.65   0.098     .8365216    8.194593
             |
       _cons |   1.288989   .4071283     0.80   0.422     .6940595    2.393878
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 856
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(populists), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1       11.20     0.0008
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |   .1169238   .0349361     3.35   0.001     .0484503    .1853974
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

note: 2.code_region_resid_istat != 0 predicts failure perfectly;
      2.code_region_resid_istat omitted and 1 obs not used.

note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.
Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -552.58744  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood = -533.85306  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -533.25439  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -533.24203  
Iteration 4:   log pseudolikelihood =   -533.242  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =    856
                                                        Wald chi2(23) =  75.78
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.0000
Log pseudolikelihood = -533.242                         Pseudo R2     = 0.0350

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   1.712345   .2790698     3.30   0.001     1.244132    2.356763
      female |   .7339126     .12962    -1.75   0.080     .5191697    1.037479
   birth_dec |   .9762563   .0723611    -0.32   0.746     .8442518    1.128901
       boost |   1.147573   .2273412     0.69   0.487     .7783093    1.692032
      female |          1  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          1  (omitted)
       catho |     1.7309   .2873543     3.30   0.001     1.250145    2.396534
  2.edufirst |   .5725262   .2018646    -1.58   0.114     .2868625     1.14266
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |          1  (empty)
          3  |   1.333769   .5122341     0.75   0.453     .6283136    2.831292
          4  |   4.976637   6.153794     1.30   0.194     .4409549    56.16656
          5  |   1.489204   .6147634     0.96   0.335     .6630816    3.344581
          6  |   2.532202   1.700167     1.38   0.166      .679182     9.44084
          7  |   1.629642   .7784532     1.02   0.307     .6389799    4.156207
          8  |   1.831307   .8534381     1.30   0.194     .7346469    4.565033
          9  |   1.388584   .6296101     0.72   0.469     .5709809    3.376937
         10  |   1.499491   1.053165     0.58   0.564     .3785335    5.939962
         11  |   13.28332   14.30323     2.40   0.016     1.609714    109.6137
         12  |   1.754905   .7449363     1.32   0.185     .7637101    4.032539
         13  |   .8980845   .4740542    -0.20   0.839     .3191612    2.527111
         14  |   1.213637   1.549574     0.15   0.879     .0993741    14.82193
         15  |   1.125264   .4295262     0.31   0.757     .5325262    2.377759
         16  |   1.245836   .4084303     0.67   0.503      .655249    2.368731
         18  |   .9405068    .545544    -0.11   0.916     .3017309    2.931596
         19  |   1.333913   .4914131     0.78   0.434     .6479551    2.746059
         20  |   2.788451   1.732195     1.65   0.099     .8252658    9.421762
             |
       _cons |   1.773129   .9096256     1.12   0.264     .6487378    4.846316
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 856
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(populists), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1       12.10     0.0005
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |    .108079   .0310692     3.48   0.001     .0471844    .1689735
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Columns 7-9, Lower panel
. use ${datain}itanes2018.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in populists  {
  2. logit `var' 1.T , r cluster(birth) or
  3. margins i.T, contrast(eff) 
  4. 
. logit `var' 1.T  i.regione, r cluster(birth) or
  5. margins i.T, contrast(eff) 
  6. 
. logit `var' 1.T catho i.educ2 female birth_dec i.regione, or r cluster(birth)
  7. margins i.T, contrast(eff) 
  8. }

Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -1106.2917  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood =  -1104.564  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -1104.5582  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -1104.5582  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =  1,666
                                                        Wald chi2(1)  =  60.10
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.0000
Log pseudolikelihood = -1104.5582                       Pseudo R2     = 0.0016

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 63 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
         1.T |   1.552873   .0881565     7.75   0.000     1.389355    1.735636
       _cons |   1.597039   .0900789     8.30   0.000     1.429897    1.783719
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of adjusted predictions                        Number of obs = 1,666
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(populists), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1       52.99     0.0000
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
(1 vs base)  |   .0976975   .0134206     7.28   0.000     .0713936    .1240014
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -1106.2917  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood =  -1085.545  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -1085.4824  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -1085.4824  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =  1,666
                                                        Wald chi2(20) = 135.23
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.0000
Log pseudolikelihood = -1085.4824                       Pseudo R2     = 0.0188

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 63 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
         1.T |   1.445185   .0859276     6.19   0.000     1.286213    1.623806
             |
     regione |
Valle d'A..  |    .891253   1.266831    -0.08   0.935     .0549667    14.45115
  Lombardia  |   1.046451   .2343444     0.20   0.839     .6746818    1.623075
Trentino ..  |   1.741953   .9317825     1.04   0.299     .6105526    4.969926
     Veneto  |   1.628066   .4003464     1.98   0.047     1.005447    2.636241
Friuli Ve..  |    1.62046   .6159971     1.27   0.204     .7692455    3.413592
    Liguria  |   .7425056   .2561426    -0.86   0.388     .3776246    1.459954
Emilia Ro..  |   1.198065   .3110091     0.70   0.486     .7203015    1.992719
    Toscana  |    1.01765   .2920823     0.06   0.951     .5798148    1.786106
     Umbria  |   1.247754    .533366     0.52   0.605     .5398508    2.883928
     Marche  |   2.272059   .7495948     2.49   0.013     1.190124    4.337574
      Lazio  |   1.447623   .4133134     1.30   0.195     .8272324    2.533282
    Abruzzo  |   1.599662   .5139428     1.46   0.144     .8522215    3.002646
     Molise  |   .7130024   .5352974    -0.45   0.652     .1636962    3.105586
   Campania  |   2.239973   .5152733     3.51   0.000      1.42704    3.516004
     Puglia  |   2.289291    .681595     2.78   0.005     1.277236    4.103277
 Basilicata  |   1.782506   1.014315     1.02   0.310     .5843383     5.43748
   Calabria  |   1.333495   .4578777     0.84   0.402     .6803258    2.613759
    Sicilia  |   1.861909   .4787605     2.42   0.016     1.124826    3.081992
   Sardegna  |    1.92891   .5881925     2.15   0.031     1.061086    3.506495
             |
       _cons |   1.122016     .21231     0.61   0.543     .7743422    1.625792
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of predictive margins                          Number of obs = 1,666
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(populists), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1       36.89     0.0000
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
(1 vs base)  |   .0809544   .0133286     6.07   0.000     .0548308    .1070781
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -1106.2917  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood = -1081.6659  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -1081.5927  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -1081.5927  

Logistic regression                                     Number of obs =  1,666
                                                        Wald chi2(24) = 170.34
                                                        Prob > chi2   = 0.0000
Log pseudolikelihood = -1081.5927                       Pseudo R2     = 0.0223

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 63 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Odds ratio   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
         1.T |   1.404513   .0810607     5.89   0.000     1.254293    1.572723
       catho |   1.244301   .1000474     2.72   0.007     1.062882    1.456686
     2.educ2 |   .8544627   .1833321    -0.73   0.464     .5611264    1.301145
      female |   1.018063   .1025064     0.18   0.859     .8357356    1.240167
   birth_dec |   1.077134   .0421632     1.90   0.058     .9975859    1.163025
             |
     regione |
Valle d'A..  |    .930379   1.316165    -0.05   0.959     .0581438    14.88732
  Lombardia  |   1.067113   .2401696     0.29   0.773     .6864913    1.658769
Trentino ..  |   1.623822   .8801149     0.89   0.371     .5612873    4.697767
     Veneto  |   1.527882   .3826354     1.69   0.091     .9352312    2.496092
Friuli Ve..  |   1.651505   .6178228     1.34   0.180     .7933198    3.438046
    Liguria  |   .7641865   .2626168    -0.78   0.434     .3896542    1.498716
Emilia Ro..  |   1.213179   .3167999     0.74   0.459     .7271918    2.023955
    Toscana  |   1.025718   .2909339     0.09   0.929     .5882931     1.78839
     Umbria  |   1.217109    .518047     0.46   0.644     .5284771    2.803061
     Marche  |   2.163384   .7290794     2.29   0.022     1.117561    4.187897
      Lazio  |    1.44374   .4117095     1.29   0.198      .825568    2.524789
    Abruzzo  |   1.425162   .4541726     1.11   0.266     .7631366    2.661499
     Molise  |   .6771788   .5199772    -0.51   0.612     .1503493    3.050039
   Campania  |   2.091612   .4955696     3.11   0.002     1.314632    3.327805
     Puglia  |   2.202957   .6676641     2.61   0.009     1.216262    3.990112
 Basilicata  |   1.628793   .9145557     0.87   0.385     .5419036    4.895641
   Calabria  |   1.221581   .4258571     0.57   0.566     .6168561    2.419139
    Sicilia  |   1.749285   .4529642     2.16   0.031     1.053049    2.905848
   Sardegna  |   1.905218    .596013     2.06   0.039     1.031957    3.517448
             |
       _cons |   .8228704   .2404208    -0.67   0.505      .464123    1.458914
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: _cons estimates baseline odds.

Contrasts of predictive margins                          Number of obs = 1,666
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(populists), predict()

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1       33.52     0.0000
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
(1 vs base)  |   .0746587   .0128956     5.79   0.000     .0493839    .0999335
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table 3
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. ** Upper panel
. foreach var in party_1 party_2 party_3 party_4 party_5 party_6 party_7  {
  2. 
. reg `var' T female birth_dec boost female birth_dec catho i.edufirst i.code_r
> egion_resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0413
                                                Root MSE          =     .24146

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_1 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0491017   .0170555    -2.88   0.006    -.0834532   -.0147503
      female |   .0023953   .0217889     0.11   0.913    -.0414898    .0462803
   birth_dec |  -.0064259   .0077125    -0.83   0.409    -.0219597    .0091079
       boost |   .0196157   .0211387     0.93   0.358    -.0229598    .0621912
      female |          0  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   -.069169   .0263774    -2.62   0.012    -.1222959   -.0160422
  2.edufirst |    .040863   .0149899     2.73   0.009     .0106717    .0710542
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   -.058372   .0391026    -1.49   0.142    -.1371286    .0203847
          3  |   .0129494   .0432839     0.30   0.766    -.0742288    .1001276
          4  |  -.0524267   .0358961    -1.46   0.151    -.1247252    .0198718
          5  |  -.0620728   .0358223    -1.73   0.090    -.1342226    .0100771
          6  |  -.0737323   .0373169    -1.98   0.054    -.1488924    .0014278
          7  |   .0030328   .0613874     0.05   0.961    -.1206078    .1266734
          8  |  -.0212555   .0497941    -0.43   0.672     -.121546     .079035
          9  |   .0445008   .0590719     0.75   0.455     -.074476    .1634777
         10  |  -.0791424    .038234    -2.07   0.044    -.1561497   -.0021351
         11  |  -.0616664   .0362985    -1.70   0.096    -.1347753    .0114425
         12  |   .0161298   .0480288     0.34   0.739    -.0806051    .1128648
         13  |   .1239236    .111916     1.11   0.274    -.1014868    .3493339
         14  |  -.0513547   .0382543    -1.34   0.186    -.1284028    .0256933
         15  |  -.0051423   .0443672    -0.12   0.908    -.0945023    .0842178
         16  |   .0190396    .045335     0.42   0.677    -.0722698    .1103489
         18  |  -.0161344    .058493    -0.28   0.784    -.1339452    .1016765
         19  |  -.0200409   .0437033    -0.46   0.649    -.1080639    .0679821
         20  |   .0051378   .0648137     0.08   0.937    -.1254036    .1356792
             |
       _cons |   .0967965   .0538316     1.80   0.079    -.0116259     .205219
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0284
                                                Root MSE          =     .37813

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_2 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0410399   .0311026    -1.32   0.194    -.1036837     .021604
      female |   .0168691   .0311939     0.54   0.591    -.0459586    .0796968
   birth_dec |   -.003495   .0131524    -0.27   0.792    -.0299852    .0229953
       boost |  -.0371924   .0408804    -0.91   0.368    -.1195297    .0451449
      female |          0  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |  -.0169694   .0336699    -0.50   0.617    -.0847841    .0508453
  2.edufirst |   .0072963   .0491359     0.15   0.883    -.0916685    .1062611
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .8147301   .0670241    12.16   0.000     .6797366    .9497236
          3  |  -.0484968   .0725026    -0.67   0.507    -.1945246     .097531
          4  |  -.0844337   .1400402    -0.60   0.550    -.3664892    .1976217
          5  |  -.0400348   .0705644    -0.57   0.573    -.1821588    .1020892
          6  |  -.0680224   .1051539    -0.65   0.521    -.2798132    .1437683
          7  |  -.0296569    .099035    -0.30   0.766    -.2291235    .1698097
          8  |  -.1216455    .066372    -1.83   0.073    -.2553257    .0120346
          9  |  -.0377483   .0907188    -0.42   0.679    -.2204654    .1449688
         10  |   .1561189   .1588704     0.98   0.331    -.1638624    .4761002
         11  |  -.2164504   .0647031    -3.35   0.002    -.3467691   -.0861316
         12  |  -.0635655   .0773859    -0.82   0.416    -.2194287    .0922976
         13  |  -.0753876   .0987015    -0.76   0.449    -.2741827    .1234075
         14  |   .1195852    .280205     0.43   0.672    -.4447765     .683947
         15  |   .0345257   .0777865     0.44   0.659    -.1221443    .1911956
         16  |  -.0108617   .0744357    -0.15   0.885    -.1607829    .1390594
         18  |   .0523382   .1280161     0.41   0.685    -.2054994    .3101758
         19  |  -.0301701   .0829786    -0.36   0.718    -.1972976    .1369574
         20  |  -.1341189   .0726875    -1.85   0.072     -.280519    .0122812
             |
       _cons |   .2327411    .086644     2.69   0.010     .0582311     .407251
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0673
                                                Root MSE          =      .4834

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_3 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0077107   .0708685    -0.11   0.914    -.1504472    .1350257
      female |  -.0691774   .0392721    -1.76   0.085    -.1482755    .0099206
   birth_dec |    .008424   .0137748     0.61   0.544    -.0193198    .0361678
       boost |   .0202452   .0451985     0.45   0.656    -.0707893    .1112797
      female |          0  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .0209036   .0432253     0.48   0.631    -.0661566    .1079638
  2.edufirst |  -.1258065     .06616    -1.90   0.064    -.2590596    .0074466
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.3177857   .0706054    -4.50   0.000    -.4599922   -.1755792
          3  |  -.0477838    .073762    -0.65   0.520    -.1963481    .1007804
          4  |   .2831206   .1639827     1.73   0.091    -.0471575    .6133987
          5  |  -.0216887   .0932929    -0.23   0.817    -.2095902    .1662129
          6  |    .032563    .119108     0.27   0.786    -.2073329    .2724588
          7  |   .0553663    .120115     0.46   0.647    -.1865577    .2972904
          8  |   .1081656   .1008297     1.07   0.289    -.0949158     .311247
          9  |   .0122184   .0870817     0.14   0.889    -.1631732    .1876099
         10  |   .1929845   .1644623     1.17   0.247    -.1382596    .5242287
         11  |   .1769437   .1162362     1.52   0.135     -.057168    .4110554
         12  |   .1342889    .080567     1.67   0.103    -.0279814    .2965592
         13  |   .0523781   .1157043     0.45   0.653    -.1806623    .2854186
         14  |   .3196048   .2808114     1.14   0.261    -.2459785     .885188
         15  |   .2486852   .0884345     2.81   0.007     .0705689    .4268015
         16  |   .2736988   .0761469     3.59   0.001     .1203311    .4270665
         18  |   .2060074   .1282292     1.61   0.115    -.0522594    .4642743
         19  |   .1949681   .0889438     2.19   0.034     .0158262    .3741101
         20  |   .2424449   .1400152     1.73   0.090    -.0395602      .52445
             |
       _cons |   .4295007   .1110928     3.87   0.000     .2057484    .6532531
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1254
                                                Root MSE          =     .35971

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_4 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0893104   .0225275     3.96   0.000     .0439377    .1346832
      female |  -.0116977   .0253004    -0.46   0.646    -.0626554      .03926
   birth_dec |  -.0204145   .0112887    -1.81   0.077    -.0431512    .0023222
       boost |   .0128918   .0295342     0.44   0.665     -.046593    .0723767
      female |          0  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .1159433   .0205812     5.63   0.000     .0744906     .157396
  2.edufirst |   .0133943   .0521364     0.26   0.798    -.0916137    .1184024
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.2192682   .0796436    -2.75   0.008    -.3796785   -.0588578
          3  |    .080766   .0892665     0.90   0.370     -.099026    .2605581
          4  |  -.2196955   .0808175    -2.72   0.009    -.3824703   -.0569206
          5  |   .1037218   .1040523     1.00   0.324    -.1058502    .3132938
          6  |    .092199   .1248823     0.74   0.464    -.1593269    .3437248
          7  |   .0037943   .1095095     0.03   0.973    -.2167692    .2243579
          8  |  -.0148514   .0935743    -0.16   0.875    -.2033198     .173617
          9  |  -.0365869   .1023311    -0.36   0.722    -.2426924    .1695186
         10  |  -.2036808   .0864853    -2.36   0.023     -.377871   -.0294905
         11  |   .1562159    .109968     1.42   0.162    -.0652711    .3777028
         12  |   -.087846   .0816642    -1.08   0.288    -.2523262    .0766342
         13  |  -.1968812   .0923783    -2.13   0.039    -.3829407   -.0108216
         14  |  -.2657079   .0841542    -3.16   0.003    -.4352032   -.0962127
         15  |  -.2392548   .0786524    -3.04   0.004     -.397669   -.0808407
         16  |  -.2025551   .0822959    -2.46   0.018    -.3683076   -.0368027
         18  |  -.2000542   .0757433    -2.64   0.011    -.3526091   -.0474993
         19  |  -.1476744   .0918328    -1.61   0.115    -.3326352    .0372863
         20  |  -.1520361    .104869    -1.45   0.154    -.3632531     .059181
             |
       _cons |   .1908089   .1121406     1.70   0.096    -.0350539    .4166717
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0155
                                                Root MSE          =     .25892

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_5 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0009258   .0249018    -0.04   0.971    -.0510806     .049229
      female |    .018684   .0208739     0.90   0.376    -.0233583    .0607263
   birth_dec |    .007703   .0063322     1.22   0.230    -.0050508    .0204567
       boost |  -.0100007    .024866    -0.40   0.689    -.0600834     .040082
      female |          0  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .0280743   .0192334     1.46   0.151    -.0106637    .0668124
  2.edufirst |   .0233694   .0285786     0.82   0.418    -.0341909    .0809297
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.0878947   .0438527    -2.00   0.051    -.1762186    .0004292
          3  |   .0070481   .0440151     0.16   0.873     -.081603    .0956991
          4  |  -.0719198   .0398215    -1.81   0.078    -.1521243    .0082847
          5  |  -.0076013   .0464283    -0.16   0.871    -.1011127      .08591
          6  |   .0398123   .0744785     0.53   0.596    -.1101952    .1898198
          7  |   .0129322     .06375     0.20   0.840     -.115467    .1413313
          8  |   .0032567   .0520979     0.06   0.950     -.101674    .1081874
          9  |     .01629   .0516547     0.32   0.754     -.087748     .120328
         10  |  -.0653435    .035766    -1.83   0.074      -.13738    .0066929
         11  |  -.0661534   .0367149    -1.80   0.078    -.1401011    .0077943
         12  |  -.0081972   .0462417    -0.18   0.860    -.1013328    .0849385
         13  |  -.0294329   .0415042    -0.71   0.482    -.1130267    .0541608
         14  |  -.0612378   .0392925    -1.56   0.126    -.1403771    .0179014
         15  |  -.0012332   .0518407    -0.02   0.981    -.1056458    .1031793
         16  |  -.0052041   .0479265    -0.11   0.914     -.101733    .0913249
         18  |   .0173671   .0601149     0.29   0.774    -.1037104    .1384447
         19  |   .0706736   .0606318     1.17   0.250     -.051445    .1927923
         20  |   .0080917   .0529776     0.15   0.879    -.0986107    .1147941
             |
       _cons |  -.0107471   .0432169    -0.25   0.805    -.0977905    .0762963
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0310
                                                Root MSE          =     .18655

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_6 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0284523   .0148762     1.91   0.062    -.0015099    .0584145
      female |   .0148998   .0146831     1.01   0.316    -.0146735    .0444731
   birth_dec |  -.0000359   .0061792    -0.01   0.995    -.0124814    .0124095
       boost |   .0001032   .0171784     0.01   0.995    -.0344959    .0347023
      female |          0  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .0043035   .0157215     0.27   0.786    -.0273613    .0359682
  2.edufirst |   .0007051   .0245785     0.03   0.977    -.0487984    .0502087
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.0253294   .0221848    -1.14   0.260    -.0700118     .019353
          3  |   .0027537   .0234582     0.12   0.907    -.0444936     .050001
          4  |   -.017212   .0190631    -0.90   0.371    -.0556071    .0211832
          5  |   .0097696   .0263493     0.37   0.713    -.0433005    .0628397
          6  |   .0280925   .0546223     0.51   0.610    -.0819225    .1381075
          7  |   .0522294   .0535094     0.98   0.334    -.0555441    .1600028
          8  |   .0274836   .0358236     0.77   0.447    -.0446688    .0996361
          9  |   .0206819   .0331701     0.62   0.536    -.0461262    .0874899
         10  |   .1068908   .1221317     0.88   0.386     -.139095    .3528767
         11  |   .0368265   .0586768     0.63   0.533    -.0813546    .1550076
         12  |   .0476653   .0323811     1.47   0.148    -.0175536    .1128843
         13  |   .1159822   .0761026     1.52   0.135    -.0372962    .2692607
         14  |  -.0104103   .0185461    -0.56   0.577     -.047764    .0269435
         15  |  -.0081942   .0237214    -0.35   0.731    -.0559716    .0395831
         16  |  -.0197238   .0183864    -1.07   0.289    -.0567559    .0173084
         18  |  -.0207547   .0189781    -1.09   0.280    -.0589785     .017469
         19  |  -.0071379   .0237506    -0.30   0.765     -.054974    .0406983
         20  |    .087617   .0535327     1.64   0.109    -.0202034    .1954374
             |
       _cons |   .0054975    .026291     0.21   0.835    -.0474553    .0584504
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(23, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0624
                                                Root MSE          =     .18632

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_7 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0140159    .011678    -1.20   0.236    -.0375365    .0095047
      female |   .0275961   .0144737     1.91   0.063    -.0015553    .0567476
   birth_dec |   .0064752   .0057423     1.13   0.265    -.0050903    .0180408
       boost |  -.0022363   .0163925    -0.14   0.892    -.0352525    .0307799
      female |          0  (omitted)
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
       catho |  -.0631737   .0222084    -2.84   0.007    -.1079037   -.0184438
  2.edufirst |   .0324203   .0080885     4.01   0.000     .0161293    .0487113
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   -.053724   .0372652    -1.44   0.156      -.12878     .021332
          3  |    .005421   .0324849     0.17   0.868     -.060007     .070849
          4  |  -.0389721   .0346319    -1.13   0.266    -.1087244    .0307802
          5  |   .0609511   .0535405     1.14   0.261    -.0468851    .1687873
          6  |  -.0552281    .028188    -1.96   0.056    -.1120015    .0015454
          7  |   -.051949   .0318931    -1.63   0.110    -.1161851     .012287
          8  |   .0479648   .0536439     0.89   0.376    -.0600797    .1560092
          9  |  -.0529041   .0295133    -1.79   0.080    -.1123469    .0065387
         10  |  -.0582205   .0312565    -1.86   0.069    -.1211743    .0047332
         11  |   .0164881   .0608367     0.27   0.788    -.1060432    .1390195
         12  |  -.0270181   .0332069    -0.81   0.420    -.0939003    .0398642
         13  |   .0521653   .0681161     0.77   0.448    -.0850276    .1893582
         14  |  -.0132552   .0289212    -0.46   0.649    -.0715056    .0449951
         15  |  -.0133451   .0250036    -0.53   0.596    -.0637049    .0370147
         16  |  -.0238019   .0325076    -0.73   0.468    -.0892755    .0416718
         18  |   .0044369   .0534281     0.08   0.934    -.1031727    .1120466
         19  |  -.0436686   .0305546    -1.43   0.160    -.1052087    .0178715
         20  |  -.0499995    .031394    -1.59   0.118    -.1132302    .0132312
             |
       _cons |   .0267414   .0285145     0.94   0.353    -.0306898    .0841725
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Lower panel
. mlogit party i.T female birth_dec boost i.edufirst catho i.code_region_resid_
> istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year) 

Iteration 0:   log pseudolikelihood = -1328.0212  
Iteration 1:   log pseudolikelihood = -1213.9666  
Iteration 2:   log pseudolikelihood = -1184.8858  
Iteration 3:   log pseudolikelihood = -1180.6541  
Iteration 4:   log pseudolikelihood = -1179.6787  
Iteration 5:   log pseudolikelihood = -1179.4622  
Iteration 6:   log pseudolikelihood = -1179.4074  
Iteration 7:   log pseudolikelihood = -1179.3969  
Iteration 8:   log pseudolikelihood = -1179.3952  
Iteration 9:   log pseudolikelihood = -1179.3948  
Iteration 10:  log pseudolikelihood = -1179.3947  
Iteration 11:  log pseudolikelihood = -1179.3947  

Multinomial logistic regression                         Number of obs =    833
                                                        Wald chi2(42) =      .
                                                        Prob > chi2   =      .
Log pseudolikelihood = -1179.3947                       Pseudo R2     = 0.1119

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
       party | Coefficient  std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
1            |
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -1.295374    .973764    -1.33   0.183    -3.203917    .6131679
      female |   .2330682   .4176122     0.56   0.577    -.5854368    1.051573
   birth_dec |  -.1142427   .1341257    -0.85   0.394    -.3771243    .1486389
       boost |    .283954   .3789984     0.75   0.454    -.4588693    1.026777
  2.edufirst |    1.56888   .8743754     1.79   0.073    -.1448641    3.282625
       catho |  -.9775537   .3268599    -2.99   0.003    -1.618187     -.33692
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.2564063   .6893109    -0.37   0.710    -1.607431    1.094618
          3  |   .2864782   .7397731     0.39   0.699     -1.16345    1.736407
          4  |   -17.0975   .8601874   -19.88   0.000    -18.78344   -15.41157
          5  |  -16.25122   .7144985   -22.74   0.000    -17.65161   -14.85083
          6  |  -16.40918   .7491116   -21.90   0.000    -17.87741   -14.94095
          7  |  -.2954479   1.047607    -0.28   0.778    -2.348719    1.757824
          8  |  -.6864633   1.025702    -0.67   0.503    -2.696802    1.323876
          9  |   .3256494   .7596749     0.43   0.668    -1.163286    1.814585
         10  |  -17.35526   .8496919   -20.43   0.000    -19.02063    -15.6899
         11  |  -16.86155   .7055208   -23.90   0.000    -18.24435   -15.47876
         12  |   -.219848   .7554822    -0.29   0.771    -1.700566     1.26087
         13  |   .9710201   1.011802     0.96   0.337    -1.012075    2.954115
         14  |    -16.829   .8952139   -18.80   0.000    -18.58359   -15.07442
         15  |  -.7058161   .8439062    -0.84   0.403    -2.359842    .9482097
         16  |  -.3895247    .729947    -0.53   0.594    -1.820195    1.041145
         18  |   -.815217   1.300079    -0.63   0.531    -3.363325    1.732891
         19  |  -.9460648   .9062257    -1.04   0.297    -2.722234    .8301049
         20  |  -.5445747   1.124412    -0.48   0.628    -2.748381    1.659232
             |
       _cons |  -2.172278   1.462559    -1.49   0.137    -5.038841    .6942854
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
2            |
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.2467257   .3788565    -0.65   0.515    -.9892708    .4958194
      female |    .268903   .2356674     1.14   0.254    -.1929966    .7308025
   birth_dec |  -.0398154   .0912471    -0.44   0.663    -.2186564    .1390257
       boost |  -.2842706   .3252876    -0.87   0.382    -.9218227    .3532814
  2.edufirst |   .3416903   .3887463     0.88   0.379    -.4202385    1.103619
       catho |  -.1457541   .2647127    -0.55   0.582    -.6645814    .3730732
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   20.34099   1.101871    18.46   0.000     18.18137    22.50062
          3  |  -.0985034   .4994396    -0.20   0.844    -1.077387    .8803802
          4  |  -1.112718    1.21781    -0.91   0.361    -3.499582    1.274145
          5  |   -.141841   .5184234    -0.27   0.784    -1.157932    .8742503
          6  |  -.5040732   .8301885    -0.61   0.544    -2.131213    1.123066
          7  |   -.329483   .6743061    -0.49   0.625    -1.651099    .9921327
          8  |  -1.173322   .6562926    -1.79   0.074    -2.459632    .1129877
          9  |  -.2320447   .6029002    -0.38   0.700    -1.413707    .9496181
         10  |   .0464994   .7252048     0.06   0.949    -1.374876    1.467875
         11  |  -17.13834   .5461577   -31.38   0.000    -18.20879   -16.06789
         12  |  -.7131566   .5398963    -1.32   0.187    -1.771334    .3450207
         13  |  -.5949601   .6994715    -0.85   0.395    -1.965899    .7759788
         14  |  -.2361803   1.255473    -0.19   0.851    -2.696863    2.224502
         15  |  -.4266391   .4798478    -0.89   0.374    -1.367124    .5138453
         16  |  -.6759436   .4250978    -1.59   0.112     -1.50912    .1572328
         18  |  -.2743023   .7186672    -0.38   0.703    -1.682864    1.134259
         19  |  -.6374265   .5245584    -1.22   0.224    -1.665542    .3906891
         20  |  -1.606753   .8121948    -1.98   0.048    -3.198626   -.0148806
             |
       _cons |  -.5469164   .6103139    -0.90   0.370     -1.74311    .6492768
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
3            |  (base outcome)
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
4            |
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .4910641   .2650774     1.85   0.064     -.028478    1.010606
      female |   .1252757   .2133799     0.59   0.557    -.2929412    .5434926
   birth_dec |  -.1780056   .0928199    -1.92   0.055    -.3599293    .0039181
       boost |    .029936   .2437575     0.12   0.902    -.4478199    .5076919
  2.edufirst |   .3844337   .3527775     1.09   0.276    -.3069974    1.075865
       catho |   .8109242    .262393     3.09   0.002     .2966433    1.325205
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.3832655   .4975775    -0.77   0.441      -1.3585    .5919685
          3  |   .4993663   .5126951     0.97   0.330    -.5054976     1.50423
          4  |  -17.44182   .6645254   -26.25   0.000    -18.74427   -16.13938
          5  |   .4747575   .6159737     0.77   0.441    -.7325287    1.682044
          6  |   .3969751   .7277824     0.55   0.585    -1.029452    1.823402
          7  |  -.0763482   .7035416    -0.11   0.914    -1.455264    1.302568
          8  |  -.3322356   .6087543    -0.55   0.585    -1.525372    .8609009
          9  |  -.1679483   .6516838    -0.26   0.797    -1.445225    1.109329
         10  |  -17.22081   .6656808   -25.87   0.000    -18.52552    -15.9161
         11  |   .1036535   .5733517     0.18   0.857    -1.020095    1.227402
         12  |   -.846175   .5277508    -1.60   0.109    -1.880548    .1881976
         13  |  -1.815321   1.215238    -1.49   0.135    -4.197144    .5665023
         14  |  -17.47073   .8382163   -20.84   0.000     -19.1136   -15.82786
         15  |  -17.06095   .5371918   -31.76   0.000    -18.11383   -16.00807
         16  |  -2.471722   .7377193    -3.35   0.001    -3.917625   -1.025819
         18  |  -2.240525   1.029717    -2.18   0.030    -4.258733   -.2223177
         19  |   -1.47193   .7491966    -1.96   0.049    -2.940329   -.0035317
         20  |  -1.704088   1.140493    -1.49   0.135    -3.939414    .5312377
             |
       _cons |  -.9538625   .7671323    -1.24   0.214    -2.457414    .5496891
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
5            |
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .0729948   .1913786     0.38   0.703    -.3021004      .44809
      female |   .4611439   .3466056     1.33   0.183    -.2181906    1.140478
   birth_dec |   .0830017   .1030355     0.81   0.420    -.1189442    .2849476
       boost |  -.1894795   .3741695    -0.51   0.613    -.9228383    .5438793
  2.edufirst |   .6779163   .6692839     1.01   0.311     -.633856    1.989689
       catho |   .3842335   .3562021     1.08   0.281    -.3139099    1.082377
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   -.480575   .7014188    -0.69   0.493    -1.855331    .8941805
          3  |   .2733489   .7329801     0.37   0.709    -1.163266    1.709964
          4  |  -17.27117   .8136487   -21.23   0.000    -18.86589   -15.67644
          5  |  -.0330752   .8134864    -0.04   0.968    -1.627479    1.561329
          6  |   .4111286   .9413654     0.44   0.662    -1.433914    2.256171
          7  |   .0359646   .9879184     0.04   0.971     -1.90032    1.972249
          8  |  -.2476443   .8788224    -0.28   0.778    -1.970105    1.474816
          9  |   .2145393   .8237976     0.26   0.795    -1.400074    1.829153
         10  |  -17.05588   .9590273   -17.78   0.000    -18.93554   -15.17622
         11  |  -16.78533   .7382692   -22.74   0.000    -18.23231   -15.33835
         12  |  -.4932542   .8170295    -0.60   0.546    -2.094603    1.108094
         13  |  -.6293355   .8943066    -0.70   0.482    -2.382144    1.123473
         14  |  -16.83698   .9984714   -16.86   0.000    -18.79394   -14.88001
         15  |  -.5940761   .8056088    -0.74   0.461     -2.17304     .984888
         16  |  -.6935697   .7992534    -0.87   0.386    -2.260078    .8729381
         18  |   -.262164   .8684583    -0.30   0.763    -1.964311    1.439983
         19  |   .2405821   .7355025     0.33   0.744    -1.200976    1.682141
         20  |  -.4696873   .9106009    -0.52   0.606    -2.254432    1.315058
             |
       _cons |  -3.037907   .8678555    -3.50   0.000    -4.738873   -1.336941
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
6            |
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .7446724   .4256388     1.75   0.080    -.0895643    1.578909
      female |   .6333686   .4788014     1.32   0.186    -.3050648    1.571802
   birth_dec |  -.0230688   .1987031    -0.12   0.908    -.4125197    .3663821
       boost |  -.0373544   .4701583    -0.08   0.937    -.9588476    .8841389
  2.edufirst |    .279155   .8624366     0.32   0.746     -1.41119      1.9695
       catho |   .0629171    .487577     0.13   0.897    -.8927163    1.018551
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .1744175   .8917158     0.20   0.845    -1.573313    1.922148
          3  |   .3151358   1.024285     0.31   0.758    -1.692426    2.322697
          4  |  -16.65106   .9538652   -17.46   0.000     -18.5206   -14.78152
          5  |   .4742066   1.092731     0.43   0.664    -1.667506    2.615919
          6  |   .7642425   1.355452     0.56   0.573    -1.892395     3.42088
          7  |     1.0884   1.149445     0.95   0.344    -1.164471    3.341271
          8  |   .5160301   1.054792     0.49   0.625    -1.551324    2.583384
          9  |   .6902402   1.162343     0.59   0.553    -1.587911    2.968391
         10  |   1.406702   1.374977     1.02   0.306    -1.288204    4.101608
         11  |   .6123756    1.34303     0.46   0.648    -2.019914    3.244665
         12  |    .867695   .9269835     0.94   0.349    -.9491593    2.684549
         13  |   1.778455   1.050987     1.69   0.091    -.2814422    3.838352
         14  |  -16.10658   1.062733   -15.16   0.000    -18.18949   -14.02366
         15  |  -1.052437   1.370468    -0.77   0.443    -3.738505    1.633631
         16  |  -16.13715   .8678297   -18.59   0.000    -17.83807   -14.43624
         18  |  -16.01859   .9587337   -16.71   0.000    -17.89767    -14.1395
         19  |  -.8708537   1.297988    -0.67   0.502    -3.414864    1.673156
         20  |   1.004194   .8254076     1.22   0.224     -.613575    2.621963
             |
       _cons |  -3.443706   1.054982    -3.26   0.001    -5.511432    -1.37598
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
7            |
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.7133141   .8587469    -0.83   0.406    -2.396427    .9697989
      female |   1.158905    .591119     1.96   0.050     .0003333    2.317477
   birth_dec |   .1385344   .1680931     0.82   0.410     -.190922    .4679909
       boost |  -.1653857   .3953064    -0.42   0.676    -.9401721    .6094007
  2.edufirst |   15.75871   .5325244    29.59   0.000     14.71498    16.80244
       catho |  -1.455614   .4471628    -3.26   0.001    -2.332037    -.579191
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.4851178   .9453121    -0.51   0.608    -2.337895     1.36766
          3  |   .2477194   .8376976     0.30   0.767    -1.394138    1.889577
          4  |  -16.82989    1.14941   -14.64   0.000    -19.08269   -14.57708
          5  |   1.038905   .9485457     1.10   0.273    -.8202103    2.898021
          6  |  -16.39137   .8176301   -20.05   0.000     -17.9939   -14.78885
          7  |   -16.2375   .9005364   -18.03   0.000    -18.00252   -14.47249
          8  |   .3194753   .9748874     0.33   0.743    -1.591269    2.230219
          9  |  -16.28995   .7885618   -20.66   0.000    -17.83551    -14.7444
         10  |  -17.26579   .9654104   -17.88   0.000    -19.15796   -15.37362
         11  |  -.3196448    1.43218    -0.22   0.823    -3.126667    2.487377
         12  |  -1.204247   1.032059    -1.17   0.243    -3.227045    .8185509
         13  |   .8430095   1.082306     0.78   0.436    -1.278271     2.96429
         14  |  -15.98885   1.050441   -15.22   0.000    -18.04767   -13.93002
         15  |  -.8485074   .7171823    -1.18   0.237    -2.254159    .5571441
         16  |  -1.601152   1.305207    -1.23   0.220    -4.159311    .9570073
         18  |  -.4249882   1.389648    -0.31   0.760    -3.148648    2.298672
         19  |  -16.38201    .812532   -20.16   0.000    -17.97454   -14.78948
         20  |  -16.77497   .9152535   -18.33   0.000    -18.56883   -14.98111
             |
       _cons |  -17.91897   .8746992   -20.49   0.000    -19.63335   -16.20459
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: 1 observation completely determined. Standard errors questionable.

. 
. forvalues i=1(1)7 {
  2. margins i.T, contrast(eff) predict(outcome(`i')) 
  3. }

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 833
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(party==1), predict(outcome(1))

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        8.22     0.0041
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |  -.0489962   .0170867    -2.87   0.004    -.0824855   -.0155068
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 833
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(party==2), predict(outcome(2))

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        1.63     0.2012
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |  -.0411964   .0322287    -1.28   0.201    -.1043635    .0219707
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 833
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(party==3), predict(outcome(3))

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        0.01     0.9071
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |  -.0074968   .0642653    -0.12   0.907    -.1334544    .1184609
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 833
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(party==4), predict(outcome(4))

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1       14.12     0.0002
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |   .0798881   .0212632     3.76   0.000     .0382129    .1215633
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 833
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(party==5), predict(outcome(5))

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        0.01     0.9048
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |   .0027277   .0228164     0.12   0.905    -.0419916    .0474471
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 833
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(party==6), predict(outcome(6))

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        4.50     0.0340
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |   .0346861   .0163593     2.12   0.034     .0026225    .0667496
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Contrasts of predictive margins                            Number of obs = 833
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Pr(party==7), predict(outcome(7))

------------------------------------------------
             |         df        chi2     P>chi2
-------------+----------------------------------
           T |          1        1.97     0.1608
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |   Contrast   std. err.      z    P>|z|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
 (1975/1976  |
         vs  |
      base)  |  -.0196126   .0139844    -1.40   0.161    -.0470215    .0077963
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.1
. 
. ** Rows 1-20
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. sum trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser inst_lt_obj inst_integr inst_transp tru
> st_media trust_fininst trust_police  vote2018 populists  female catho edufirs
> t_2 unemployed south q_corr_2  d_pil_xc d_unemp stragi if country==6

    Variable |        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
  trust_parl |      1,450    3.229655    2.246157          0         10
   trust_gov |      1,449    3.321601    2.356098          0         10
trust_civser |      1,447     4.27367    2.211129          0         10
 inst_lt_obj |      1,366    4.362372    2.285105          0         10
 inst_integr |      1,412    3.988669    2.245685          0         10
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
 inst_transp |      1,419    3.471459    2.239785          0         10
 trust_media |      1,450    3.786897    2.205951          0         10
trust_fini~t |      1,450    3.582759    2.252913          0         10
trust_police |      1,451    5.995865    2.225863          0         10
    vote2018 |      1,056     .844697    .3623649          0          1
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
   populists |        857    .6522754    .4765262          0          1
      female |      1,458    .6570645     .474853          0          1
       catho |      1,460    .7486301    .4339493          0          1
  edufirst_2 |      1,458    .9245542       .2642          0          1
  unemployed |      1,458     .133059     .339755          0          1
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
       south |      1,059    .4863078    .5000486          0          1
    q_corr_2 |      1,033    .4588577    .4985458          0          1
    d_pil_xc |      1,460    1.501702    .6749519   .5530332   2.892408
     d_unemp |      1,033     1.77241     1.70485        -.5        5.2
      stragi |      1,057    .1343425    .3411813          0          1

. 
. stddiff trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser inst_lt_obj inst_integr inst_transp
>  trust_media trust_fininst trust_police  vote2018 populists  female catho edu
> first_2 unemployed south q_corr_2  d_pil_xc d_unemp stragi if country==6, by(
> t_rev) hedgesg

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |         t_rev=0         |         t_rev=1         |
             | Mean or N     SD or (%) | Mean or N     SD or (%) |  Std Diff
-------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------
  trust_parl |     2.898         2.112 |     3.251        2.2536 |   -0.15730
   trust_gov |     2.716        2.1115 |     3.361        2.3664 |   -0.27405
trust_civser |     4.057        2.0531 |     4.288         2.221 |   -0.10437
 inst_lt_obj |     3.929        2.2644 |     4.391        2.2845 |   -0.20233
 inst_integr |     3.643        2.0099 |     4.011        2.2587 |   -0.16371
 inst_transp |     3.153        2.0731 |     3.492        2.2492 |   -0.15123
 trust_media |     3.908        2.1384 |     3.779        2.2107 |    0.05838
trust_fini~t |     3.253        2.0301 |     3.604        2.2654 |   -0.15574
trust_police |     6.148        2.0653 |     5.986        2.2362 |    0.07258
    vote2018 |     .8182        .38865 |     .8465        .36068 |   -0.07797
   populists |     .7547        .43437 |     .6455        .47865 |    0.22916
      female |     .6136        .48971 |     .6599        .47393 |   -0.09727
       catho |     .7841        .41381 |     .7464        .43526 |    0.08690
  edufirst_2 |     .9432        .23282 |     .9234        .26612 |    0.07498
  unemployed |     .1023        .30474 |      .135        .34189 |   -0.09638
       south |     .4776        .50327 |     .4869        .50008 |   -0.01854
    q_corr_2 |     .4308        .49904 |     .4607        .49871 |   -0.06006
    d_pil_xc |     1.486        .73868 |     1.503        .67094 |   -0.02423
     d_unemp |     1.965        1.8332 |      1.76        1.6961 |    0.12022
      stragi |    .07463        .26477 |     .1384        .34548 |   -0.18684
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Rows 21, 22 and 27
. use ${datain}itanes2018.dta, clear

. 
. sum trust_parl trust_part populist 

    Variable |        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
  trust_parl |      2,570    3.442802    2.447748          0         10
  trust_part |      2,570    2.735019    2.279988          0         10
   populists |      1,666     .620048    .4855203          0          1

. stddiff trust_parl trust_part populist, by(t_rev) hedgesg

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |         t_rev=0         |         t_rev=1         |
             | Mean or N     SD or (%) | Mean or N     SD or (%) |  Std Diff
-------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------
  trust_parl |     3.168        2.4748 |     3.457         2.446 |   -0.11799
  trust_part |     2.376        2.2635 |     2.753        2.2798 |   -0.16554
   populists |     .7126        .45515 |     .6149        .48676 |    0.20127
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Rows 23, 25, 26 and 28-34
. use ${datain}itanes1996.dta, clear
( )

. 
. sum ditta pol_int2 pol_int  lega_2 lega_1  an_2 an_1 dc_2 psi_2 abstent

    Variable |        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
       ditta |      2,450    .0991837    .2989695          0          1
    pol_int2 |      2,498    .4767814    .4995606          0          1
     pol_int |      2,501    .7269092    .4456362          0          1
      lega_2 |      2,329    .0678403    .2515256          0          1
      lega_1 |      1,928    .0726141    .2595693          0          1
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
        an_2 |      2,329    .1215114    .3267908          0          1
        an_1 |      1,928     .155083    .3620777          0          1
        dc_2 |      2,329    .0626878    .2424527          0          1
       psi_2 |      2,329    .0193216    .1376823          0          1
     abstent |      2,502    .0479616    .2137278          0          1

. stddiff ditta pol_int pol_int2 lega_2 lega_1  an_2 an_1 dc_2 psi_2 abstent, b
> y(t_rev) hedgesg

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |         t_rev=0         |         t_rev=1         |
             | Mean or N     SD or (%) | Mean or N     SD or (%) |  Std Diff
-------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------
       ditta |     .2062        .40667 |    .09477        .29296 |    0.37345
     pol_int |     .8367        .37151 |     .7224        .44789 |    0.25669
    pol_int2 |     .5306        .50163 |     .4746        .49946 |    0.11213
      lega_2 |    .02041        .14212 |    .06992        .25508 |   -0.19691
      lega_1 |    .02703        .16327 |    .07443        .26255 |   -0.18263
        an_2 |     .1735         .3806 |     .1192        .32413 |    0.16598
        an_1 |     .2568        .43983 |      .151        .35817 |    0.29229
        dc_2 |    .02041        .14212 |    .06455        .24578 |   -0.18207
       psi_2 |    .02041        .14212 |    .01927        .13752 |    0.00823
     abstent |     .2143        .41244 |    .04118        .19875 |    0.81971
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Row 24
. use ${datain}itanes2001.dta, clear
( )

. 
. sum trust_parl

    Variable |        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
  trust_parl |      2,691    2.424006    .7801461          1          4

. stddiff trust_parl, by(t_rev) hedgesg

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |         t_rev=0         |         t_rev=1         |
             | Mean or N     SD or (%) | Mean or N     SD or (%) |  Std Diff
-------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------
  trust_parl |     2.337        .71883 |     2.428        .78243 |   -0.11660
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.2
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. reg trust_parl T female birth_dec boost female catho birth_dec i.edufirst i.c
> ode_region_resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,450
                                                F(25, 46)         =      11.20
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0193
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2438

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3743594   .1131072    -3.31   0.002    -.6020324   -.1466864
      female |  -.0116817   .1338159    -0.09   0.931    -.2810391    .2576756
   birth_dec |  -.0297651   .0460225    -0.65   0.521    -.1224035    .0628734
       boost |    .028019   .1427602     0.20   0.845    -.2593423    .3153803
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .3199882   .1263986     2.53   0.015     .0655611    .5744154
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
  2.edufirst |    .713238   .2177281     3.28   0.002     .2749741    1.151502
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .1746053   1.951384     0.09   0.929    -3.753327    4.102538
          3  |   .0269015   .2553005     0.11   0.917    -.4869918    .5407948
          4  |  -.2311698   .4071134    -0.57   0.573    -1.050647     .588307
          5  |    .089426   .2766536     0.32   0.748    -.4674488    .6463008
          6  |  -.3313146   .4813263    -0.69   0.495    -1.300174     .637545
          7  |  -.0857252   .3980604    -0.22   0.830    -.8869793    .7155289
          8  |  -.3290142   .2808176    -1.17   0.247    -.8942707    .2362424
          9  |  -.3295378   .3605443    -0.91   0.365    -1.055276    .3962003
         10  |   .2935613   .7271326     0.40   0.688    -1.170081    1.757203
         11  |  -.3214527   .3696766    -0.87   0.389    -1.065573    .4226677
         12  |  -.2440716   .3052903    -0.80   0.428    -.8585891    .3704459
         13  |  -.0131284   .5167248    -0.03   0.980    -1.053241    1.026985
         14  |  -.5036283   1.330833    -0.38   0.707    -3.182455    2.175199
         15  |  -.4062231    .312699    -1.30   0.200    -1.035653    .2232073
         16  |   -.000971   .3034624    -0.00   0.997    -.6118092    .6098672
         17  |  -1.793241   .3627233    -4.94   0.000    -2.523365   -1.063117
         18  |  -.0822161   .5151292    -0.16   0.874    -1.119118    .9546852
         19  |   .0916549   .3286383     0.28   0.782    -.5698597    .7531695
         20  |  -.0431497   .3867965    -0.11   0.912    -.8217306    .7354313
             |
       _cons |   2.563054   .3743697     6.85   0.000     1.809487    3.316621
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. ta first if e(sample)

  Cohort of |
 first time |
     voters |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
------------+-----------------------------------
 53-54/1972 |         24        1.66        1.66
 55-58/1976 |         66        4.55        6.21
 59-61/1979 |         86        5.93       12.14
 62-65/1983 |        101        6.97       19.10
 66-69/1987 |        110        7.59       26.69
 70-74/1992 |        191       13.17       39.86
 75-76/1994 |         88        6.07       45.93
 77-78/1996 |         78        5.38       51.31
 79-83/2001 |        192       13.24       64.55
 84-88/2006 |        196       13.52       78.07
 89-90/2008 |         66        4.55       82.62
 91-95/2013 |        172       11.86       94.48
 96-00/2020 |         80        5.52      100.00
------------+-----------------------------------
      Total |      1,450      100.00

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.3 
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser{
  2. 
. reg `var' i.T##i.q_corr_2 catho old1991 lab1991  edu1991  firms1991 female bo
> ost i.edufirst i.code_macroreg_child_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_yea
> r)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,029
                                                F(14, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0248
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2185

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.1220892   .1712267    -0.71   0.480    -.4669575    .2227792
  1.q_corr_2 |   .1384306   .2093301     0.66   0.512    -.2831818     .560043
             |
  T#q_corr_2 |
1975/1976#1  |  -.5310831   .2165864    -2.45   0.018    -.9673104   -.0948557
             |
       catho |   .3567779    .144163     2.47   0.017     .0664186    .6471371
     old1991 |   2.331217   4.499085     0.52   0.607    -6.730405    11.39284
     lab1991 |    .785589   1.528476     0.51   0.610     -2.29292    3.864098
     edu1991 |  -15.85273   18.46596    -0.86   0.395    -53.04508    21.33962
   firms1991 |   -6.82445   9.722457    -0.70   0.486    -26.40648    12.75758
      female |   .0714251   .1810414     0.39   0.695    -.2932111    .4360613
       boost |  -.0711842    .135892    -0.52   0.603    -.3448847    .2025162
  2.edufirst |    .903321   .2639903     3.42   0.001     .3716172    1.435025
             |
code_macro~t |
 North-East  |  -.2228752   .2696234    -0.83   0.413    -.7659245    .3201741
     Center  |  -.2561183   .3204602    -0.80   0.428    -.9015584    .3893217
      South  |   -.228338   .4755174    -0.48   0.633    -1.186079    .7294032
    Islands  |  -.2070602   .6112703    -0.34   0.736    -1.438222    1.024101
             |
       _cons |    2.81455   1.124135     2.50   0.016     .5504262    5.078674
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,029
                                                F(14, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0303
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3477

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.5603633   .1626542    -3.45   0.001    -.8879657   -.2327608
  1.q_corr_2 |   .1095619    .198299     0.55   0.583    -.2898328    .5089565
             |
  T#q_corr_2 |
1975/1976#1  |  -.3295519   .1830494    -1.80   0.079    -.6982323    .0391286
             |
       catho |   .4525911   .1482819     3.05   0.004      .153936    .7512462
     old1991 |   5.208638   4.814493     1.08   0.285    -4.488249    14.90552
     lab1991 |   .8064978   1.621349     0.50   0.621    -2.459067    4.072063
     edu1991 |  -11.33317   18.74574    -0.60   0.548    -49.08903    26.42268
   firms1991 |  -6.876851   9.862559    -0.70   0.489    -26.74106    12.98736
      female |  -.2182131   .1852771    -1.18   0.245    -.5913804    .1549542
       boost |   .0280076   .1410688     0.20   0.844    -.2561195    .3121347
  2.edufirst |   .8482462   .3130276     2.71   0.009     .2177762    1.478716
             |
code_macro~t |
 North-East  |  -.3132008    .274733    -1.14   0.260    -.8665415      .24014
     Center  |  -.4193128   .3196508    -1.31   0.196    -1.063123    .2244969
      South  |  -.1895257   .4767663    -0.40   0.693    -1.149782     .770731
    Islands  |  -.1886652   .6165261    -0.31   0.761    -1.430412    1.053082
             |
       _cons |   2.788542   1.151185     2.42   0.020     .4699353    5.107148
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,027
                                                F(14, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0292
                                                Root MSE          =     2.1833

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.2477532   .1559338    -1.59   0.119    -.5618201    .0663136
  1.q_corr_2 |   .2218956   .2023755     1.10   0.279    -.1857096    .6295007
             |
  T#q_corr_2 |
1975/1976#1  |  -.6671995   .3711376    -1.80   0.079    -1.414709      .08031
             |
       catho |   .3823061   .1570986     2.43   0.019     .0658932    .6987189
     old1991 |   .0704921   4.774012     0.01   0.988    -9.544862    9.685847
     lab1991 |  -1.949723   1.603045    -1.22   0.230    -5.178422    1.278976
     edu1991 |  -1.002662   22.79134    -0.04   0.965    -46.90677    44.90144
   firms1991 |  -2.863315   9.076547    -0.32   0.754    -21.14442    15.41779
      female |  -.0959335   .1904077    -0.50   0.617    -.4794342    .2875672
       boost |  -.1787095   .1258399    -1.42   0.162    -.4321642    .0747451
  2.edufirst |   .5173191   .2602453     1.99   0.053    -.0068419     1.04148
             |
code_macro~t |
 North-East  |  -.2394878   .2464711    -0.97   0.336     -.735906    .2569304
     Center  |  -.5794328    .301792    -1.92   0.061    -1.187273    .0284075
      South  |   -.715985   .4626458    -1.55   0.129    -1.647802    .2158316
    Islands  |  -.4229713   .5971597    -0.71   0.482    -1.625713    .7797701
             |
       _cons |   4.774584   1.286378     3.71   0.001     2.183685    7.365483
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.4
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in inst_lt_obj inst_integr inst_transp trust_media trust_fininst 
> trust_police   {
  2.         
. reg `var' T female birth_dec  boost i.edufirst catho i.code_region_resid_ista
> t if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,366
                                                F(25, 46)         =      19.75
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0273
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2746

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
 inst_lt_obj | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   -.481255   .0777355    -6.19   0.000    -.6377284   -.3247815
      female |    .157141   .1485414     1.06   0.296    -.1418574    .4561394
   birth_dec |   .0235374   .0603408     0.39   0.698    -.0979224    .1449972
       boost |   .0763882   .1545128     0.49   0.623      -.23463    .3874063
  2.edufirst |    .065256   .3043937     0.21   0.831    -.5474568    .6779688
       catho |   .1370157   .1815031     0.75   0.454     -.228331    .5023624
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   1.686312    .301348     5.60   0.000      1.07973    2.292894
          3  |  -.3064189   .2633032    -1.16   0.251    -.8364207    .2235828
          4  |  -1.315342   .6233987    -2.11   0.040    -2.570178   -.0605055
          5  |  -.3283283   .3135001    -1.05   0.300    -.9593714    .3027147
          6  |  -.3184463   .5778308    -0.55   0.584    -1.481559    .8446668
          7  |  -.1007484   .3657988    -0.28   0.784    -.8370632    .6355665
          8  |  -.6108284   .2934076    -2.08   0.043    -1.201427   -.0202294
          9  |  -.8783342   .3493933    -2.51   0.016    -1.581627   -.1750419
         10  |   1.168229   .8561719     1.36   0.179    -.5551559    2.891613
         11  |  -.8182315   .4552259    -1.80   0.079    -1.734554    .0980907
         12  |  -.7980356   .3023276    -2.64   0.011     -1.40659   -.1894818
         13  |  -.0235225     .47376    -0.05   0.961    -.9771519     .930107
         14  |  -.8061603   1.038637    -0.78   0.442    -2.896828    1.284507
         15  |  -.6973813   .2680262    -2.60   0.012     -1.23689   -.1578726
         16  |  -.4353171   .2984721    -1.46   0.152     -1.03611    .1654759
         17  |  -.6701759   .6110397    -1.10   0.278    -1.900135    .5597832
         18  |  -.4671851    .442136    -1.06   0.296    -1.357159    .4227886
         19  |  -.0519289   .2986128    -0.17   0.863    -.6530053    .5491474
         20  |  -.8934405   .4192197    -2.13   0.038    -1.737286    -.049595
             |
       _cons |    4.46901   .3923487    11.39   0.000     3.679253    5.258767
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,412
                                                F(25, 46)         =      12.10
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0228
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2399

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
 inst_integr | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.4419918   .1379453    -3.20   0.002    -.7196612   -.1643223
      female |  -.2380799   .1415093    -1.68   0.099    -.5229233    .0467635
   birth_dec |  -.0401751   .0496355    -0.81   0.422    -.1400862     .059736
       boost |    .149016   .1533681     0.97   0.336     -.159698    .4577299
  2.edufirst |   .3770025   .2905223     1.30   0.201    -.2077885    .9617935
       catho |   .2745159   .1270707     2.16   0.036     .0187359    .5302959
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   3.122978   .4397132     7.10   0.000     2.237881    4.008075
          3  |  -.1906904   .2712326    -0.70   0.486    -.7366533    .3552725
          4  |  -.4261371    .589043    -0.72   0.473    -1.611819    .7595449
          5  |  -.1670137   .2848866    -0.59   0.561    -.7404607    .4064332
          6  |  -.1953465   .4483223    -0.44   0.665    -1.097772    .7070795
          7  |  -.0671016    .382133    -0.18   0.861    -.8362955    .7020923
          8  |  -.7127069   .3056883    -2.33   0.024    -1.328025   -.0973883
          9  |  -.6673379   .3600004    -1.85   0.070    -1.391981    .0573052
         10  |  -.0650493   .6244893    -0.10   0.917    -1.322081    1.191982
         11  |  -.7771892   .4703498    -1.65   0.105    -1.723954    .1695759
         12  |  -.4051932   .2879587    -1.41   0.166     -.984824    .1744376
         13  |  -.8303195   .4301476    -1.93   0.060    -1.696162    .0355228
         14  |  -.5666774   .9397861    -0.60   0.549    -2.458369    1.325014
         15  |  -.5493262   .2719471    -2.02   0.049    -1.096727   -.0019251
         16  |  -.3462205    .301713    -1.15   0.257    -.9535373    .2610962
         17  |  -.1198238   .6058771    -0.20   0.844    -1.339391    1.099744
         18  |  -.9477935   .4842822    -1.96   0.056    -1.922603    .0270159
         19  |  -.2046248      .3078    -0.66   0.509    -.8241942    .4149445
         20  |  -.5186127   .4601133    -1.13   0.266    -1.444773    .4075474
             |
       _cons |   4.067994   .3722544    10.93   0.000     3.318685    4.817303
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,419
                                                F(25, 46)         =      26.80
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0257
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2305

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
 inst_transp | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3909532   .0718959    -5.44   0.000    -.5356722   -.2462342
      female |  -.2253724   .1453342    -1.55   0.128    -.5179149      .06717
   birth_dec |  -.0219208   .0540709    -0.41   0.687      -.13076    .0869184
       boost |   .1019501    .139311     0.73   0.468    -.1784683    .3823685
  2.edufirst |   .3608856   .2624323     1.38   0.176    -.1673631    .8891344
       catho |   .3248396   .1387717     2.34   0.024     .0455067    .6041725
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   2.592605   .4836731     5.36   0.000     1.619022    3.566189
          3  |  -.3757928   .2794504    -1.34   0.185    -.9382974    .1867118
          4  |  -1.165063   .4348263    -2.68   0.010    -2.040323   -.2898029
          5  |  -.0710108   .2892649    -0.25   0.807    -.6532709    .5112492
          6  |  -.3737374   .5320299    -0.70   0.486    -1.444658    .6971833
          7  |  -.5348947   .4209878    -1.27   0.210    -1.382299    .3125097
          8  |  -.6516451   .2866659    -2.27   0.028    -1.228674   -.0746165
          9  |    -.69138   .3792808    -1.82   0.075    -1.454833    .0720726
         10  |   .1146256   .6975503     0.16   0.870     -1.28947    1.518721
         11  |  -1.059677   .4064777    -2.61   0.012    -1.877874     -.24148
         12  |  -.5836857   .3295492    -1.77   0.083    -1.247034    .0796624
         13  |  -.6300764   .5913368    -1.07   0.292    -1.820376    .5602229
         14  |   .3828895   .9009386     0.42   0.673    -1.430606    2.196385
         15  |  -.6774001   .3180537    -2.13   0.039    -1.317609   -.0371911
         16  |  -.3632027   .3005815    -1.21   0.233    -.9682419    .2418365
         17  |  -.7216368   1.360946    -0.53   0.598    -3.461079    2.017805
         18  |  -.6597747   .4585122    -1.44   0.157    -1.582712    .2631624
         19  |  -.0396889   .2985998    -0.13   0.895     -.640739    .5613613
         20  |  -.5502655   .4217505    -1.30   0.198    -1.399205    .2986742
             |
       _cons |   3.533484   .4096771     8.63   0.000     2.708846    4.358121
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,450
                                                F(25, 46)         =      22.62
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0390
                                                Root MSE          =     2.1814

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
 trust_media | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0162644   .2345368     0.07   0.945    -.4558336    .4883624
      female |  -.0418803   .1589134    -0.26   0.793    -.3617565    .2779958
   birth_dec |  -.1027209   .0582358    -1.76   0.084    -.2199434    .0145017
       boost |  -.0036488   .1353298    -0.03   0.979    -.2760535    .2687559
  2.edufirst |   .3024531   .2336016     1.29   0.202    -.1677625    .7726688
       catho |   .5490543   .1396958     3.93   0.000     .2678612    .8302473
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   1.867294   1.218776     1.53   0.132    -.5859746    4.320562
          3  |   .1047125   .2425448     0.43   0.668    -.3835047    .5929298
          4  |  -.8458582    .515037    -1.64   0.107    -1.882574    .1908576
          5  |   -.077152   .2837165    -0.27   0.787    -.6482438    .4939397
          6  |  -.2789366    .494871    -0.56   0.576     -1.27506     .717187
          7  |   -.170077   .3919946    -0.43   0.666    -.9591213    .6189672
          8  |  -.5751853    .302345    -1.90   0.063    -1.183774    .0334037
          9  |  -.0430048    .327807    -0.13   0.896    -.7028461    .6168366
         10  |   .3686743   .7311707     0.50   0.617    -1.103096    1.840445
         11  |  -.6580291   .4287783    -1.53   0.132    -1.521115    .2050569
         12  |  -.3202923   .2751088    -1.16   0.250    -.8740576     .233473
         13  |   -.324493   .4271582    -0.76   0.451    -1.184318    .5353319
         14  |   .7543438   1.069075     0.71   0.484    -1.397592    2.906279
         15  |   .0046838    .274755     0.02   0.986    -.5483694    .5577371
         16  |   .3702505   .3129482     1.18   0.243    -.2596815    1.000182
         17  |    1.05239   .2836986     3.71   0.001     .4813342    1.623445
         18  |   .1067752   .4212943     0.25   0.801    -.7412462    .9547965
         19  |   .5212338    .304097     1.71   0.093    -.0908817    1.133349
         20  |    .074303   .3831289     0.19   0.847    -.6968955    .8455014
             |
       _cons |   3.489374   .3457927    10.09   0.000     2.793329    4.185419
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,450
                                                F(25, 46)         =       6.40
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0426
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2237

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_fini~t | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3575117    .323646    -1.10   0.275    -1.008977     .293954
      female |  -.0219571   .1418396    -0.15   0.878    -.3074654    .2635511
   birth_dec |   .1176708   .0585711     2.01   0.050    -.0002266    .2355682
       boost |   .0883615   .1515739     0.58   0.563     -.216741    .3934639
  2.edufirst |   .7175594   .2420631     2.96   0.005     .2303117    1.204807
       catho |   .4106904   .1270341     3.23   0.002      .154984    .6663969
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |    1.58092   .7230558     2.19   0.034     .1254842    3.036356
          3  |   .1129172   .2761679     0.41   0.685    -.4429799    .6688142
          4  |  -.9324567   .5932734    -1.57   0.123    -2.126654    .2617407
          5  |    .021347   .3281702     0.07   0.948    -.6392255    .6819194
          6  |  -.1507359   .5762851    -0.26   0.795    -1.310738    1.009266
          7  |  -.2135405   .4176042    -0.51   0.612    -1.054134    .6270532
          8  |  -.7265013   .3283366    -2.21   0.032    -1.387409   -.0655941
          9  |  -.5909919   .3774971    -1.57   0.124    -1.350854    .1688703
         10  |   -.962791    .619086    -1.56   0.127    -2.208947    .2833646
         11  |  -.6338867    .373548    -1.70   0.096      -1.3858    .1180264
         12  |  -.4894257   .3541189    -1.38   0.174     -1.20223    .2233788
         13  |  -.1299016   .4317286    -0.30   0.765    -.9989261    .7391229
         14  |  -.0195709   1.072579    -0.02   0.986     -2.17856    2.139419
         15  |  -.5014768    .268633    -1.87   0.068    -1.042207    .0392534
         16  |  -.2113908   .3396705    -0.62   0.537    -.8951121    .4723305
         17  |  -.8316745    .701699    -1.19   0.242    -2.244121    .5807723
         18  |  -.8810771   .4816521    -1.83   0.074    -1.850593    .0884383
         19  |   .1102542   .3382038     0.33   0.746    -.5705147     .791023
         20  |  -.7916656   .3976037    -1.99   0.052       -1.592    .0086691
             |
       _cons |    2.49229   .4322166     5.77   0.000     1.622283    3.362297
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,451
                                                F(25, 46)         =      26.10
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0769
                                                Root MSE          =     2.1573

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_police | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0551279   .1940106     0.28   0.778    -.3353951    .4456509
      female |   -.355279   .1303467    -2.73   0.009    -.6176533   -.0929046
   birth_dec |  -.2322188    .054227    -4.28   0.000     -.341372   -.1230656
       boost |   .1942351   .1499437     1.30   0.202    -.1075859    .4960561
  2.edufirst |   -.058057   .2504923    -0.23   0.818    -.5622718    .4461578
       catho |   .9113124   .1347386     6.76   0.000     .6400977    1.182527
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   2.122169   .8257266     2.57   0.013     .4600676     3.78427
          3  |  -.0415719    .232296    -0.18   0.859    -.5091596    .4260157
          4  |  -.5773578    .461611    -1.25   0.217    -1.506533    .3518169
          5  |   .2973748   .2548721     1.17   0.249     -.215656    .8104057
          6  |  -.0523411   .4725934    -0.11   0.912    -1.003622      .89894
          7  |  -.3381149    .376031    -0.90   0.373    -1.095026    .4187963
          8  |  -.4844273   .2554344    -1.90   0.064    -.9985901    .0297356
          9  |  -.7261491   .3198739    -2.27   0.028    -1.370022   -.0822764
         10  |   .5248312   .5336714     0.98   0.331    -.5493936    1.599056
         11  |  -.4741913   .3798966    -1.25   0.218    -1.238884    .2905009
         12  |  -.1533699   .2157306    -0.71   0.481    -.5876131    .2808734
         13  |   .0034543   .3615601     0.01   0.992    -.7243284    .7312369
         14  |  -2.297912   1.792175    -1.28   0.206    -5.905373    1.309548
         15  |  -.6522103   .2731783    -2.39   0.021     -1.20209   -.1023309
         16  |  -.0605907   .2782652    -0.22   0.829    -.6207096    .4995281
         17  |  -1.202404     .24226    -4.96   0.000    -1.690048   -.7147595
         18  |  -.0897347   .3642428    -0.25   0.806    -.8229174    .6434479
         19  |  -.0000128   .2789545    -0.00   1.000    -.5615191    .5614935
         20  |  -.2606756   .3919779    -0.67   0.509    -1.049686    .5283349
             |
       _cons |   6.489629   .3282116    19.77   0.000     5.828973    7.150285
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. *************** Table A.5
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in income_ln unemployed public_sec info_tv info_internet o_mean c
> _mean e_mean a_mean n_mean {
  2.         
. reg `var' 1.T birth_dec boost female catho i.edufirst i.code_region_resid_ist
> at if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,312
                                                F(25, 46)         =      12.95
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.1616
                                                Root MSE          =     1.6754

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   income_ln | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .2263126   .1639575     1.38   0.174    -.1037166    .5563418
   birth_dec |  -.4489808   .0756944    -5.93   0.000    -.6013457   -.2966159
       boost |   .2545149   .1232114     2.07   0.045     .0065033    .5025265
      female |  -.6621532   .1175918    -5.63   0.000    -.8988532   -.4254531
       catho |   .0989357   .1057154     0.94   0.354    -.1138584    .3117298
  2.edufirst |   .6017643   .1549571     3.88   0.000     .2898519    .9136767
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   1.090939   .8167719     1.34   0.188    -.5531378    2.735015
          3  |   .1902675   .2230992     0.85   0.398     -.258808     .639343
          4  |   .1810663   .3971956     0.46   0.651     -.618447    .9805795
          5  |   .2045791   .2276939     0.90   0.374    -.2537449     .662903
          6  |   -.237609   .3093434    -0.77   0.446     -.860285     .385067
          7  |  -.2071575   .2988487    -0.69   0.492    -.8087088    .3943938
          8  |   .2775245   .2182066     1.27   0.210    -.1617027    .7167516
          9  |   .0812467   .2846895     0.29   0.777    -.4918036    .6542969
         10  |   .1470463    .408971     0.36   0.721    -.6761696    .9702622
         11  |   .4447606   .2895157     1.54   0.131    -.1380043    1.027525
         12  |   -.043685   .2562455    -0.17   0.865    -.5594804    .4721104
         13  |  -.0208363    .342565    -0.06   0.952    -.7103838    .6687112
         14  |  -1.973721   1.112744    -1.77   0.083    -4.213558    .2661165
         15  |  -.6642858   .2517787    -2.64   0.011     -1.17109   -.1574815
         16  |  -.4488008   .2519108    -1.78   0.081    -.9558709    .0582694
         17  |  -1.266084   .8972801    -1.41   0.165    -3.072215    .5400473
         18  |  -.6484148   .3676322    -1.76   0.084     -1.38842    .0915905
         19  |  -.5296007   .3069908    -1.73   0.091    -1.147541    .0883399
         20  |  -1.251298   .3673698    -3.41   0.001    -1.990775   -.5118206
             |
       _cons |   10.10838   .2825738    35.77   0.000     9.539587    10.67717
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,458
                                                F(25, 46)         =      10.37
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0310
                                                Root MSE          =     .33736

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  unemployed | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.0333005   .0233137    -1.43   0.160    -.0802285    .0136275
   birth_dec |   .0132716   .0076076     1.74   0.088    -.0020417    .0285849
       boost |  -.0134281   .0268582    -0.50   0.619     -.067491    .0406347
      female |      .0245   .0228655     1.07   0.290    -.0215258    .0705259
       catho |  -.0045627   .0225634    -0.20   0.841    -.0499805    .0408552
  2.edufirst |  -.0573606   .0310826    -1.85   0.071    -.1199266    .0052054
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.0846334   .0333157    -2.54   0.015    -.1516945   -.0175724
          3  |   .0091976   .0334307     0.28   0.784    -.0580949    .0764902
          4  |   .1480173   .1039647     1.42   0.161    -.0612528    .3572874
          5  |    .009539   .0389432     0.24   0.808    -.0688497    .0879277
          6  |   .1415204   .0655278     2.16   0.036     .0096198    .2734209
          7  |   .1336421   .0679163     1.97   0.055    -.0030663    .2703505
          8  |   .0243453   .0418481     0.58   0.564    -.0598905    .1085811
          9  |   .0054728   .0432154     0.13   0.900    -.0815153    .0924608
         10  |   .1867345   .1260637     1.48   0.145    -.0670185    .4404875
         11  |   .0642319   .0690118     0.93   0.357    -.0746816    .2031455
         12  |   .0386888   .0400727     0.97   0.339    -.0419733     .119351
         13  |  -.0530324   .0397366    -1.33   0.189    -.1330181    .0269533
         14  |   .1803696   .2210095     0.82   0.419    -.2644996    .6252387
         15  |   .0613091   .0450781     1.36   0.180    -.0294283    .1520466
         16  |   .1137561   .0458538     2.48   0.017     .0214572     .206055
         17  |   .4219698   .3433166     1.23   0.225    -.2690906     1.11303
         18  |   .1630172   .0705243     2.31   0.025     .0210591    .3049752
         19  |   .0971809   .0523707     1.86   0.070    -.0082358    .2025977
         20  |   .1205272   .0665751     1.81   0.077    -.0134814    .2545359
             |
       _cons |   .0856531   .0461064     1.86   0.070    -.0071544    .1784605
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,458
                                                F(25, 46)         =       6.15
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0492
                                                Root MSE          =     .35349

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  public_sec | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .0091642   .0400174     0.23   0.820    -.0713865     .089715
   birth_dec |   -.053601   .0080031    -6.70   0.000    -.0697104   -.0374916
       boost |   .0150334    .024469     0.61   0.542    -.0342202     .064287
      female |  -.0640702   .0294632    -2.17   0.035    -.1233765   -.0047639
       catho |   .0075488   .0223964     0.34   0.738    -.0375329    .0526305
  2.edufirst |   .0748119   .0360491     2.08   0.044     .0022488    .1473749
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .4072201   .4103001     0.99   0.326    -.4186711    1.233111
          3  |   .0165676   .0402166     0.41   0.682    -.0643843    .0975195
          4  |   .0804572   .0935827     0.86   0.394    -.1079151    .2688294
          5  |   .0406623   .0363398     1.12   0.269    -.0324859    .1138105
          6  |   .1101334   .0662366     1.66   0.103    -.0231939    .2434607
          7  |   .0798015   .0721673     1.11   0.275    -.0654637    .2250668
          8  |   .0645944   .0417572     1.55   0.129    -.0194586    .1486474
          9  |   .0189404   .0517615     0.37   0.716    -.0852501    .1231309
         10  |   .0813574   .1167774     0.70   0.490    -.1537033    .3164182
         11  |   .1141368   .0772123     1.48   0.146    -.0412835    .2695572
         12  |  -.0000732   .0442118    -0.00   0.999    -.0890668    .0889205
         13  |   .1004818   .0596712     1.68   0.099      -.01963    .2205935
         14  |  -.1490142   .0591799    -2.52   0.015    -.2681373   -.0298912
         15  |   .0645574    .041658     1.55   0.128    -.0192958    .1484105
         16  |   .0408318   .0431213     0.95   0.349    -.0459668    .1276304
         17  |  -.0883851   .0466873    -1.89   0.065    -.1823618    .0055916
         18  |    .020813   .0586834     0.35   0.724    -.0973104    .1389365
         19  |   .0365629   .0442414     0.83   0.413    -.0524905    .1256163
         20  |   .0846995   .0600541     1.41   0.165    -.0361832    .2055822
             |
       _cons |    .253116   .0590181     4.29   0.000     .1343188    .3719133
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,458
                                                F(25, 46)         =     149.30
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0601
                                                Root MSE          =     .81858

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     info_tv | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   -.015559   .0903826    -0.17   0.864    -.1974897    .1663718
   birth_dec |  -.0626355    .020102    -3.12   0.003    -.1030987   -.0221724
       boost |    .040574   .0559576     0.73   0.472    -.0720628    .1532108
      female |   .0547699   .0539035     1.02   0.315    -.0537323     .163272
       catho |   .3490885   .0487208     7.17   0.000     .2510186    .4471583
  2.edufirst |  -.0092801   .1074839    -0.09   0.932     -.225634    .2070737
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .5489537   .4680303     1.17   0.247    -.3931426     1.49105
          3  |   .0089013   .1021643     0.09   0.931    -.1967448    .2145474
          4  |  -.3927885   .1549541    -2.53   0.015    -.7046949   -.0808821
          5  |  -.0802208   .0968188    -0.83   0.412    -.2751069    .1146654
          6  |  -.0891806   .1482176    -0.60   0.550    -.3875271    .2091659
          7  |   .0425072   .1209702     0.35   0.727    -.2009931    .2860075
          8  |  -.0816052   .1391641    -0.59   0.560    -.3617281    .1985176
          9  |   .0651264   .1315774     0.49   0.623    -.1997251     .329978
         10  |   -.169756   .2800397    -0.61   0.547    -.7334467    .3939347
         11  |  -.1683837   .1629108    -1.03   0.307     -.496306    .1595387
         12  |  -.0377233   .1239355    -0.30   0.762    -.2871925    .2117458
         13  |  -.0437106   .1552246    -0.28   0.780    -.3561615    .2687403
         14  |   .1012688   .4173027     0.24   0.809    -.7387181    .9412556
         15  |   .1374188   .0984355     1.40   0.169    -.0607216    .3355592
         16  |   .1553843   .1146932     1.35   0.182    -.0754811    .3862497
         17  |   .8437732   .1060715     7.95   0.000     .6302624    1.057284
         18  |   .1073753   .1269266     0.85   0.402    -.1481147    .3628652
         19  |   .0428664    .108736     0.39   0.695    -.1760078    .2617406
         20  |   .0816006   .1268759     0.64   0.523    -.1737873    .3369886
             |
       _cons |   1.988652   .1371058    14.50   0.000     1.712673    2.264632
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,458
                                                F(25, 46)         =      79.64
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0243
                                                Root MSE          =     .69003

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
info_inter~t | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.0181333   .0862093    -0.21   0.834    -.1916636    .1553969
   birth_dec |   .0352423   .0142427     2.47   0.017     .0065731    .0639114
       boost |   .0027876   .0381135     0.07   0.942    -.0739309     .079506
      female |   .0184607   .0370477     0.50   0.621    -.0561125    .0930339
       catho |   .0018573   .0404593     0.05   0.964     -.079583    .0832977
  2.edufirst |   .2470867   .0741783     3.33   0.002     .0977735       .3964
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.3985741   .0817086    -4.88   0.000    -.5630451   -.2341032
          3  |   .0314167   .0834094     0.38   0.708    -.1364776     .199311
          4  |  -.0835588   .1926838    -0.43   0.667    -.4714112    .3042936
          5  |    .037796    .103495     0.37   0.717    -.1705287    .2461207
          6  |   .0274021   .1062352     0.26   0.798    -.1864383    .2412424
          7  |   .0496017   .1259554     0.39   0.696    -.2039333    .3031367
          8  |   .0417206   .0981785     0.42   0.673    -.1559024    .2393436
          9  |   .0848638   .1075023     0.79   0.434    -.1315272    .3012548
         10  |  -.1149998   .3965472    -0.29   0.773    -.9132079    .6832084
         11  |   .0823746   .1512758     0.54   0.589    -.2221278     .386877
         12  |   .1064876   .0860282     1.24   0.222    -.0666782    .2796535
         13  |   .0801546   .1388174     0.58   0.566    -.1992703    .3595795
         14  |   .1322409   .2429326     0.54   0.589    -.3567571     .621239
         15  |   .1626374   .0939695     1.73   0.090    -.0265134    .3517882
         16  |   .1075993   .0963851     1.12   0.270    -.0864139    .3016125
         17  |   .6193484   .0780613     7.93   0.000     .4622191    .7764778
         18  |   .1945739   .1042456     1.87   0.068    -.0152616    .4044093
         19  |  -.0122907    .101134    -0.12   0.904    -.2158629    .1912816
         20  |   .0335702   .1079067     0.31   0.757    -.1836347     .250775
             |
       _cons |   1.998966   .1140759    17.52   0.000     1.769343    2.228588
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,437
                                                F(25, 46)         =      21.56
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0527
                                                Root MSE          =     .75182

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      o_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.1070552    .088222    -1.21   0.231    -.2846368    .0705264
   birth_dec |   -.020891   .0184255    -1.13   0.263    -.0579795    .0161976
       boost |  -.0321368   .0528999    -0.61   0.547    -.1386188    .0743453
      female |   .1213384   .0493616     2.46   0.018     .0219786    .2206981
       catho |  -.2206736   .0375557    -5.88   0.000    -.2962692    -.145078
  2.edufirst |   .2597978   .0762688     3.41   0.001     .1062767    .4133189
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .5351922   .3344265     1.60   0.116    -.1379733    1.208358
          3  |   -.052094   .0925151    -0.56   0.576    -.2383173    .1341293
          4  |   .1557112   .2369296     0.66   0.514    -.3212035    .6326258
          5  |   .1150444   .1059301     1.09   0.283    -.0981818    .3282707
          6  |  -.1904993    .171862    -1.11   0.273    -.5364396    .1554411
          7  |    .061486   .1433203     0.43   0.670    -.2270027    .3499748
          8  |   .0568731    .107475     0.53   0.599    -.1594629    .2732092
          9  |  -.0550474   .1070633    -0.51   0.610    -.2705547    .1604598
         10  |   .1827858   .1450439     1.26   0.214    -.1091724     .474744
         11  |  -.2473625   .1484679    -1.67   0.102     -.546213    .0514879
         12  |   .0083278    .087102     0.10   0.924    -.1669995     .183655
         13  |  -.0495794   .1302498    -0.38   0.705    -.3117587    .2125998
         14  |  -.3478388    .327035    -1.06   0.293    -1.006126    .3104486
         15  |      .3296    .090127     3.66   0.001     .1481837    .5110163
         16  |   .0594478   .1079357     0.55   0.584    -.1578155    .2767111
         17  |  -.7214597   .1484053    -4.86   0.000    -1.020184   -.4227352
         18  |   .1254489   .1496046     0.84   0.406    -.1756895    .4265874
         19  |   .0719689   .1244622     0.58   0.566    -.1785606    .3224983
         20  |     .10744   .1327708     0.81   0.423    -.1598136    .3746937
             |
       _cons |   3.520977   .1442858    24.40   0.000     3.230544    3.811409
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,440
                                                F(25, 46)         =       5.55
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0296
                                                Root MSE          =     .56403

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      c_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .0008538   .0847389     0.01   0.992    -.1697169    .1714245
   birth_dec |  -.0163203    .013211    -1.24   0.223    -.0429127     .010272
       boost |   .0644734   .0348907     1.85   0.071    -.0057579    .1347048
      female |   .0687326   .0360305     1.91   0.063    -.0037931    .1412582
       catho |  -.0427927   .0312596    -1.37   0.178     -.105715    .0201296
  2.edufirst |    .037117   .0680367     0.55   0.588    -.0998337    .1740678
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.0229541   .3862683    -0.06   0.953    -.8004719    .7545637
          3  |  -.0803622   .0677558    -1.19   0.242    -.2167476    .0560232
          4  |  -.2107146   .1488441    -1.42   0.164    -.5103222     .088893
          5  |   -.065217   .0699003    -0.93   0.356    -.2059191    .0754851
          6  |  -.0242595   .1000037    -0.24   0.809    -.2255566    .1770375
          7  |  -.2842823   .1058523    -2.69   0.010     -.497352   -.0712126
          8  |   .0488892    .070215     0.70   0.490    -.0924462    .1902247
          9  |  -.0571168   .0695132    -0.82   0.416    -.1970396     .082806
         10  |   .0843974   .1698651     0.50   0.622    -.2575233     .426318
         11  |   .1695342   .0913851     1.86   0.070    -.0144144    .3534829
         12  |  -.0867977   .0735582    -1.18   0.244    -.2348627    .0612672
         13  |  -.0338654   .0974676    -0.35   0.730    -.2300575    .1623267
         14  |  -.7304966   .2403607    -3.04   0.004    -1.214318   -.2466756
         15  |  -.0475455   .0838999    -0.57   0.574    -.2164273    .1213363
         16  |  -.0170507   .0815688    -0.21   0.835    -.1812402    .1471388
         17  |  -.0122745   .6236643    -0.02   0.984    -1.267646    1.243097
         18  |  -.1142144   .0927192    -1.23   0.224    -.3008484    .0724196
         19  |  -.1304376   .0871259    -1.50   0.141    -.3058131    .0449378
         20  |  -.0909279   .1185139    -0.77   0.447     -.329484    .1476283
             |
       _cons |   3.839245   .1091037    35.19   0.000     3.619631     4.05886
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,453
                                                F(25, 46)         =      52.27
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0427
                                                Root MSE          =     .58066

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      e_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.0007571   .0566795    -0.01   0.989    -.1148471    .1133329
   birth_dec |  -.0399045   .0128413    -3.11   0.003    -.0657526   -.0140564
       boost |  -.0018201   .0467235    -0.04   0.969    -.0958695    .0922294
      female |   .0863765   .0389914     2.22   0.032     .0078909    .1648621
       catho |   .0497701   .0342274     1.45   0.153    -.0191262    .1186663
  2.edufirst |   .0270174   .0595004     0.45   0.652    -.0927507    .1467855
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .4742166   .1590837     2.98   0.005     .1539978    .7944354
          3  |   .0450545   .0543064     0.83   0.411    -.0642586    .1543677
          4  |  -.2369729   .1325661    -1.79   0.080    -.5038147    .0298689
          5  |   .0482945   .0859377     0.56   0.577    -.1246891     .221278
          6  |   .0906069   .1056906     0.86   0.396    -.1221373    .3033512
          7  |   .1037798   .1141628     0.91   0.368     -.126018    .3335776
          8  |    .060393   .0788566     0.77   0.448    -.0983372    .2191231
          9  |   .0048028   .0715429     0.07   0.947    -.1392057    .1488113
         10  |   .0664634   .2307301     0.29   0.775    -.3979722    .5308991
         11  |  -.1017917    .094681    -1.08   0.288    -.2923747    .0887913
         12  |   .0459153   .0681163     0.67   0.504    -.0911957    .1830262
         13  |  -.0334824    .103109    -0.32   0.747      -.24103    .1740652
         14  |   .2738757   .3115641     0.88   0.384    -.3532704    .9010218
         15  |   .3315959   .0677212     4.90   0.000     .1952802    .4679115
         16  |   .0820555   .0671783     1.22   0.228    -.0531673    .2172783
         17  |  -.4476738   .0652381    -6.86   0.000    -.5789914   -.3163562
         18  |   .2186827   .1338007     1.63   0.109    -.0506441    .4880094
         19  |   .1293125   .0717494     1.80   0.078    -.0151115    .2737365
         20  |   .1029813   .0958663     1.07   0.288    -.0899875    .2959501
             |
       _cons |   3.424554   .0771046    44.41   0.000      3.26935    3.579758
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,446
                                                F(25, 46)         =       5.59
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0168
                                                Root MSE          =     .50511

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      a_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |     -.0454   .0264377    -1.72   0.093    -.0986164    .0078163
   birth_dec |   .0219026    .009604     2.28   0.027     .0025707    .0412344
       boost |  -.0098601   .0312496    -0.32   0.754    -.0727622     .053042
      female |  -.0150065   .0290573    -0.52   0.608    -.0734959    .0434828
       catho |   .0088975   .0272425     0.33   0.745    -.0459388    .0637338
  2.edufirst |  -.0369613    .050468    -0.73   0.468    -.1385481    .0646256
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .3116318   .1385626     2.25   0.029     .0327198    .5905439
          3  |   .0490748   .0565797     0.87   0.390    -.0648142    .1629638
          4  |  -.0124461   .0994051    -0.13   0.901    -.2125383    .1876461
          5  |   .1345857   .0666298     2.02   0.049     .0004669    .2687046
          6  |   .1279875   .1099119     1.16   0.250    -.0932536    .3492286
          7  |   .0926505   .0951153     0.97   0.335    -.0988067    .2841078
          8  |   .1230685   .0527239     2.33   0.024     .0169408    .2291963
          9  |   .0469876   .0733526     0.64   0.525    -.1006636    .1946388
         10  |   .0008156   .1449855     0.01   0.996    -.2910251    .2926562
         11  |   .0267823   .1236378     0.22   0.829    -.2220877    .2756523
         12  |   .0634395   .0710658     0.89   0.377    -.0796086    .2064877
         13  |   .0302246   .0919039     0.33   0.744    -.1547684    .2152176
         14  |     .23406   .3955992     0.59   0.557    -.5622399     1.03036
         15  |   .1200118   .0582691     2.06   0.045     .0027222    .2373014
         16  |  -.0553323   .0689431    -0.80   0.426    -.1941076    .0834431
         17  |  -.4899258   .2259468    -2.17   0.035    -.9447332   -.0351184
         18  |  -.0046932   .1096869    -0.04   0.966    -.2254815    .2160952
         19  |   .0810321   .0746653     1.09   0.283    -.0692614    .2313256
         20  |   .0082147   .0793813     0.10   0.918    -.1515716     .168001
             |
       _cons |   3.145704    .086139    36.52   0.000     2.972315    3.319093
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,453
                                                F(25, 46)         =       3.34
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0002
                                                R-squared         =     0.0262
                                                Root MSE          =     .50062

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      n_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |  -.0547909   .0290375    -1.89   0.065    -.1132404    .0036586
   birth_dec |   .0122734   .0136849     0.90   0.374    -.0152729    .0398197
       boost |  -.0103681   .0372808    -0.28   0.782    -.0854104    .0646742
      female |   .1076993    .027657     3.89   0.000     .0520286    .1633701
       catho |   .0729782   .0296669     2.46   0.018     .0132617    .1326947
  2.edufirst |  -.0281944   .0544629    -0.52   0.607    -.1378226    .0814337
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .2094533   .2018788     1.04   0.305    -.1969078    .6158143
          3  |  -.0943716   .0590276    -1.60   0.117    -.2131881    .0244448
          4  |  -.1713857   .1283074    -1.34   0.188     -.429655    .0868837
          5  |  -.0428428   .0578272    -0.74   0.463    -.1592428    .0735573
          6  |   .0520032   .0666953     0.78   0.440    -.0822474    .1862539
          7  |  -.0562884   .0972866    -0.58   0.566    -.2521161    .1395393
          8  |  -.0483925   .0715342    -0.68   0.502    -.1923835    .0955984
          9  |  -.0487457   .0597186    -0.82   0.419     -.168953    .0714615
         10  |  -.0640193   .1683825    -0.38   0.706    -.4029556     .274917
         11  |    -.06709   .0749639    -0.89   0.375    -.2179846    .0838046
         12  |  -.0497362   .0570425    -0.87   0.388    -.1645568    .0650844
         13  |  -.2137068   .0909984    -2.35   0.023    -.3968771   -.0305364
         14  |  -.1268313   .2920857    -0.43   0.666    -.7147694    .4611068
         15  |   .0261007   .0868801     0.30   0.765    -.1487798    .2009812
         16  |  -.0080841    .066159    -0.12   0.903    -.1412552    .1250871
         17  |   -.019204   .2567852    -0.07   0.941    -.5360858    .4976777
         18  |  -.0341319   .1048464    -0.33   0.746    -.2451768     .176913
         19  |  -.0879247   .0669485    -1.31   0.196    -.2226851    .0468357
         20  |  -.1546566   .0979056    -1.58   0.121    -.3517303    .0424172
             |
       _cons |   3.184493   .0745296    42.73   0.000     3.034472    3.334513
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ********* Table A.6
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. ** Columns 1-3
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser {
  2.         
. reghdfe `var' T female birth_dec boost female catho birth_dec i.edufirst i.co
> de_region_resid_istat age_int if country==6, noabsorb cluster(birth_year)
  3. }
(MWFE estimator converged in 1 iterations)
note: female omitted because of collinearity
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =      1,450
Absorbing 1 HDFE group                            F(  26,     46) =      11.96
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.0194
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.0015
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0194
Number of clusters (birth_year) =         47      Root MSE        =     2.2444

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3810056   .1168287    -3.26   0.002    -.6161696   -.1458416
      female |  -.0055185   .1371836    -0.04   0.968    -.2816548    .2706178
   birth_dec |  -.1230172   .1608081    -0.76   0.448    -.4467072    .2006728
       boost |   .0185992   .1480212     0.13   0.901     -.279352    .3165504
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |    .320701   .1268409     2.53   0.015     .0653835    .5760185
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
  2.edufirst |   .7093583   .2182343     3.25   0.002     .2700755    1.148641
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .2047404   1.949585     0.11   0.917     -3.71957    4.129051
          3  |   .0267919   .2553264     0.10   0.917    -.4871535    .5407372
          4  |  -.2367446   .4067524    -0.58   0.563    -1.055495    .5820054
          5  |   .0860736   .2778803     0.31   0.758    -.4732705    .6454176
          6  |  -.3341914   .4809336    -0.69   0.491    -1.302261    .6338779
          7  |  -.0802074   .3982072    -0.20   0.841     -.881757    .7213421
          8  |  -.3257641   .2804441    -1.16   0.251    -.8902689    .2387406
          9  |  -.3296605   .3603487    -0.91   0.365    -1.055005    .3956839
         10  |   .2926138   .7238694     0.40   0.688     -1.16446    1.749687
         11  |  -.3250454   .3698779    -0.88   0.384    -1.069571    .4194801
         12  |  -.2403511    .305582    -0.79   0.436    -.8554559    .3747536
         13  |  -.0113598   .5167659    -0.02   0.983    -1.051556    1.028836
         14  |  -.4951789   1.340866    -0.37   0.714    -3.194201    2.203843
         15  |     -.4019   .3123019    -1.29   0.205    -1.030531    .2267311
         16  |  -.0006614   .3036883    -0.00   0.998    -.6119543    .6106315
         17  |  -1.819499   .3649015    -4.99   0.000    -2.554008   -1.084991
         18  |   -.084063    .515929    -0.16   0.871    -1.122574    .9544483
         19  |   .0935639   .3282832     0.29   0.777    -.5672359    .7543637
         20  |  -.0415144   .3874149    -0.11   0.915    -.8213401    .7383113
             |
     age_int |  -.0098848   .0172515    -0.57   0.569    -.0446102    .0248406
       _cons |   3.261989   1.300163     2.51   0.016      .644897    5.879082
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(MWFE estimator converged in 1 iterations)
note: female omitted because of collinearity
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =      1,449
Absorbing 1 HDFE group                            F(  26,     46) =       7.18
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.0274
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.0096
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0274
Number of clusters (birth_year) =         47      Root MSE        =     2.3448

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.6921233     .19418    -3.56   0.001    -1.082987   -.3012591
      female |  -.2143025   .1421632    -1.51   0.139    -.5004622    .0718572
   birth_dec |  -.1749575   .1798578    -0.97   0.336    -.5369925    .1870776
       boost |   .0397992   .1527198     0.26   0.796    -.2676098    .3472083
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .3923141   .1346927     2.91   0.006     .1211918    .6634365
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
  2.edufirst |   .6296593   .2566784     2.45   0.018     .1129925    1.146326
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .0580098   2.624419     0.02   0.982    -5.224672    5.340691
          3  |   .0544285   .2359367     0.23   0.819    -.4204875    .5293445
          4  |  -.4716294    .384889    -1.23   0.227    -1.246371    .3031119
          5  |   .1008413   .2721242     0.37   0.713    -.4469163    .6485989
          6  |  -.4303887   .4611028    -0.93   0.355    -1.358541    .4977631
          7  |   -.123359    .367355    -0.34   0.739    -.8628063    .6160883
          8  |  -.5059368   .2822723    -1.79   0.080    -1.074121    .0622479
          9  |  -.5301728   .3656456    -1.45   0.154    -1.266179    .2058336
         10  |   .3422372   .8158062     0.42   0.677    -1.299895     1.98437
         11  |  -.5214453   .3329859    -1.57   0.124    -1.191711    .1488206
         12  |  -.3207782    .285108    -1.13   0.266    -.8946709    .2531144
         13  |   .2068253   .5068162     0.41   0.685    -.8133428    1.226993
         14  |  -.7348868   1.563871    -0.47   0.641    -3.882797    2.413023
         15  |  -.3373013    .291438    -1.16   0.253    -.9239355    .2493329
         16  |   -.009911   .2971782    -0.03   0.974    -.6080997    .5882777
         17  |  -1.260324   .5951958    -2.12   0.040    -2.458391    -.062257
         18  |  -.1957613   .5085428    -0.38   0.702    -1.219405    .8278822
         19  |   .0814054   .3224286     0.25   0.802    -.5676097    .7304205
         20  |   -.223475   .3945422    -0.57   0.574    -1.017647    .5706973
             |
     age_int |  -.0156209   .0191126    -0.82   0.418    -.0540925    .0228508
       _cons |   3.957796   1.449089     2.73   0.009     1.040932     6.87466
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(MWFE estimator converged in 1 iterations)
note: female omitted because of collinearity
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =      1,447
Absorbing 1 HDFE group                            F(  26,     46) =    2321.15
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.0367
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.0190
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0367
Number of clusters (birth_year) =         47      Root MSE        =     2.1900

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.2906925   .0689739    -4.21   0.000    -.4295298   -.1518552
      female |   -.104599   .1725209    -0.61   0.547    -.4518657    .2426676
   birth_dec |   .0745859   .1786073     0.42   0.678     -.284932    .4341038
       boost |   .0151075   .1409866     0.11   0.915    -.2686837    .2988987
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .3514446   .1183656     2.97   0.005     .1131869    .5897023
   birth_dec |          0  (omitted)
  2.edufirst |    .524249   .2504568     2.09   0.042     .0201056    1.028393
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |    3.40889   .2255152    15.12   0.000     2.954952    3.862829
          3  |  -.3296959   .2430002    -1.36   0.181    -.8188299    .1594381
          4  |   .1248955    .519313     0.24   0.811    -.9204274    1.170218
          5  |  -.0774929   .2742454    -0.28   0.779    -.6295203    .4745344
          6  |  -.1654675   .4599376    -0.36   0.721    -1.091274    .7603389
          7  |  -.2766516   .3611039    -0.77   0.448    -1.003516    .4502128
          8  |  -.8130404   .2590528    -3.14   0.003    -1.334487   -.2915942
          9  |  -.7091815   .3159717    -2.24   0.030      -1.3452   -.0731635
         10  |  -.4846658   .6717774    -0.72   0.474    -1.836884    .8675519
         11  |  -.9402323    .432098    -2.18   0.035        -1.81   -.0704642
         12  |  -.5618877   .2454049    -2.29   0.027    -1.055862   -.0679133
         13  |  -.3405186   .4924368    -0.69   0.493    -1.331743    .6507053
         14  |  -.5958854   .9271349    -0.64   0.524    -2.462111     1.27034
         15  |  -.7459923   .2552915    -2.92   0.005    -1.259868   -.2321171
         16  |  -.1822902   .2881312    -0.63   0.530    -.7622682    .3976878
         17  |  -1.013078   .4125302    -2.46   0.018    -1.843458   -.1826972
         18  |  -.4871718   .4245623    -1.15   0.257    -1.341771    .3674278
         19  |   .0350967   .3047573     0.12   0.909    -.5783478    .6485412
         20  |  -.0937945   .3933362    -0.24   0.813    -.8855391    .6979501
             |
     age_int |    .022524   .0189772     1.19   0.241    -.0156752    .0607232
       _cons |   2.837938   1.369222     2.07   0.044     .0818378    5.594039
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Columns 4-6
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser  {
  2.         
. reghdfe `var' T female birth_dec boost female catho birth_dec  i.edufirst i.c
> ode_region_resid_istat if country==6, noabsorb cluster(birth_year code_region
> _resid_istat)
  3. }
(MWFE estimator converged in 1 iterations)
Warning: VCV matrix was non-positive semi-definite; adjustment from Cameron, Ge
> lbach & Miller applied.
warning: missing F statistic; dropped variables due to collinearity or too few 
> clusters
note: female omitted because of collinearity
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =      1,450
Absorbing 1 HDFE group                            F(  25,     19) =          .
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =          .
                                                  R-squared       =     0.0193
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.0021
Number of clusters (birth_year) =         47      Within R-sq.    =     0.0193
Number of clusters (code_region_resid_istat) =         20Root MSE =     2.2438

    (Std. err. adjusted for 20 clusters in birth_year code_region_resid_istat)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3743594   .1034444    -3.62   0.002     -.590871   -.1578479
      female |  -.0116817   .0860023    -0.14   0.893    -.1916866    .1683232
   birth_dec |  -.0297651   .0439255    -0.68   0.506    -.1217021     .062172
       boost |    .028019   .1448619     0.19   0.849    -.2751805    .3312185
      female |          0   4.07e-10     0.00   1.000    -8.52e-10    8.52e-10
       catho |   .3199882   .1377065     2.32   0.031     .0317653    .6082112
   birth_dec |          0   2.70e-10     0.00   1.000    -5.64e-10    5.64e-10
  2.edufirst |    .713238   .1819526     3.92   0.001     .3324069    1.094069
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .1746053   1.057041     0.17   0.871    -2.037807    2.387017
          3  |   .0269015   .0889174     0.30   0.766    -.1592047    .2130078
          4  |  -.2311698   .3319524    -0.70   0.495    -.9259542    .4636146
          5  |    .089426   .0983828     0.91   0.375    -.1164917    .2953437
          6  |  -.3313146   .2863227    -1.16   0.262    -.9305948    .2679657
          7  |  -.0857252   .1689204    -0.51   0.618    -.4392796    .2678292
          8  |  -.3290142   .1122382    -2.93   0.009    -.5639315   -.0940968
          9  |  -.3295378   .1633988    -2.02   0.058    -.6715354    .0124598
         10  |   .2935613   .3352985     0.88   0.392    -.4082266    .9953491
         11  |  -.3214527   .1867115    -1.72   0.101    -.7122445     .069339
         12  |  -.2440716   .1374077    -1.78   0.092    -.5316692     .043526
         13  |  -.0131284   .2742885    -0.05   0.962    -.5872207     .560964
         14  |  -.5036283   .5995235    -0.84   0.411    -1.758445    .7511888
         15  |  -.4062231   .1388854    -2.92   0.009    -.6969135   -.1155326
         16  |   -.000971    .112759    -0.01   0.993    -.2369783    .2350363
         17  |  -1.793241   .3157922    -5.68   0.000    -2.454202   -1.132281
         18  |  -.0822161   .3322987    -0.25   0.807    -.7777252    .6132929
         19  |   .0916549   .1616462     0.57   0.577    -.2466745    .4299843
         20  |  -.0431497   .1638582    -0.26   0.795    -.3861089    .2998095
             |
       _cons |   2.563054   .3139911     8.16   0.000     1.905863    3.220245
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(MWFE estimator converged in 1 iterations)
Warning: VCV matrix was non-positive semi-definite; adjustment from Cameron, Ge
> lbach & Miller applied.
warning: missing F statistic; dropped variables due to collinearity or too few 
> clusters
note: female omitted because of collinearity
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =      1,449
Absorbing 1 HDFE group                            F(  25,     19) =          .
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =          .
                                                  R-squared       =     0.0271
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.0100
Number of clusters (birth_year) =         47      Within R-sq.    =     0.0271
Number of clusters (code_region_resid_istat) =         20Root MSE =     2.3443

    (Std. err. adjusted for 20 clusters in birth_year code_region_resid_istat)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.6816067   .1561206    -4.37   0.000    -1.008371   -.3548425
      female |   -.223957   .1421544    -1.58   0.132    -.5214895    .0735756
   birth_dec |  -.0275484   .0364346    -0.76   0.459    -.1038069    .0487102
       boost |    .054561   .1650342     0.33   0.745    -.2908596    .3999816
      female |          0   5.89e-17     0.00   1.000    -1.23e-16    1.23e-16
       catho |   .3912263   .1651179     2.37   0.029     .0456306    .7368221
   birth_dec |          0   1.53e-17     0.00   1.000    -3.21e-17    3.21e-17
  2.edufirst |   .6358189   .2419644     2.63   0.017     .1293815    1.142256
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .0103962   1.197039     0.01   0.993    -2.495034    2.515827
          3  |   .0545919   .0944777     0.58   0.570    -.1431521     .252336
          4  |  -.4628395    .255937    -1.81   0.086    -.9985219    .0728428
          5  |   .1064771   .1051058     1.01   0.324    -.1135119    .3264661
          6  |  -.4258575   .2654273    -1.60   0.125    -.9814032    .1296883
          7  |  -.1320732   .1575269    -0.84   0.412    -.4617808    .1976343
          8  |  -.5110758   .1365318    -3.74   0.001    -.7968402   -.2253114
          9  |  -.5299851   .1915831    -2.77   0.012     -.930973   -.1289971
         10  |   .3437173   .4581103     0.75   0.462    -.6151187    1.302553
         11  |  -.5157809   .1329586    -3.88   0.001    -.7940665   -.2374954
         12  |  -.3266604   .1277807    -2.56   0.019    -.5941086   -.0592123
         13  |   .2040203   .2838204     0.72   0.481    -.3900227    .7980634
         14  |  -.7482272   .6869948    -1.09   0.290    -2.186124    .6896694
         15  |  -.3441455   .1320098    -2.61   0.017    -.6204452   -.0678457
         16  |  -.0104125   .1279744    -0.08   0.936     -.278266     .257441
         17  |  -1.218929   .5523567    -2.21   0.040    -2.375025   -.0628328
         18  |   -.192849   .2539315    -0.76   0.457    -.7243336    .3386356
         19  |   .0783791   .1688984     0.46   0.648    -.2751293    .4318874
         20  |  -.2260608   .1598643    -1.41   0.174    -.5606606     .108539
             |
       _cons |   2.853063    .313524     9.10   0.000      2.19685    3.509276
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(MWFE estimator converged in 1 iterations)
Warning: VCV matrix was non-positive semi-definite; adjustment from Cameron, Ge
> lbach & Miller applied.
warning: missing F statistic; dropped variables due to collinearity or too few 
> clusters
note: female omitted because of collinearity
note: birth_dec omitted because of collinearity

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =      1,447
Absorbing 1 HDFE group                            F(  25,     19) =          .
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =          .
                                                  R-squared       =     0.0360
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.0190
Number of clusters (birth_year) =         47      Within R-sq.    =     0.0360
Number of clusters (code_region_resid_istat) =         20Root MSE =     2.1900

    (Std. err. adjusted for 20 clusters in birth_year code_region_resid_istat)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3057741   .0668362    -4.57   0.000    -.4456638   -.1658844
      female |  -.0905856   .1529351    -0.59   0.561    -.4106824    .2295112
   birth_dec |   -.137979   .0494794    -2.79   0.012    -.2415406   -.0344174
       boost |  -.0062579   .1585575    -0.04   0.969    -.3381225    .3256067
      female |          0   9.07e-12     0.00   1.000    -1.90e-11    1.90e-11
       catho |   .3530208   .1400091     2.52   0.021     .0599783    .6460632
   birth_dec |          0   1.15e-10     0.00   1.000    -2.41e-10    2.41e-10
  2.edufirst |   .5154498   .2229686     2.31   0.032     .0487711    .9821284
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   3.478477   .0931113    37.36   0.000     3.283593    3.673361
          3  |   -.328983   .0892062    -3.69   0.002    -.5156936   -.1422724
          4  |    .113132    .332247     0.34   0.737     -.582269    .8085329
          5  |  -.0842174   .1178055    -0.71   0.483    -.3307871    .1623523
          6  |  -.1711152   .2330997    -0.73   0.472    -.6589985    .3167681
          7  |  -.2632059   .1676219    -1.57   0.133    -.6140425    .0876307
          8  |  -.8051605   .1270109    -6.34   0.000    -1.070997   -.5393237
          9  |  -.7087644   .1035446    -6.85   0.000    -.9254858    -.492043
         10  |  -.4859041   .3323196    -1.46   0.160    -1.181457    .2096488
         11  |  -.9475061    .231875    -4.09   0.001    -1.432826   -.4621861
         12  |  -.5521851   .1020211    -5.41   0.000    -.7657177   -.3386526
         13  |  -.3355843   .2980892    -1.13   0.274    -.9594922    .2883237
         14  |  -.5757284   .4632843    -1.24   0.229    -1.545394    .3939367
         15  |  -.7352288   .1048167    -7.01   0.000    -.9546127    -.515845
         16  |  -.1806739   .1241933    -1.45   0.162    -.4406135    .0792657
         17  |  -1.071972   .2955964    -3.63   0.002    -1.690662   -.4532815
         18  |  -.4904753   .2061277    -2.38   0.028    -.9219055   -.0590451
         19  |    .040351   .1437691     0.28   0.782    -.2605611    .3412631
         20  |  -.0891746   .1526562    -0.58   0.566    -.4086877    .2303386
             |
       _cons |     4.4299   .2499692    17.72   0.000     3.906709    4.953092
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.7 
. 
. ** Columns 1-2
. use ${datain}itanes2018.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in  trust_parl trust_part {
  2. 
. reg `var' T catho i.educ2 female birth_dec i.regione, r cluster(birth)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,570
                                                F(24, 64)         =      11.37
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0364
                                                Root MSE          =     2.4141

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 65 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.2394454    .097866    -2.45   0.017    -.4349552   -.0439357
       catho |   .6688714   .0937098     7.14   0.000     .4816647    .8560782
     2.educ2 |   .6444313   .1827953     3.53   0.001     .2792557    1.009607
      female |  -.2876763   .0812881    -3.54   0.001     -.450068   -.1252847
   birth_dec |  -.0722985   .0417616    -1.73   0.088    -.1557268    .0111298
             |
     regione |
Valle d'A..  |   .7383978   .8989799     0.82   0.414    -1.057521    2.534317
  Lombardia  |   .0089001   .2402497     0.04   0.971     -.471054    .4888541
Trentino ..  |  -.4740143     .49606    -0.96   0.343    -1.465008    .5169795
     Veneto  |  -.5092053   .2528425    -2.01   0.048    -1.014316   -.0040943
Friuli Ve..  |  -.3609312   .2993421    -1.21   0.232    -.9589358    .2370735
    Liguria  |   .0241311   .3390425     0.07   0.943    -.6531841    .7014463
Emilia Ro..  |  -.1967216   .2341842    -0.84   0.404    -.6645583    .2711151
    Toscana  |     .25429    .208852     1.22   0.228    -.1629399    .6715198
     Umbria  |     .03291    .453934     0.07   0.942    -.8739274    .9397474
     Marche  |  -.0893164   .3070804    -0.29   0.772      -.70278    .5241473
      Lazio  |  -.2575115   .2121913    -1.21   0.229    -.6814124    .1663894
    Abruzzo  |  -.7440522   .3480852    -2.14   0.036    -1.439432   -.0486722
     Molise  |  -.9581125   .4788351    -2.00   0.050    -1.914696   -.0015294
   Campania  |   -.440032   .2742375    -1.60   0.114    -.9878843    .1078203
     Puglia  |  -.2508715   .2458503    -1.02   0.311     -.742014     .240271
 Basilicata  |    .359452   .5319207     0.68   0.502    -.7031817    1.422086
   Calabria  |  -.6021915   .5056239    -1.19   0.238    -1.612291    .4079084
    Sicilia  |  -.0101804   .2584538    -0.04   0.969    -.5265012    .5061405
   Sardegna  |  -.4084618    .361881    -1.13   0.263    -1.131402    .3144786
             |
       _cons |    3.10935   .3198891     9.72   0.000     2.470298    3.748402
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,570
                                                F(24, 64)         =       6.62
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0361
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2489

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 65 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_part | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3687577   .1010541    -3.65   0.001    -.5706364    -.166879
       catho |   .5972294   .0977256     6.11   0.000     .4020001    .7924588
     2.educ2 |   .4423313   .1655198     2.67   0.010     .1116674    .7729951
      female |  -.3621656   .0666792    -5.43   0.000    -.4953727   -.2289586
   birth_dec |   .0705206   .0390427     1.81   0.076    -.0074763    .1485174
             |
     regione |
Valle d'A..  |   1.445807   .4473714     3.23   0.002       .55208    2.339534
  Lombardia  |   .3740565   .1816139     2.06   0.044      .011241     .736872
Trentino ..  |  -.3176174   .4564453    -0.70   0.489    -1.229472    .5942368
     Veneto  |  -.2446239   .2271427    -1.08   0.286    -.6983936    .2091459
Friuli Ve..  |  -.1303903   .2505431    -0.52   0.605    -.6309078    .3701272
    Liguria  |  -.0316666   .3346286    -0.09   0.925     -.700164    .6368308
Emilia Ro..  |   .0316124   .2329542     0.14   0.892    -.4337673     .496992
    Toscana  |   .3512946   .2041993     1.72   0.090    -.0566404    .7592296
     Umbria  |   .1828865   .4366606     0.42   0.677    -.6894434    1.055216
     Marche  |   .2282879   .2373006     0.96   0.340    -.2457746    .7023504
      Lazio  |  -.1315749   .1977987    -0.67   0.508    -.5267232    .2635734
    Abruzzo  |  -.3015036   .2944182    -1.02   0.310    -.8896716    .2866644
     Molise  |  -.2674437   .5629845    -0.48   0.636    -1.392135    .8572472
   Campania  |  -.2185295   .1907326    -1.15   0.256    -.5995617    .1625026
     Puglia  |  -.2499266     .20363    -1.23   0.224    -.6567241     .156871
 Basilicata  |   .4118618   .4713003     0.87   0.385    -.5296688    1.353392
   Calabria  |  -.3512827   .4704068    -0.75   0.458    -1.291028    .5884628
    Sicilia  |   .0742402   .2069517     0.36   0.721    -.3391934    .4876737
   Sardegna  |   .0342779   .3617725     0.09   0.925    -.6884457    .7570016
             |
       _cons |   1.820147   .3056064     5.96   0.000     1.209628    2.430666
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Column 3
. use ${datain}itanes2001_2018.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in  trust_parl {
  2. 
. reg `var' T catho female birth_dec i.age i.regione, r cluster(birth)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      5,261
                                                F(65, 66)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1106
                                                Root MSE          =     1.7784

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 67 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.3386406   .0493254    -6.87   0.000    -.4371219   -.2401593
       catho |   .5254656   .0779511     6.74   0.000     .3698311       .6811
      female |  -.1966931   .0423804    -4.64   0.000    -.2813084   -.1120778
   birth_dec |     .29952   .0151054    19.83   0.000     .2693611    .3296788
             |
         age |
         20  |  -.0429713   .2439937    -0.18   0.861    -.5301203    .4441778
         21  |  -.1436397    .195237    -0.74   0.465     -.533443    .2461635
         22  |   .4422102   .2143183     2.06   0.043     .0143099    .8701105
         23  |   .0958832   .1878813     0.51   0.612     -.279234    .4710004
         24  |   .2802095   .2597574     1.08   0.285    -.2384129    .7988319
         25  |   .5218812   .1924179     2.71   0.009     .1377063     .906056
         26  |   .4639916    .167758     2.77   0.007      .129052    .7989313
         27  |   .1268164   .1863081     0.68   0.498    -.2451597    .4987926
         28  |  -.0409793   .2245082    -0.18   0.856    -.4892244    .4072657
         29  |   .4063015   .2053797     1.98   0.052    -.0037524    .8163554
         30  |    .339718   .2892939     1.17   0.244    -.2378758    .9173119
         31  |   .3534061   .1602036     2.21   0.031     .0335492     .673263
         32  |   .5581983   .1643378     3.40   0.001     .2300873    .8863093
         33  |   .3087235   .2182017     1.41   0.162    -.1269302    .7443773
         34  |    .579419   .1969072     2.94   0.004     .1862811    .9725569
         35  |   .3610004   .2533353     1.42   0.159    -.1447999    .8668008
         36  |    .211091   .1494459     1.41   0.163    -.0872875    .5094694
         37  |   .2721738   .2145821     1.27   0.209    -.1562532    .7006009
         38  |    .039979    .227914     0.18   0.861     -.415066    .4950239
         39  |   .8259836   .2536213     3.26   0.002     .3196124    1.332355
         40  |   .5870501   .1620252     3.62   0.001     .2635564    .9105439
         41  |   .6857235   .2301521     2.98   0.004     .2262101    1.145237
         42  |   .6607447   .1650304     4.00   0.000     .3312509    .9902385
         43  |   .8545756   .1677554     5.09   0.000     .5196411     1.18951
         44  |   .8051508   .1822206     4.42   0.000     .4413356    1.168966
         45  |   .4569422   .3598511     1.27   0.209    -.2615237    1.175408
         46  |   .8422179   .1861927     4.52   0.000     .4704723    1.213964
         47  |   .6885554    .165179     4.17   0.000     .3587649    1.018346
         48  |    .833288   .1625018     5.13   0.000     .5088428    1.157733
         49  |   .8230176   .1686091     4.88   0.000     .4863787    1.159656
         50  |   .7281267   .1958542     3.72   0.000     .3370911    1.119162
         51  |   .4103072   .3729098     1.10   0.275    -.3342313    1.154846
         52  |   1.183538   .1742136     6.79   0.000     .8357094    1.531367
         53  |   .9925989   .2814961     3.53   0.001     .4305738    1.554624
         54  |   .8893033   .1729616     5.14   0.000     .5439744    1.234632
         55  |   1.012081   .2007894     5.04   0.000      .611192     1.41297
         56  |   1.224468   .2388396     5.13   0.000     .7476096    1.701327
         57  |   1.175575   .1715814     6.85   0.000     .8330016    1.518148
         58  |   1.008024   .1962041     5.14   0.000     .6162897    1.399758
         59  |   1.387136   .3694253     3.75   0.000     .6495549    2.124718
         60  |    1.23265   .1658925     7.43   0.000     .9014347    1.563865
         61  |   1.297542   .2470497     5.25   0.000     .8042912    1.790793
         62  |   1.882039   .4050455     4.65   0.000      1.07334    2.690739
         63  |   1.587679   .1703371     9.32   0.000      1.24759    1.927768
         64  |   1.500429   .1898272     7.90   0.000     1.121427    1.879431
         65  |   1.593392   .2648166     6.02   0.000     1.064668    2.122115
         66  |   1.304239   .1703751     7.66   0.000     .9640745    1.644404
         67  |   1.342999   .1695989     7.92   0.000     1.004384    1.681614
         68  |   1.434933    .177571     8.08   0.000     1.080401    1.789465
         69  |   1.556461   .1649051     9.44   0.000     1.227218    1.885705
         70  |   1.716543   .1702911    10.08   0.000     1.376546     2.05654
         71  |   1.431277   .1681709     8.51   0.000     1.095513    1.767041
         72  |   3.330781   .1617208    20.60   0.000     3.007895    3.653667
         73  |   3.270401   .1656777    19.74   0.000     2.939615    3.601187
         74  |    1.99483   .1639569    12.17   0.000     1.667479     2.32218
         75  |   2.574717   .1732603    14.86   0.000     2.228792    2.920643
         76  |   1.228351   .1736522     7.07   0.000     .8816432    1.575059
         77  |   2.598716   .1763513    14.74   0.000     2.246619    2.950813
         78  |   1.433296   .1824706     7.85   0.000     1.068982     1.79761
         79  |   1.623459   .2543002     6.38   0.000     1.115732    2.131185
         80  |   4.883095   .2040856    23.93   0.000     4.475625    5.290565
         81  |    3.67767   .1818821    20.22   0.000      3.31453    4.040809
         83  |   1.198466   .1918019     6.25   0.000     .8155213    1.581411
         84  |   4.361391   .1926411    22.64   0.000     3.976771    4.746011
             |
     regione |
Valle d'A..  |  -.0965617   .2112355    -0.46   0.649     -.518307    .3251836
  Lombardia  |   .0053771   .2250633     0.02   0.981    -.4439763    .4547304
Trentino ..  |  -.3542666   .2161987    -1.64   0.106    -.7859212    .0773879
     Veneto  |  -.4131906   .2397432    -1.72   0.089    -.8918533    .0654721
Friuli Ve..  |  -.2504555   .1978402    -1.27   0.210    -.6454562    .1445453
    Liguria  |   -.007226   .2381234    -0.03   0.976    -.4826547    .4682027
Emilia Ro..  |  -.1137994    .211638    -0.54   0.593    -.5363482    .3087495
    Toscana  |   .1175437    .201055     0.58   0.561    -.2838756     .518963
     Umbria  |  -.0502384   .2796227    -0.18   0.858    -.6085231    .5080462
     Marche  |  -.0363974   .2602529    -0.14   0.889    -.5560091    .4832142
      Lazio  |  -.2132591   .2029204    -1.05   0.297    -.6184027    .1918845
    Abruzzo  |  -.5242564   .2461662    -2.13   0.037    -1.015743   -.0327697
     Molise  |  -.2981119   .2652623    -1.12   0.265    -.8277251    .2315013
   Campania  |  -.2734478   .2378034    -1.15   0.254    -.7482377     .201342
     Puglia  |  -.3362789   .2109998    -1.59   0.116    -.7575536    .0849957
 Basilicata  |   .0576443   .3279278     0.18   0.861    -.5970847    .7123732
   Calabria  |  -.3211587   .2938178    -1.09   0.278    -.9077849    .2654675
    Sicilia  |   -.173354   .2174025    -0.80   0.428     -.607412    .2607041
   Sardegna  |  -.2479763   .2449022    -1.01   0.315    -.7369393    .2409868
             |
       _cons |   1.149902   .2878878     3.99   0.000     .5751159    1.724689
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.8
. 
. ** Columns 1-3
. use ${datain}itanes1996.dta, clear
( )

. 
. foreach var in ditta pol_int pol_int2 {
  2. 
. reg `var' T 1.religious_group i.education i.gender i.region  birth_dec, r clu
> ster(birth)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,257
                                                F(28, 47)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0394
                                                Root MSE          =     .29676

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
       ditta | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |    .072252   .0302272     2.39   0.021     .0114427    .1330613
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |   .0000567   .0141968     0.00   0.997    -.0285035    .0286169
             |
   education |
Scuola el..  |   .2438261   .0958053     2.55   0.014     .0510907    .4365616
Licenza e..  |   .1333383   .0460448     2.90   0.006     .0407081    .2259685
Licenza m..  |   .1267075   .0485309     2.61   0.012     .0290758    .2243392
Diploma p..  |   .1313781   .0564613     2.33   0.024     .0177927    .2449636
Diploma m..  |   .0603531   .0502016     1.20   0.235    -.0406395    .1613457
Titolo un..  |   .0333496    .046521     0.72   0.477    -.0602386    .1269377
             |
    1.gender |   .0015439   .0140771     0.11   0.913    -.0267756    .0298634
             |
      region |
          3  |  -.0441725   .0300929    -1.47   0.149    -.1047116    .0163665
          6  |   -.043921   .0631461    -0.70   0.490    -.1709546    .0831126
          7  |  -.0145867   .0371482    -0.39   0.696    -.0893192    .0601458
          9  |  -.0764475   .0456813    -1.67   0.101    -.1683463    .0154514
         10  |  -.0192157   .0474369    -0.41   0.687    -.1146464    .0762151
         11  |  -.0625124   .0398292    -1.57   0.123    -.1426385    .0176136
         12  |  -.0857861   .0313197    -2.74   0.009    -.1487933   -.0227789
         13  |  -.0532125   .0535138    -0.99   0.325    -.1608684    .0544435
         14  |  -.0727791   .0378719    -1.92   0.061    -.1489675    .0034094
         15  |  -.0089909   .0368945    -0.24   0.809     -.083213    .0652312
         17  |   .0494197    .052537     0.94   0.352    -.0562711    .1551105
         18  |  -.0241238   .0768784    -0.31   0.755    -.1787832    .1305355
         19  |   .0129174   .0337555     0.38   0.704    -.0549899    .0808247
         21  |   .0085322   .0372838     0.23   0.820     -.066473    .0835375
         22  |  -.0389352   .0665103    -0.59   0.561    -.1727367    .0948663
         23  |  -.0633844   .0341048    -1.86   0.069    -.1319943    .0052255
         24  |  -.0413799   .0321946    -1.29   0.205    -.1061471    .0233873
         26  |  -.0486934   .0448758    -1.09   0.283    -.1389718    .0415851
         27  |   .1782089   .2629876     0.68   0.501    -.3508539    .7072717
             |
   birth_dec |   .0209662   .0085035     2.47   0.017     .0038592    .0380731
       _cons |   .0124339   .0388633     0.32   0.750    -.0657489    .0906168
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,303
                                                F(28, 47)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1501
                                                Root MSE          =     .41447

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     pol_int | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .2069901   .0283329     7.31   0.000     .1499917    .2639885
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |   -.019211   .0206196    -0.93   0.356    -.0606923    .0222702
             |
   education |
Scuola el..  |   .4671657   .1191334     3.92   0.000     .2275002    .7068312
Licenza e..  |   .5180556   .0590586     8.77   0.000     .3992452    .6368661
Licenza m..  |   .7091973   .0499174    14.21   0.000     .6087765    .8096181
Diploma p..  |   .7620881   .0629313    12.11   0.000     .6354867    .8886895
Diploma m..  |   .8953024   .0507287    17.65   0.000     .7932494    .9973553
Titolo un..  |   .9920423   .0486268    20.40   0.000     .8942177    1.089867
             |
    1.gender |  -.1447325   .0150137    -9.64   0.000    -.1749362   -.1145288
             |
      region |
          3  |  -.0050701   .0364236    -0.14   0.890    -.0783449    .0682047
          6  |  -.0129976   .0854749    -0.15   0.880    -.1849509    .1589557
          7  |  -.0472269   .0435798    -1.08   0.284    -.1348982    .0404443
          9  |   .0656884   .0572948     1.15   0.257    -.0495738    .1809507
         10  |   .0942414    .046805     2.01   0.050     .0000819    .1884009
         11  |  -.0133056    .041905    -0.32   0.752    -.0976076    .0709964
         12  |  -.0064772   .0439264    -0.15   0.883    -.0948457    .0818914
         13  |  -.1446519   .0716065    -2.02   0.049    -.2887057   -.0005982
         14  |  -.0109084    .062707    -0.17   0.863    -.1370586    .1152419
         15  |  -.0086491   .0429621    -0.20   0.841    -.0950777    .0777795
         17  |  -.1704251   .0602096    -2.83   0.007    -.2915512   -.0492991
         18  |  -.2476383   .1630775    -1.52   0.136    -.5757079    .0804312
         19  |   -.138403   .0349861    -3.96   0.000    -.2087859     -.06802
         21  |  -.1297643   .0520184    -2.49   0.016    -.2344118   -.0251168
         22  |  -.1495704   .0918825    -1.63   0.110    -.3344141    .0352733
         23  |  -.1337268   .0699486    -1.91   0.062    -.2744452    .0069916
         24  |  -.1822365   .0400468    -4.55   0.000    -.2628003   -.1016727
         26  |  -.0035736   .0580713    -0.06   0.951    -.1203981    .1132508
         27  |  -.3190153   .2433814    -1.31   0.196    -.8086355     .170605
             |
   birth_dec |  -.0383755   .0068937    -5.57   0.000    -.0522438   -.0245072
       _cons |   .0913888   .0529203     1.73   0.091    -.0150731    .1978507
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,301
                                                F(29, 47)         =     148.44
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0965
                                                Root MSE          =      .4773

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
    pol_int2 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .1558416   .0507093     3.07   0.004     .0538276    .2578555
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |  -.0785378   .0238935    -3.29   0.002    -.1266054   -.0304702
             |
   education |
Scuola el..  |   .5469774   .0981108     5.58   0.000     .3496038    .7443509
Licenza e..  |   .5237949   .0531775     9.85   0.000     .4168157    .6307742
Licenza m..  |   .6790264   .0523118    12.98   0.000     .5737886    .7842643
Diploma p..  |   .6941878   .0701053     9.90   0.000     .5531542    .8352213
Diploma m..  |   .8090267    .051444    15.73   0.000     .7055348    .9125186
Titolo un..  |   .8904091   .0525048    16.96   0.000      .784783    .9960351
             |
    1.gender |  -.1719425   .0195074    -8.81   0.000    -.2111864   -.1326987
             |
      region |
          3  |   .0099362   .0423442     0.23   0.815    -.0752494    .0951217
          6  |   .0752149   .1003662     0.75   0.457    -.1266958    .2771256
          7  |   .1017458   .0377723     2.69   0.010     .0257577     .177734
          9  |   .0272598   .0737173     0.37   0.713    -.1210402    .1755598
         10  |  -.0042478   .0640463    -0.07   0.947    -.1330923    .1245968
         11  |    .088663   .0445875     1.99   0.053    -.0010355    .1783616
         12  |   .0602822   .0453418     1.33   0.190    -.0309337    .1514981
         13  |   .0446116   .0778323     0.57   0.569    -.1119667      .20119
         14  |   .0629373   .0695164     0.91   0.370    -.0769117    .2027863
         15  |   .1719558   .0636645     2.70   0.010     .0438794    .3000322
         17  |   .0388735    .063917     0.61   0.546     -.089711    .1674579
         18  |   .0581949   .1353522     0.43   0.669    -.2140986    .3304884
         19  |   .0280811   .0393235     0.71   0.479    -.0510275    .1071897
         21  |   .0990998   .0575786     1.72   0.092    -.0167334     .214933
         22  |   .0786822   .0945331     0.83   0.409    -.1114939    .2688583
         23  |   .0803527   .0608437     1.32   0.193     -.042049    .2027545
         24  |  -.0235756   .0545854    -0.43   0.668    -.1333872     .086236
         26  |  -.0043006   .0622825    -0.07   0.945    -.1295967    .1209955
         27  |   .0673859   .2510385     0.27   0.790    -.4376384    .5724102
             |
   birth_dec |  -.0419573   .0099565    -4.21   0.000    -.0619871   -.0219275
       _cons |  -.1410571   .0584322    -2.41   0.020    -.2586076   -.0235066
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. ** Column 4
. use ${datain}itanes2001.dta, clear
( )

. 
. foreach var in  trust_parl{
  2.         
. reg `var' T catho  i.educ2 female  birth_dec i.regione, r cluster(birth)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,686
                                                F(23, 49)         =      21.27
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0634
                                                Root MSE          =     .75866

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 50 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0881076    .034708    -2.54   0.014    -.1578559   -.0183594
       catho |   .1925774   .0532059     3.62   0.001     .0856561    .2994988
     2.educ2 |   .2928318   .0331504     8.83   0.000     .2262135    .3594501
      female |  -.0799731    .028487    -2.81   0.007      -.13722   -.0227263
   birth_dec |  -.0511545   .0123913    -4.13   0.000    -.0760557   -.0262533
             |
     regione |
    Liguria  |  -.1492722   .0928938    -1.61   0.114    -.3359492    .0374048
  Lombardia  |  -.2072846      .0685    -3.03   0.004    -.3449406   -.0696286
Trentino ..  |  -.0526832   .1353955    -0.39   0.699    -.3247707    .2194042
     Veneto  |  -.0837846    .082022    -1.02   0.312     -.248614    .0810448
Friuli V.G.  |   .0916306   .0910636     1.01   0.319    -.0913684    .2746297
  Emilia-R.  |   .0880609   .0791553     1.11   0.271    -.0710077    .2471294
    Toscana  |   .0354965    .086547     0.41   0.683    -.1384263    .2094193
     Marche  |  -.0574441   .1152955    -0.50   0.621     -.289139    .1742509
     Umbria  |   .0835877   .1322623     0.63   0.530    -.1822034    .3493788
      Lazio  |  -.1682338   .0655251    -2.57   0.013    -.2999115   -.0365562
    Abruzzo  |  -.2031614   .1203365    -1.69   0.098    -.4449867    .0386639
     Molise  |   .2379533   .2459855     0.97   0.338    -.2563731    .7322797
   Campania  |  -.0427729   .0777081    -0.55   0.585    -.1989332    .1133874
     Puglia  |  -.2763673   .0821572    -3.36   0.001    -.4414684   -.1112661
 Basilicata  |   .0186077   .1612174     0.12   0.909    -.3053708    .3425863
   Calabria  |  -.0463898   .1050889    -0.44   0.661    -.2575739    .1647943
    Sicilia  |  -.2329431   .0703703    -3.31   0.002    -.3743575   -.0915288
   Sardegna  |  -.0314574   .1213825    -0.26   0.797    -.2753846    .2124698
             |
       _cons |    2.30502   .0778941    29.59   0.000     2.148486    2.461554
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.9
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser {
  2. 
. reg `var' T stragi inter_mafia female birth_dec catho boost i.edufirst i.code
> _region_child_istat  if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,029
                                                F(25, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0373
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2174

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.4022622   .0906383    -4.44   0.000     -.584817   -.2197073
      stragi |  -.1742945   .3127726    -0.56   0.580    -.8042508    .4556618
 inter_mafia |    .357156   .3416791     1.05   0.301    -.3310209    1.045333
      female |   .0486969   .1734696     0.28   0.780    -.3006889    .3980827
   birth_dec |  -.0734572   .0601919    -1.22   0.229      -.19469    .0477755
       catho |   .3481527   .1509437     2.31   0.026     .0441364     .652169
       boost |   .0228882   .1506539     0.15   0.880    -.2805442    .3263207
  2.edufirst |   .9584975   .2702727     3.55   0.001     .4141403    1.502855
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |  -2.741626   .3444112    -7.96   0.000    -3.435305   -2.047946
          3  |  -.2171253   .3755002    -0.58   0.566    -.9734215    .5391709
          4  |  -1.162628   .6639837    -1.75   0.087     -2.49996    .1747036
          5  |  -.0822928   .4142783    -0.20   0.843    -.9166922    .7521065
          6  |  -.6732017   .5650628    -1.19   0.240    -1.811297    .4648932
          7  |  -.2976014   .4345405    -0.68   0.497    -1.172811    .5776081
          8  |  -.7945445   .3772572    -2.11   0.041     -1.55438   -.0347095
          9  |  -.5260882   .5071335    -1.04   0.305    -1.547508    .4953312
         10  |  -.4392826   .8105193    -0.54   0.591    -2.071752    1.193187
         11  |  -1.629444   .4327553    -3.77   0.000    -2.501057   -.7578295
         12  |  -.3289905   .4763503    -0.69   0.493    -1.288409    .6304283
         13  |  -.3725775   .5410185    -0.69   0.495    -1.462245    .7170897
         14  |  -.1822661   1.071784    -0.17   0.866     -2.34095    1.976418
         15  |  -.7124754    .346022    -2.06   0.045      -1.4094   -.0155513
         16  |  -.1572774   .4133869    -0.38   0.705    -.9898813    .6753265
         17  |  -.2722644   .7070892    -0.39   0.702    -1.696415    1.151886
         18  |  -.4527805   .6105691    -0.74   0.462     -1.68253    .7769687
         19  |  -.1949982   .3960821    -0.49   0.625    -.9927486    .6027521
         20  |  -.4499495   .4936049    -0.91   0.367    -1.444121    .5442218
             |
       _cons |   2.730676   .4300712     6.35   0.000     1.864469    3.596884
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,029
                                                F(25, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0456
                                                Root MSE          =      2.343

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.8187041   .1046671    -7.82   0.000    -1.029514   -.6078937
      stragi |  -.0844905   .3219149    -0.26   0.794    -.7328604    .5638795
 inter_mafia |   1.121202   .8419091     1.33   0.190    -.5744897    2.816894
      female |  -.2233535   .1793302    -1.25   0.219     -.584543     .137836
   birth_dec |  -.0728579   .0565105    -1.29   0.204    -.1866759    .0409601
       catho |   .4402471   .1541686     2.86   0.006     .1297356    .7507586
       boost |   .1319889   .1467004     0.90   0.373    -.1634809    .4274587
  2.edufirst |   .8986112   .3170709     2.83   0.007     .2599976    1.537225
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |  -3.859696   .3320563   -11.62   0.000    -4.528492     -3.1909
          3  |  -.1477999   .3638586    -0.41   0.687    -.8806487    .5850489
          4  |  -1.314162   .5102024    -2.58   0.013    -2.341762   -.2865616
          5  |   .0370352   .3874769     0.10   0.924    -.7433834    .8174537
          6  |  -1.135813   .5712555    -1.99   0.053    -2.286381    .0147546
          7  |   -.275234   .4601192    -0.60   0.553    -1.201962    .6514937
          8  |   -.663783   .3827591    -1.73   0.090    -1.434699    .1071334
          9  |  -.7511858   .4765452    -1.58   0.122    -1.710997    .2086255
         10  |  -.2001727   .9605739    -0.21   0.836    -2.134868    1.734522
         11  |   -1.44341   .5459077    -2.64   0.011    -2.542924   -.3438951
         12  |  -.4599303    .460841    -1.00   0.324    -1.388112    .4682511
         13  |  -.3107364   .5079403    -0.61   0.544    -1.333781    .7123078
         14  |  -.5290958   1.149676    -0.46   0.648    -2.844661     1.78647
         15  |  -.6535087   .3325893    -1.96   0.056    -1.323378    .0163606
         16  |  -.0780832   .4067571    -0.19   0.849    -.8973341    .7411677
         17  |   .2958314   .6868807     0.43   0.669    -1.087617     1.67928
         18  |  -.5327256    .594034    -0.90   0.375    -1.729171    .6637202
         19  |  -.1019177   .3595465    -0.28   0.778    -.8260816    .6222462
         20  |  -.6589274   .4861684    -1.36   0.182    -1.638121    .3202661
             |
       _cons |   2.976492    .468677     6.35   0.000     2.032528    3.920456
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,027
                                                F(25, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0516
                                                Root MSE          =     2.1708

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.5460673   .0922668    -5.92   0.000     -.731902   -.3602325
      stragi |  -.2530961   .2918959    -0.87   0.391    -.8410046    .3348124
 inter_mafia |  -.2749791   .5453651    -0.50   0.617    -1.373401    .8234425
      female |   -.115129   .1865978    -0.62   0.540    -.4909563    .2606983
   birth_dec |  -.2037887   .0578364    -3.52   0.001    -.3202772   -.0873003
       catho |   .3205799    .155377     2.06   0.045     .0076345    .6335252
       boost |   .0190499   .1289175     0.15   0.883    -.2406032    .2787029
  2.edufirst |   .6494095   .2670291     2.43   0.019     .1115854    1.187234
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |   3.343789   .3002688    11.14   0.000     2.739016    3.948561
          3  |  -.6056884   .3232936    -1.87   0.068    -1.256835    .0454583
          4  |  -.4714499   .8442852    -0.56   0.579    -2.171928    1.229028
          5  |  -.2708854   .3760192    -0.72   0.475    -1.028227    .4864562
          6  |  -.6183325   .5168247    -1.20   0.238    -1.659271    .4226058
          7  |  -.0682968    .409236    -0.17   0.868    -.8925405    .7559469
          8  |  -.9237201   .3757071    -2.46   0.018    -1.680433   -.1670072
          9  |  -.9621818   .4301898    -2.24   0.030    -1.828629    -.095735
         10  |  -.8337694   .8016629    -1.04   0.304    -2.448401    .7808625
         11  |  -1.656091   .5285041    -3.13   0.003    -2.720553   -.5916289
         12  |  -.6549381   .4291562    -1.53   0.134    -1.519303    .2094268
         13  |  -.5176128   .5967025    -0.87   0.390    -1.719433    .6842077
         14  |  -.6086534   .7124184    -0.85   0.397    -2.043538    .8262309
         15  |  -.8005426   .3120708    -2.57   0.014    -1.429085   -.1719998
         16  |   -.375758   .3370645    -1.11   0.271    -1.054641    .3031247
         17  |  -.3422593   .7156251    -0.48   0.635    -1.783602    1.099084
         18  |  -.7777469   .4797606    -1.62   0.112    -1.744034    .1885406
         19  |   .0381723   .3395752     0.11   0.911    -.6457672    .7221118
         20  |  -.4013719   .4862856    -0.83   0.414    -1.380801    .5780575
             |
       _cons |   4.801245    .364112    13.19   0.000     4.067886    5.534604
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.10
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser {
  2. 
. reg `var' T d_unemp inter_unemp female birth_dec catho boost i.edufirst i.cod
> e_region_child_istat  if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }
note: 20.code_region_child_istat omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,029
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0368
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2169

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.4051836   .2210683    -1.83   0.073     -.850438    .0400708
     d_unemp |  -.5648671   .6156135    -0.92   0.364    -1.804776    .6750421
 inter_unemp |   .0205437   .1251002     0.16   0.870     -.231421    .2725084
      female |   .0485498   .1732985     0.28   0.781    -.3004913     .397591
   birth_dec |  -.0706694   .0607918    -1.16   0.251    -.1931103    .0517715
       catho |   .3548934   .1516316     2.34   0.024     .0494918     .660295
       boost |   .0185801   .1487415     0.12   0.901    -.2810007    .3181609
  2.edufirst |   .9517554   .2667514     3.57   0.001     .4144904     1.48902
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |  -2.179412   .5115654    -4.26   0.000    -3.209757   -1.149066
          3  |  -.9296108   .9788647    -0.95   0.347    -2.901146    1.041924
          4  |  -1.843474   1.150504    -1.60   0.116    -4.160708    .4737593
          5  |  -.7040154   .9138304    -0.77   0.445    -2.544564    1.136533
          6  |   -1.06794   .8125918    -1.31   0.195    -2.704584    .5687035
          7  |   1.333224   1.721439     0.77   0.443    -2.133932     4.80038
          8  |  -1.583203   1.075196    -1.47   0.148    -3.748759    .5823537
          9  |  -1.016499    .865777    -1.17   0.247    -2.760263    .7272659
         10  |   .4094666   1.097426     0.37   0.711    -1.800863    2.619796
         11  |  -2.251103   .9759937    -2.31   0.026    -4.216855   -.2853508
         12  |   .1267828   .5400396     0.23   0.815    -.9609128    1.214478
         13  |  -1.390389    1.43523    -0.97   0.338    -4.281092    1.500313
         14  |   .7214979   1.235578     0.58   0.562    -1.767085     3.21008
         15  |   1.482572    2.29143     0.65   0.521    -3.132606     6.09775
         16  |   .5162507   .5710696     0.90   0.371    -.6339424    1.666444
         17  |   .7464781   1.180979     0.63   0.531    -1.632135    3.125092
         18  |  -.1155207   .5366243    -0.22   0.831    -1.196338    .9652962
         19  |   .5486388   .7709265     0.71   0.480    -1.004087    2.101365
         20  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       _cons |   3.458174   1.073137     3.22   0.002     1.296765    5.619584
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: 20.code_region_child_istat omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,029
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0451
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3423

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.4816063   .1167512    -4.13   0.000    -.7167553   -.2464572
     d_unemp |  -.8189938   .6062902    -1.35   0.184    -2.040125    .4021373
 inter_unemp |  -.1242091    .088077    -1.41   0.165    -.3016053    .0531871
      female |  -.2230505    .178557    -1.25   0.218    -.5826827    .1365817
   birth_dec |  -.0692472   .0567747    -1.22   0.229    -.1835974     .045103
       catho |   .4449395   .1562358     2.85   0.007     .1302644    .7596146
       boost |   .1178783    .144055     0.82   0.418    -.1722633      .40802
  2.edufirst |   .8940298   .3142791     2.84   0.007     .2610391     1.52702
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |  -3.031976   .5373835    -5.64   0.000    -4.114322    -1.94963
          3  |  -1.150906   .9538574    -1.21   0.234    -3.072074    .7702613
          4  |   -2.29455   .9942669    -2.31   0.026    -4.297107   -.2919941
          5  |  -.8627086   .8666275    -1.00   0.325    -2.608186    .8827688
          6  |  -1.724565   .8280869    -2.08   0.043    -3.392418   -.0567124
          7  |   2.126384   1.691922     1.26   0.215    -1.281322    5.534091
          8  |  -1.843752   1.073088    -1.72   0.093    -4.005062    .3175583
          9  |  -1.434711     .83217    -1.72   0.092    -3.110787    .2413656
         10  |   1.035039   1.331737     0.78   0.441    -1.647217    3.717296
         11  |  -2.340736   1.009744    -2.32   0.025    -4.374465   -.3070075
         12  |   .3213582   .5578318     0.58   0.567    -.8021728    1.444889
         13  |  -1.780024   1.421508    -1.25   0.217    -4.643088    1.083041
         14  |   .7879862   1.313262     0.60   0.552    -1.857059    3.433031
         15  |   2.570501   2.287988     1.12   0.267    -2.037743    7.178745
         16  |   .9073397   .6096214     1.49   0.144    -.3205009     2.13518
         17  |   1.777651   1.256626     1.41   0.164     -.753325    4.308626
         18  |  -.0394534   .5237549    -0.08   0.940     -1.09435    1.015443
         19  |   1.040259   .7870604     1.32   0.193    -.5449621     2.62548
         20  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       _cons |     4.0281   1.082951     3.72   0.001     1.846925    6.209275
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: 20.code_region_child_istat omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,027
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0504
                                                Root MSE          =     2.1711

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.5494977   .2638914    -2.08   0.043    -1.081002   -.0179931
     d_unemp |  -.5026046   .6080292    -0.83   0.413    -1.727238     .722029
 inter_unemp |  -.0024641   .1282254    -0.02   0.985    -.2607234    .2557951
      female |  -.1190419    .186825    -0.64   0.527    -.4953269     .257243
   birth_dec |  -.2013127   .0584269    -3.45   0.001    -.3189905    -.083635
       catho |   .3257119   .1573248     2.07   0.044     .0088435    .6425803
       boost |   .0222151   .1263638     0.18   0.861    -.2322946    .2767248
  2.edufirst |   .6473117   .2659619     2.43   0.019      .111637    1.182986
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |   3.839079   .4822108     7.96   0.000     2.867856    4.810301
          3  |  -1.273768    .926409    -1.37   0.176    -3.139652    .5921152
          4  |  -1.078396   1.140031    -0.95   0.349    -3.374537    1.217744
          5  |   -.824949   .9255569    -0.89   0.378    -2.689116    1.039218
          6  |  -.9689511   .7809887    -1.24   0.221    -2.541943    .6040409
          7  |   1.391571    1.63964     0.85   0.401    -1.910833    4.693975
          8  |  -1.627347   1.022937    -1.59   0.119    -3.687648    .4329534
          9  |  -1.421222   .7623669    -1.86   0.069    -2.956708    .1142636
         10  |  -.0805137   1.119876    -0.07   0.943    -2.336061    2.175033
         11  |  -2.209595   1.033868    -2.14   0.038    -4.291912   -.1272775
         12  |  -.3193378     .52135    -0.61   0.543    -1.369391     .730715
         13  |  -1.424548   1.417387    -1.01   0.320    -4.279313    1.430216
         14  |   .1933049   1.100836     0.18   0.861    -2.023894    2.410503
         15  |   1.159562   2.229268     0.52   0.606    -3.330414    5.649537
         16  |   .2262571   .5620911     0.40   0.689    -.9058525    1.358367
         17  |    .561897   1.043567     0.54   0.593    -1.539955    2.663749
         18  |  -.4777831   .4547223    -1.05   0.299    -1.393641    .4380746
         19  |   .6729469   .7588557     0.89   0.380    -.8554669    2.201361
         20  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       _cons |   5.447279   1.023153     5.32   0.000     3.386544    7.508014
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.11
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser {
  2. 
. reg `var' T d_pil_xc inter_gdp female birth_dec catho boost i.edufirst i.code
> _region_child_istat  if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }
note: 20.code_region_child_istat omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,029
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0376
                                                Root MSE          =      2.216

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.8768657   .4695435    -1.87   0.068    -1.822575    .0688433
    d_pil_xc |   .2146252   .2496732     0.86   0.395    -.2882425    .7174928
   inter_gdp |   .3173471   .2657613     1.19   0.239    -.2179237    .8526178
      female |   .0470812   .1735091     0.27   0.787    -.3023841    .3965465
   birth_dec |  -.0706715   .0606391    -1.17   0.250    -.1928049    .0514619
       catho |   .3509632    .151183     2.32   0.025      .046465    .6554614
       boost |    .015088   .1478923     0.10   0.919    -.2827823    .3129584
  2.edufirst |   .9570847   .2689032     3.56   0.001     .4154858    1.498684
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |  -2.600667    .288829    -9.00   0.000    -3.182399   -2.018935
          3  |  -.2390016   .3364633    -0.71   0.481    -.9166734    .4386702
          4  |  -1.066615   .6364254    -1.68   0.101    -2.348442    .2152113
          5  |  -.0345885   .4006987    -0.09   0.932    -.8416372    .7724601
          6  |  -.7641783   .5932082    -1.29   0.204    -1.958961    .4306044
          7  |  -.1706418   .4190271    -0.41   0.686    -1.014606    .6733221
          8  |  -.7788737   .3618455    -2.15   0.037    -1.507668   -.0500794
          9  |  -.3963139   .4147926    -0.96   0.344    -1.231749    .4391213
         10  |  -.1925832   .8011747    -0.24   0.811    -1.806232    1.421065
         11  |  -1.445563   .3685393    -3.92   0.000    -2.187839    -.703287
         12  |  -.1644472   .3713358    -0.44   0.660    -.9123558    .5834615
         13  |  -.1123188   .4845026    -0.23   0.818    -1.088157    .8635195
         14  |   .1075773     1.0284     0.10   0.917    -1.963727    2.178882
         15  |  -.2946954   .4475634    -0.66   0.514    -1.196134    .6067435
         16  |    .146884   .3245518     0.45   0.653    -.5067968    .8005649
         17  |   .0104228   .7101016     0.01   0.988    -1.419795    1.440641
         18  |  -.0619495    .547103    -0.11   0.910    -1.163871    1.039972
         19  |   .2446293   .4824582     0.51   0.615    -.7270914     1.21635
         20  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       _cons |    2.15719   .5829001     3.70   0.001     .9831693    3.331211
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: 20.code_region_child_istat omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,029
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0466
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3406

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -1.588065   .3859451    -4.11   0.000    -2.365398   -.8107316
    d_pil_xc |   .3107064   .2447268     1.27   0.211    -.1821986    .8036114
   inter_gdp |   .5345641   .1741559     3.07   0.004     .1837961    .8853321
      female |  -.2217962   .1784889    -1.24   0.220    -.5812913     .137699
   birth_dec |  -.0696771   .0567327    -1.23   0.226    -.1839427    .0445884
       catho |     .44232   .1559064     2.84   0.007     .1283084    .7563316
       boost |   .1122784    .144111     0.78   0.440     -.177976    .4025329
  2.edufirst |   .8965608   .3157909     2.84   0.007     .2605253    1.532596
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |  -3.644441   .2947762   -12.36   0.000    -4.238151   -3.050732
          3  |  -.1337711   .3277492    -0.41   0.685     -.793892    .5263498
          4  |  -1.169455   .4936364    -2.37   0.022     -2.16369   -.1752203
          5  |   .1093581   .3785773     0.29   0.774    -.6531356    .8718519
          6  |  -1.275684   .5984381    -2.13   0.039    -2.481001   -.0703681
          7  |  -.0953234    .441232    -0.22   0.830    -.9840104    .7933635
          8  |  -.6479307   .3702798    -1.75   0.087    -1.393713    .0978511
          9  |  -.5245571   .4001118    -1.31   0.196    -1.330424    .2813094
         10  |   .1617283   1.001784     0.16   0.872    -1.855968    2.179425
         11  |  -1.173867   .5043302    -2.33   0.024     -2.18964   -.1580942
         12  |  -.1029355   .3869493    -0.27   0.791    -.8822913    .6764204
         13  |   .0712137   .4335396     0.16   0.870    -.8019799    .9444073
         14  |  -.1036736   1.116052    -0.09   0.926    -2.351517     2.14417
         15  |   -.042006   .4624342    -0.09   0.928    -.9733964    .8893843
         16  |   .3660981   .3559087     1.03   0.309    -.3507388    1.082935
         17  |   .7099674   .7375233     0.96   0.341    -.7754807    2.195416
         18  |   .0387449   .5343029     0.07   0.943    -1.037396    1.114886
         19  |   .5938797   .4870804     1.22   0.229    -.3871507     1.57491
         20  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       _cons |   2.145863   .5989345     3.58   0.001     .9395476    3.352179
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: 20.code_region_child_istat omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,027
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0504
                                                Root MSE          =     2.1711

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.4563031   .5573086    -0.82   0.417     -1.57878     .666174
    d_pil_xc |   .2084812   .2504773     0.83   0.410    -.2960059    .7129684
   inter_gdp |  -.0607688   .3452711    -0.18   0.861    -.7561805    .6346429
      female |  -.1187963   .1869891    -0.64   0.528    -.4954118    .2578192
   birth_dec |  -.2013025   .0584398    -3.44   0.001    -.3190063   -.0835987
       catho |   .3264177   .1570719     2.08   0.043     .0100586    .6427767
       boost |   .0229159   .1274295     0.18   0.858    -.2337402    .2795721
  2.edufirst |   .6462739   .2657505     2.43   0.019     .1110248    1.181523
             |
code_regio.. |
          2  |   3.457714   .2379556    14.53   0.000     2.978447    3.936982
          3  |  -.6449572   .2766658    -2.33   0.024    -1.202191   -.0877236
          4  |  -.3939363   .8447827    -0.47   0.643    -2.095416    1.307543
          5  |  -.2354192   .3537068    -0.67   0.509    -.9478213    .4769829
          6  |  -.6767827   .5518039    -1.23   0.226    -1.788173    .4346073
          7  |   .0602829   .3752724     0.16   0.873    -.6955545    .8161204
          8  |  -.8842604   .3637898    -2.43   0.019    -1.616971     -.15155
          9  |  -.8625457    .369945    -2.33   0.024    -1.607653   -.1174383
         10  |  -.6091366   .8065745    -0.76   0.454    -2.233661    1.015388
         11  |  -1.490876   .4652999    -3.20   0.002    -2.428038   -.5537142
         12  |   -.571633   .3252065    -1.76   0.086    -1.226632    .0833665
         13  |  -.2807502   .5650621    -0.50   0.622    -1.418844    .8573434
         14  |  -.3439647   .7287756    -0.47   0.639    -1.811794    1.123865
         15  |  -.4308533   .3965115    -1.09   0.283    -1.229468    .3677619
         16  |  -.1018798   .2710772    -0.38   0.709    -.6478574    .4440978
         17  |  -.0831085    .657668    -0.13   0.900     -1.40772    1.241503
         18  |  -.4216562   .4800605    -0.88   0.384    -1.388548    .5452353
         19  |   .3830289   .4597574     0.83   0.409    -.5429701    1.309028
         20  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       _cons |   4.257583   .5651645     7.53   0.000     3.119283    5.395882
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.12
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. reg populists T female birth_dec boost female i.birth_dec catho i.edufirst i.
> code_region_resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
note: female omitted because of collinearity.
note: 5.birth_dec omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(26, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0508
                                                Root MSE          =     .47176

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0843059   .0372822     2.26   0.029     .0092157    .1593962
      female |  -.0619849   .0381601    -1.62   0.111    -.1388433    .0148734
   birth_dec |   .0027748   .0160469     0.17   0.863    -.0295455     .035095
       boost |   .0203311   .0470003     0.43   0.667    -.0743324    .1149945
      female |          0  (omitted)
             |
   birth_dec |
         60  |   .1040201    .044625     2.33   0.024     .0141406    .1938996
         70  |   .1005546   .0419731     2.40   0.021     .0160164    .1850928
         80  |   .0939951   .0556304     1.69   0.098    -.0180504    .2060405
         90  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       catho |   .1135231   .0377024     3.01   0.004     .0375865    .1894597
  2.edufirst |  -.1064723   .0641778    -1.66   0.104     -.235733    .0227883
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.5171261   .0888771    -5.82   0.000    -.6961339   -.3381184
          3  |   .0504889   .0908624     0.56   0.581    -.1325174    .2334952
          4  |   .2736496   .1665464     1.64   0.107    -.0617921    .6090913
          5  |    .081852   .0957966     0.85   0.397    -.1110923    .2747964
          6  |   .1842006   .1225863     1.50   0.140    -.0627008     .431102
          7  |   .0929806   .1068153     0.87   0.389    -.1221563    .3081176
          8  |   .1231909   .1060953     1.16   0.252     -.090496    .3368778
          9  |   .0575916   .1067246     0.54   0.592    -.1573627     .272546
         10  |   .0966342   .1619137     0.60   0.554    -.2294767    .4227451
         11  |   .3491532   .0966761     3.61   0.001     .1544376    .5438688
         12  |    .107946   .0975794     1.11   0.275    -.0885889     .304481
         13  |  -.0433218   .1260912    -0.34   0.733    -.2972825     .210639
         14  |   .0136827   .2867212     0.05   0.962    -.5638035    .5911688
         15  |   .0169625   .0898272     0.19   0.851    -.1639588    .1978837
         16  |   .0417788   .0780297     0.54   0.595    -.1153811    .1989387
         18  |  -.0122106    .136693    -0.09   0.929    -.2875245    .2631032
         19  |   .0476503   .0858896     0.55   0.582    -.1253403    .2206409
         20  |   .1989689    .119239     1.67   0.102    -.0411907    .4391286
             |
       _cons |   .5378555   .1079052     4.98   0.000     .3205232    .7551878
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. ta first if e(sample)

  Cohort of |
 first time |
     voters |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
------------+-----------------------------------
 53-54/1972 |         17        1.98        1.98
 55-58/1976 |         44        5.13        7.12
 59-61/1979 |         52        6.07       13.19
 62-65/1983 |         66        7.70       20.89
 66-69/1987 |         79        9.22       30.11
 70-74/1992 |        104       12.14       42.24
 75-76/1994 |         53        6.18       48.42
 77-78/1996 |         44        5.13       53.56
 79-83/2001 |        120       14.00       67.56
 84-88/2006 |        123       14.35       81.91
 89-90/2008 |         34        3.97       85.88
 91-95/2013 |         87       10.15       96.03
 96-00/2020 |         34        3.97      100.00
------------+-----------------------------------
      Total |        857      100.00

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.13
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. stddiff T female catho  edufirst_2  unemployed if country==6, by(nofollow) he
> dgesg

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |       nofollow=0        |       nofollow=1        |
             | Mean or N     SD or (%) | Mean or N     SD or (%) |  Std Diff
-------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------
           T |    .06327        .24356 |    .05237        .22305 |    0.04575
      female |     .6604        .47381 |     .6484        .47807 |    0.02521
       catho |     .7545         .4306 |     .7332        .44286 |    0.04910
  edufirst_2 |     .9205         .2706 |     .9352        .24655 |   -0.05535
  unemployed |      .141        .34815 |     .1122        .31603 |    0.08459
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.14
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. fvset base 6 first

. 
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser  {
  2.         
. reg `var' i.first female  boost female catho i.code_region_resid_istat i.eduf
> irst if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }
note: female omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,450
                                                F(35, 46)         =      22.41
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0258
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2443

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |   .2774085   .2804185     0.99   0.328    -.2870446    .8418617
 55-58/1976  |   .2837761   .2920657     0.97   0.336    -.3041217    .8716739
 59-61/1979  |    .105373   .1903318     0.55   0.583    -.2777451    .4884911
 62-65/1983  |  -.0260521   .0939109    -0.28   0.783    -.2150848    .1629806
 66-69/1987  |   .2587446   .1007314     2.57   0.014     .0559829    .4615064
 75-76/1994  |  -.3667048   .1359893    -2.70   0.010    -.6404371   -.0929725
 77-78/1996  |  -.2878848   .1828044    -1.57   0.122     -.655851    .0800814
 79-83/2001  |  -.2666807   .1879153    -1.42   0.163    -.6449346    .1115732
 84-88/2006  |  -.1019262   .1496956    -0.68   0.499    -.4032477    .1993954
 89-90/2008  |  -.2057305   .0907296    -2.27   0.028    -.3883597   -.0231013
 91-95/2013  |   .2392846   .1972955     1.21   0.231    -.1578507    .6364199
 96-00/2020  |   .1519998   .3130945     0.49   0.630    -.4782267    .7822262
             |
      female |  -.0125979    .138646    -0.09   0.928    -.2916777     .266482
       boost |   .0782631   .1463321     0.53   0.595    -.2162881    .3728143
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .3475334     .12309     2.82   0.007     .0997661    .5953008
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .2737388   1.978384     0.14   0.891    -3.708541    4.256018
          3  |   .0386576   .2526052     0.15   0.879    -.4698102    .5471255
          4  |  -.1566304   .4171156    -0.38   0.709    -.9962406    .6829797
          5  |   .1110704   .2759058     0.40   0.689     -.444299    .6664399
          6  |  -.3669325   .4734121    -0.78   0.442    -1.319862    .5859967
          7  |  -.0448457   .4031212    -0.11   0.912    -.8562866    .7665952
          8  |  -.2948954    .274659    -1.07   0.289    -.8477553    .2579646
          9  |  -.3071723   .3565541    -0.86   0.393    -1.024879     .410534
         10  |   .2381982   .7313473     0.33   0.746    -1.233927    1.710324
         11  |   -.289503   .3742097    -0.77   0.443    -1.042748    .4637421
         12  |   -.211154   .3012494    -0.70   0.487    -.8175376    .3952295
         13  |   .0044937   .5286674     0.01   0.993    -1.059659    1.068646
         14  |  -.5005921   1.316535    -0.38   0.706    -3.150639    2.149455
         15  |  -.4092116   .3099635    -1.32   0.193    -1.033136    .2147125
         16  |   .0215828   .2997273     0.07   0.943    -.5817371    .6249026
         17  |  -1.671245   .4223321    -3.96   0.000    -2.521355   -.8211345
         18  |  -.1189653   .5263924    -0.23   0.822    -1.178538    .9406078
         19  |   .1316167   .3232585     0.41   0.686    -.5190689    .7823023
         20  |   .0054657    .379989     0.01   0.989    -.7594124    .7703438
             |
  2.edufirst |   .7617169   .2183065     3.49   0.001     .3222887    1.201145
       _cons |    2.36081   .3668745     6.43   0.000      1.62233     3.09929
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,449
                                                F(35, 46)         =      11.34
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0314
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3474

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |   .4951636   .1586309     3.12   0.003     .1758561    .8144711
 55-58/1976  |   .0281645   .2228309     0.13   0.900    -.4203709    .4766999
 59-61/1979  |   .1875877     .25014     0.75   0.457    -.3159179    .6910933
 62-65/1983  |  -.0822107   .1428829    -0.58   0.568     -.369819    .2053976
 66-69/1987  |   .3941241   .1642243     2.40   0.021     .0635576    .7246905
 75-76/1994  |  -.6331662   .2201757    -2.88   0.006    -1.076357   -.1899754
 77-78/1996  |   .0047321   .1848147     0.03   0.980    -.3672805    .3767448
 79-83/2001  |  -.1487742   .2264288    -0.66   0.514    -.6045517    .3070033
 84-88/2006  |  -.0896619   .1678748    -0.53   0.596    -.4275763    .2482525
 89-90/2008  |  -.0399473   .1933787    -0.21   0.837    -.4291985    .3493038
 91-95/2013  |   .1601901   .2267102     0.71   0.483    -.2961538    .6165341
 96-00/2020  |   .2014175   .3237459     0.62   0.537    -.4502492    .8530842
             |
      female |  -.2079372   .1461695    -1.42   0.162    -.5021611    .0862867
       boost |   .0784259   .1503792     0.52   0.605    -.2242717    .3811235
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |     .40783   .1314197     3.10   0.003     .1432958    .6723641
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .0477211   2.721895     0.02   0.986    -5.431169    5.526611
          3  |   .0314633   .2364754     0.13   0.895    -.4445371    .5074637
          4  |  -.4353052   .3939731    -1.10   0.275    -1.228332    .3577215
          5  |   .0883887   .2774604     0.32   0.751    -.4701101    .6468874
          6  |  -.4621684   .4672984    -0.99   0.328    -1.402791    .4784545
          7  |  -.1213705   .3760586    -0.32   0.748    -.8783373    .6355962
          8  |  -.5066361   .2868409    -1.77   0.084    -1.084017    .0707447
          9  |  -.5359929   .3682039    -1.46   0.152    -1.277149    .2051631
         10  |   .2735773   .8182577     0.33   0.740     -1.37349    1.920645
         11  |  -.5323967   .3351978    -1.59   0.119    -1.207115    .1423215
         12  |  -.3276868   .2870782    -1.14   0.260    -.9055453    .2501717
         13  |    .196999   .5172588     0.38   0.705    -.8441889    1.238187
         14  |  -.8215709   1.546738    -0.53   0.598    -3.934994    2.291852
         15  |  -.3482647   .2934113    -1.19   0.241     -.938871    .2423416
         16  |  -.0159971   .2949024    -0.05   0.957    -.6096049    .5776108
         17  |  -1.196429   .6650983    -1.80   0.079    -2.535203    .1423443
         18  |  -.2334126   .5111395    -0.46   0.650    -1.262283    .7954578
         19  |   .0927321   .3229345     0.29   0.775    -.5573014    .7427656
         20  |  -.2041382   .3844468    -0.53   0.598    -.9779894     .569713
             |
  2.edufirst |   .6699909   .2550509     2.63   0.012     .1566001    1.183382
       _cons |   2.663102   .3578307     7.44   0.000     1.942826    3.383378
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: female omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,447
                                                F(35, 46)         =   62917.36
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0387
                                                Root MSE          =     2.1947

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |   .4977601   .3915846     1.27   0.210    -.2904589    1.285979
 55-58/1976  |   .1263927    .316528     0.40   0.692    -.5107451    .7635306
 59-61/1979  |   .3678302   .2059236     1.79   0.081    -.0466725    .7823329
 62-65/1983  |   .0876978    .232906     0.38   0.708    -.3811177    .5565133
 66-69/1987  |   .4186991   .1796941     2.33   0.024     .0569937    .7804046
 75-76/1994  |  -.2832249   .1593362    -1.78   0.082    -.6039521    .0375023
 77-78/1996  |  -.1557474    .168038    -0.93   0.359    -.4939904    .1824957
 79-83/2001  |  -.1467087    .256779    -0.57   0.571    -.6635779    .3701605
 84-88/2006  |  -.0971661   .2085299    -0.47   0.643    -.5169151     .322583
 89-90/2008  |  -.3000679   .1539518    -1.95   0.057    -.6099567    .0098209
 91-95/2013  |  -.2116114   .2554857    -0.83   0.412    -.7258776    .3026547
 96-00/2020  |  -.2183159   .3132221    -0.70   0.489    -.8487992    .4121674
             |
      female |  -.0835366   .1733222    -0.48   0.632    -.4324161     .265343
       boost |   .0213747    .137834     0.16   0.877    -.2560707    .2988202
      female |          0  (omitted)
       catho |   .3566079   .1250398     2.85   0.006     .1049158       .6083
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   3.499987   .2139232    16.36   0.000     3.069382    3.930592
          3  |  -.3563994   .2415845    -1.48   0.147    -.8426838     .129885
          4  |   .1407344   .5227551     0.27   0.789     -.911517    1.192986
          5  |  -.0967067   .2672889    -0.36   0.719    -.6347314     .441318
          6  |  -.2128612   .4577779    -0.46   0.644     -1.13432     .708598
          7  |  -.2563021   .3601064    -0.71   0.480    -.9811587    .4685544
          8  |  -.8094304   .2683654    -3.02   0.004    -1.349622   -.2692389
          9  |  -.7213195   .3151853    -2.29   0.027    -1.355755   -.0868844
         10  |  -.4957143   .6750819    -0.73   0.466    -1.854584    .8631551
         11  |  -.9485682   .4252109    -2.23   0.031    -1.804473   -.0926632
         12  |  -.5721795   .2457766    -2.33   0.024    -1.066902   -.0774568
         13  |  -.3329555   .4989355    -0.67   0.508    -1.337261    .6713497
         14  |  -.6912149   .9148463    -0.76   0.454    -2.532705    1.150275
         15  |  -.7433855   .2546314    -2.92   0.005    -1.255932   -.2308391
         16  |  -.1866462    .286276    -0.65   0.518    -.7628898    .3895974
         17  |  -.9842486   .4193824    -2.35   0.023    -1.828422   -.1400756
         18  |  -.4976034   .4250472    -1.17   0.248    -1.353179    .3579721
         19  |   .0408006   .3005287     0.14   0.893    -.5641323    .6457336
         20  |  -.0897179   .3991181    -0.22   0.823    -.8931009    .7136652
             |
  2.edufirst |   .5411004   .2493281     2.17   0.035     .0392289    1.042972
       _cons |   3.961723   .4035784     9.82   0.000     3.149362    4.774085
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. foreach var in  populists {
  2.         
. reg `var' i.first female catho i.education  female boost  i.code_region_resid
> _istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }
note: female omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(34, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0730
                                                Root MSE          =     .46849

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |  -.1231726   .1125699    -1.09   0.280       -.3499    .1035549
 55-58/1976  |  -.1185511   .0710066    -1.67   0.102    -.2615657    .0244635
 59-61/1979  |  -.0650436   .0597183    -1.09   0.282    -.1853224    .0552352
 62-65/1983  |  -.0209194   .0754173    -0.28   0.783    -.1728177    .1309789
 66-69/1987  |  -.0337626   .0510404    -0.66   0.512    -.1365632    .0690381
 75-76/1994  |    .078242   .0347028     2.25   0.029     .0083468    .1481371
 77-78/1996  |   -.050307   .0557372    -0.90   0.372    -.1625676    .0619536
 79-83/2001  |   .0408271   .0570854     0.72   0.478    -.0741487    .1558029
 84-88/2006  |  -.0200161   .0726014    -0.28   0.784    -.1662428    .1262107
 89-90/2008  |  -.0678111   .0392958    -1.73   0.091    -.1469569    .0113348
 91-95/2013  |  -.0613549   .0627665    -0.98   0.334    -.1877732    .0650633
 96-00/2020  |  -.2606449   .0927716    -2.81   0.007    -.4474965   -.0737933
             |
      female |   -.071853   .0391666    -1.83   0.073    -.1507386    .0070325
       catho |   .1050355    .037503     2.80   0.007     .0295006    .1805704
             |
   education |
  Secondary  |   -.057858    .062422    -0.93   0.359    -.1835824    .0678664
   Tertiary  |  -.1984282   .0711576    -2.79   0.008     -.341747   -.0551094
             |
      female |          0  (omitted)
       boost |   .0266856   .0450714     0.59   0.557    -.0640929    .1174642
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.4635033   .0908685    -5.10   0.000    -.6465219   -.2804847
          3  |   .0615763   .0900142     0.68   0.497    -.1197215    .2428742
          4  |   .2522726   .1643638     1.53   0.132    -.0787731    .5833184
          5  |    .086934   .0955384     0.91   0.368    -.1054902    .2793582
          6  |   .1839918   .1244111     1.48   0.146    -.0665851    .4345687
          7  |    .073797   .1067786     0.69   0.493    -.1412661    .2888601
          8  |    .127945   .1034313     1.24   0.223    -.0803764    .3362663
          9  |   .0582741   .1022805     0.57   0.572    -.1477293    .2642776
         10  |   .1022756   .1743528     0.59   0.560     -.248889    .4534401
         11  |    .355879   .1051401     3.38   0.001     .1441159     .567642
         12  |   .1281195   .1016063     1.26   0.214    -.0765261     .332765
         13  |  -.0045326   .1302959    -0.03   0.972    -.2669619    .2578967
         14  |   .0360788   .2550065     0.14   0.888    -.4775307    .5496884
         15  |   .0110788   .0876411     0.13   0.900    -.1654394     .187597
         16  |   .0372623    .076829     0.49   0.630    -.1174793    .1920039
         18  |  -.0058987   .1313391    -0.04   0.964    -.2704292    .2586318
         19  |   .0559423   .0864761     0.65   0.521    -.1182296    .2301142
         20  |    .192078   .1207101     1.59   0.119    -.0510445    .4352006
             |
       _cons |   .6698744   .0995193     6.73   0.000     .4694322    .8703166
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.15
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. fvset base 6 first

. 
. foreach var in trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser {
  2. 
. reg `var' i.first##1.italy  female birth_dec catho i.edufirst  i.birth_year  
> cou_1 cou_2 cou_3 cou_4 cou_5 cou_7 if boost!=1, r cluster(birth_year)
  3. }
note: 1958.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1961.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1965.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1969.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1974.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1976.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1978.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1983.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1988.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1989.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1990.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1995.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1999.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_5 omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_7 omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      6,140
                                                F(19, 46)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1131
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3099

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |  -.0891907   .0746844    -1.19   0.239    -.2395226    .0611413
 55-58/1976  |  -.0244121   .0612727    -0.40   0.692    -.1477476    .0989234
 59-61/1979  |   .0112467   .0530976     0.21   0.833    -.0956332    .1181265
 62-65/1983  |   .0914222   .0451499     2.02   0.049     .0005402    .1823042
 66-69/1987  |   .0946014   .0452343     2.09   0.042     .0035495    .1856534
 75-76/1994  |   .0631837   .0326998     1.93   0.060    -.0026375     .129005
 77-78/1996  |   .0041802   .0439289     0.10   0.925    -.0842441    .0926045
 79-83/2001  |  -.4150305   .0506885    -8.19   0.000    -.5170612   -.3129998
 84-88/2006  |   -.023219   .0488456    -0.48   0.637    -.1215401    .0751021
 89-90/2008  |  -.3201322   .0455077    -7.03   0.000    -.4117343     -.22853
 91-95/2013  |   .0376575   .0771481     0.49   0.628    -.1176335    .1929485
 96-00/2020  |  -.0540926    .123642    -0.44   0.664    -.3029712    .1947859
             |
       italy |
      Italy  |  -.2982508   .1871394    -1.59   0.118    -.6749428    .0784413
             |
 first#italy |
 53-54/1972 #|
      Italy  |   .2930411   .4025702     0.73   0.470    -.5172907    1.103373
 55-58/1976 #|
      Italy  |   .1473411   .2156112     0.68   0.498    -.2866617    .5813438
 59-61/1979 #|
      Italy  |   .0310341   .2354021     0.13   0.896    -.4428058     .504874
 62-65/1983 #|
      Italy  |  -.2442311   .1656341    -1.47   0.147    -.5776352     .089173
 66-69/1987 #|
      Italy  |   .1608714   .1665411     0.97   0.339    -.1743584    .4961012
 75-76/1994 #|
      Italy  |  -.5790624    .143003    -4.05   0.000    -.8669125   -.2912124
 77-78/1996 #|
      Italy  |  -.6706191   .2374109    -2.82   0.007    -1.148502   -.1927358
 79-83/2001 #|
      Italy  |  -.3586168   .1724434    -2.08   0.043    -.7057273   -.0115063
 84-88/2006 #|
      Italy  |  -.1979057   .2028556    -0.98   0.334    -.6062329    .2104215
 89-90/2008 #|
      Italy  |   -.328727   .3279711    -1.00   0.321    -.9888985    .3314445
 91-95/2013 #|
      Italy  |  -.1201831   .2442672    -0.49   0.625    -.6118674    .3715013
 96-00/2020 #|
      Italy  |   -.437833   .3281634    -1.33   0.189    -1.098392    .2227256
             |
      female |  -.2394586   .0661464    -3.62   0.001    -.3726043   -.1063128
   birth_dec |   .1336983   .0263106     5.08   0.000     .0807378    .1866588
       catho |   .4832067   .1330395     3.63   0.001      .215412    .7510015
  2.edufirst |   .6049746   .2103619     2.88   0.006     .1815381    1.028411
             |
  birth_year |
       1954  |   .3158309    .011291    27.97   0.000     .2931033    .3385585
       1955  |   .4893437   .0130285    37.56   0.000     .4631187    .5155686
       1956  |  -.0163525   .0085048    -1.92   0.061    -.0334717    .0007667
       1957  |   .5189822   .0153858    33.73   0.000     .4880122    .5499523
       1958  |          0  (omitted)
       1959  |   .1310109   .0254893     5.14   0.000     .0797037    .1823181
       1960  |  -.1056879   .0142894    -7.40   0.000     -.134451   -.0769248
       1961  |          0  (omitted)
       1962  |  -.0041983   .0073242    -0.57   0.569     -.018941    .0105445
       1963  |   .0422015   .0116212     3.63   0.001     .0188091    .0655938
       1964  |   .1341353   .0150004     8.94   0.000     .1039411    .1643295
       1965  |          0  (omitted)
       1966  |  -.1148048    .011662    -9.84   0.000    -.1382792   -.0913304
       1967  |   -.113505   .0154849    -7.33   0.000    -.1446744   -.0823355
       1968  |  -.0741042   .0083857    -8.84   0.000    -.0909839   -.0572246
       1969  |          0  (omitted)
       1970  |  -.0572515   .0118922    -4.81   0.000    -.0811894   -.0333137
       1971  |   .0401137   .0091333     4.39   0.000     .0217293    .0584982
       1972  |  -.0807653   .0082328    -9.81   0.000     -.097337   -.0641936
       1973  |  -.1375963    .014426    -9.54   0.000    -.1666343   -.1085583
       1974  |          0  (omitted)
       1975  |  -.2516763   .0143935   -17.49   0.000    -.2806489   -.2227036
       1976  |          0  (omitted)
       1977  |  -.0061768   .0085423    -0.72   0.473    -.0233716    .0110179
       1978  |          0  (omitted)
       1979  |   .5686176   .0417959    13.60   0.000     .4844869    .6527484
       1980  |   .4788104   .0166162    28.82   0.000     .4453637     .512257
       1981  |   .3567287   .0139096    25.65   0.000     .3287301    .3847273
       1982  |  -.0398045   .0137593    -2.89   0.006    -.0675006   -.0121085
       1983  |          0  (omitted)
       1984  |  -.3517208   .0085597   -41.09   0.000    -.3689507    -.334491
       1985  |  -.1029759   .0103808    -9.92   0.000    -.1238713   -.0820805
       1986  |  -.1083734   .0108599    -9.98   0.000    -.1302333   -.0865136
       1987  |  -.2641443    .010665   -24.77   0.000    -.2856118   -.2426768
       1988  |          0  (omitted)
       1989  |          0  (omitted)
       1990  |          0  (omitted)
       1991  |  -.1334647   .0304126    -4.39   0.000     -.194682   -.0722474
       1992  |  -.2800821     .02346   -11.94   0.000    -.3273046   -.2328596
       1993  |  -.3135543   .0139046   -22.55   0.000    -.3415428   -.2855659
       1994  |  -.1150802   .0134684    -8.54   0.000    -.1421908   -.0879697
       1995  |          0  (omitted)
       1996  |  -.2331316   .0405212    -5.75   0.000    -.3146965   -.1515668
       1997  |  -.1043467    .055158    -1.89   0.065     -.215374    .0066806
       1998  |  -.6099479   .0533156   -11.44   0.000    -.7172667   -.5026292
       1999  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       cou_1 |   1.464564   .1145286    12.79   0.000      1.23403    1.695098
       cou_2 |   .7445436   .1511741     4.93   0.000     .4402459    1.048841
       cou_3 |  -.9352733   .1128673    -8.29   0.000    -1.162463   -.7080832
       cou_4 |   .3283215   .1261566     2.60   0.012     .0743814    .5822615
       cou_5 |          0  (omitted)
       cou_7 |          0  (omitted)
       _cons |   2.522145   .2470577    10.21   0.000     2.024843    3.019446
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: 1958.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1961.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1965.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1969.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1974.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1976.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1978.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1983.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1988.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1989.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1990.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1995.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 2000.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_7 omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      7,188
                                                F(20, 47)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0796
                                                Root MSE          =     2.4339

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |   .4225709   .0656338     6.44   0.000     .2905327    .5546091
 55-58/1976  |     .63848    .049024    13.02   0.000     .5398565    .7371035
 59-61/1979  |   .5424846   .0494074    10.98   0.000     .4430897    .6418794
 62-65/1983  |   .2786404   .0498818     5.59   0.000     .1782912    .3789897
 66-69/1987  |   .5017828   .0449136    11.17   0.000     .4114282    .5921373
 75-76/1994  |   .1169142   .0430546     2.72   0.009     .0302995    .2035289
 77-78/1996  |  -.1657191   .0428267    -3.87   0.000    -.2518753    -.079563
 79-83/2001  |  -.4297077   .0476982    -9.01   0.000    -.5256642   -.3337513
 84-88/2006  |  -.2144152   .0445404    -4.81   0.000    -.3040189   -.1248115
 89-90/2008  |  -.4443648   .0453008    -9.81   0.000    -.5354983   -.3532314
 91-95/2013  |  -.4305043   .0690337    -6.24   0.000    -.5693823   -.2916264
 96-00/2020  |  -.9802333   .0886114   -11.06   0.000    -1.158497   -.8019701
             |
       italy |
      Italy  |  -.6761891    .236024    -2.86   0.006    -1.151008     -.20137
             |
 first#italy |
 53-54/1972 #|
      Italy  |    .371822   .3240274     1.15   0.257    -.2800371    1.023681
 55-58/1976 #|
      Italy  |  -.2462915     .20905    -1.18   0.245    -.6668459    .1742629
 59-61/1979 #|
      Italy  |  -.1034786   .2553562    -0.41   0.687     -.617189    .4102317
 62-65/1983 #|
      Italy  |  -.2912415   .2355651    -1.24   0.222    -.7651373    .1826543
 66-69/1987 #|
      Italy  |   .2388251   .2132568     1.12   0.268    -.1901923    .6678426
 75-76/1994 #|
      Italy  |  -.6567142   .2373138    -2.77   0.008    -1.134128   -.1793003
 77-78/1996 #|
      Italy  |   -.135665    .245382    -0.55   0.583    -.6293098    .3579798
 79-83/2001 #|
      Italy  |  -.2738562    .241912    -1.13   0.263    -.7605203     .212808
 84-88/2006 #|
      Italy  |  -.2762757   .2346457    -1.18   0.245    -.7483219    .1957705
 89-90/2008 #|
      Italy  |  -.2470849   .3268658    -0.76   0.453    -.9046541    .4104844
 91-95/2013 #|
      Italy  |  -.0961079   .3121196    -0.31   0.760    -.7240115    .5317957
 96-00/2020 #|
      Italy  |  -.4676134   .3376682    -1.38   0.173    -1.146914    .2116874
             |
      female |  -.2949695   .0641392    -4.60   0.000    -.4240009   -.1659382
   birth_dec |   .3267687   .0185209    17.64   0.000     .2895094    .3640279
       catho |   .5154927   .1281649     4.02   0.000     .2576581    .7733272
  2.edufirst |   .7378752    .197891     3.73   0.001     .3397699    1.135981
             |
  birth_year |
       1954  |   .4237548   .0202678    20.91   0.000     .3829812    .4645285
       1955  |   .4551665   .0144687    31.46   0.000     .4260592    .4842738
       1956  |  -.0970954   .0131609    -7.38   0.000    -.1235718   -.0706189
       1957  |    .361139   .0133947    26.96   0.000     .3341924    .3880856
       1958  |          0  (omitted)
       1959  |   .3689285   .0178515    20.67   0.000     .3330159     .404841
       1960  |    -.25939   .0111577   -23.25   0.000    -.2818364   -.2369436
       1961  |          0  (omitted)
       1962  |   .0517516   .0061561     8.41   0.000      .039367    .0641361
       1963  |   .1965195   .0123372    15.93   0.000     .1717003    .2213388
       1964  |   .2946625   .0138931    21.21   0.000     .2667132    .3226118
       1965  |          0  (omitted)
       1966  |   -.100458   .0117202    -8.57   0.000    -.1240361     -.07688
       1967  |  -.3520101   .0157288   -22.38   0.000    -.3836525   -.3203678
       1968  |  -.1280061   .0081993   -15.61   0.000    -.1445009   -.1115113
       1969  |          0  (omitted)
       1970  |  -.0241618   .0117687    -2.05   0.046    -.0478373   -.0004863
       1971  |   -.070062   .0077114    -9.09   0.000    -.0855753   -.0545488
       1972  |   .1363052   .0083557    16.31   0.000     .1194956    .1531147
       1973  |  -.3137141   .0158098   -19.84   0.000    -.3455193   -.2819089
       1974  |          0  (omitted)
       1975  |   -.296128   .0186981   -15.84   0.000    -.3337437   -.2585122
       1976  |          0  (omitted)
       1977  |   .3658917   .0096867    37.77   0.000     .3464046    .3853789
       1978  |          0  (omitted)
       1979  |   .3871333   .0334255    11.58   0.000     .3198898    .4543767
       1980  |   .4950844   .0139216    35.56   0.000     .4670778     .523091
       1981  |   .2583466   .0158979    16.25   0.000     .2263642     .290329
       1982  |  -.1599988   .0213004    -7.51   0.000    -.2028497   -.1171478
       1983  |          0  (omitted)
       1984  |  -.0319553    .011591    -2.76   0.008    -.0552734   -.0086372
       1985  |  -.1176149   .0101135   -11.63   0.000    -.1379607   -.0972692
       1986  |  -.0152551   .0091936    -1.66   0.104    -.0337503    .0032401
       1987  |  -.1808906   .0080614   -22.44   0.000    -.1971081   -.1646731
       1988  |          0  (omitted)
       1989  |          0  (omitted)
       1990  |          0  (omitted)
       1991  |  -.0897238    .029122    -3.08   0.003    -.1483097   -.0311379
       1992  |  -.3430139   .0225832   -15.19   0.000    -.3884454   -.2975824
       1993  |  -.2484279   .0117008   -21.23   0.000    -.2719668    -.224889
       1994  |  -.0433556   .0136887    -3.17   0.003    -.0708938   -.0158174
       1995  |          0  (omitted)
       1996  |   .3611437    .091359     3.95   0.000     .1773531    .5449343
       1997  |   .3256802   .0831695     3.92   0.000     .1583648    .4929957
       1998  |   .2933178   .0706255     4.15   0.000     .1512376    .4353981
       1999  |   1.125408   .0750631    14.99   0.000     .9744004    1.276415
       2000  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       cou_1 |   .7706424   .1294911     5.95   0.000     .5101398    1.031145
       cou_2 |   .4902686   .1272022     3.85   0.000     .2343707    .7461665
       cou_3 |  -1.190879   .1558912    -7.64   0.000    -1.504492   -.8772664
       cou_4 |  -.4296228   .1328969    -3.23   0.002    -.6969769   -.1622686
       cou_5 |   -.417432   .1225054    -3.41   0.001     -.663881   -.1709829
       cou_7 |          0  (omitted)
       _cons |   2.241613   .2474649     9.06   0.000     1.743778    2.739448
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note: 1958.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1961.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1965.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1969.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1974.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1976.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1978.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1983.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1988.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1989.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1990.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1995.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 2000.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_3 omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_4 omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_7 omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      5,030
                                                F(18, 47)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0915
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2982

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |    .337376   .0616545     5.47   0.000     .2133431    .4614089
 55-58/1976  |   .3266892    .060241     5.42   0.000     .2054999    .4478784
 59-61/1979  |   .4029492   .0536141     7.52   0.000     .2950916    .5108069
 62-65/1983  |  -.0741509   .0656785    -1.13   0.265    -.2062791    .0579773
 66-69/1987  |    .728251   .0791198     9.20   0.000     .5690826    .8874195
 75-76/1994  |   .1457247   .0463164     3.15   0.003      .052548    .2389013
 77-78/1996  |   .0930111   .0473202     1.97   0.055    -.0021849    .1882071
 79-83/2001  |  -.3521432   .0541629    -6.50   0.000    -.4611048   -.2431816
 84-88/2006  |  -.0204694   .0590161    -0.35   0.730    -.1391946    .0982557
 89-90/2008  |  -.0072699   .0498406    -0.15   0.885    -.1075362    .0929965
 91-95/2013  |   -.113245   .0666229    -1.70   0.096    -.2472731     .020783
 96-00/2020  |  -.2200781   .0953711    -2.31   0.025      -.41194   -.0282162
             |
       italy |
      Italy  |  -.3563383   .2051481    -1.74   0.089     -.769043    .0563664
             |
 first#italy |
 53-54/1972 #|
      Italy  |    .157066   .2601664     0.60   0.549    -.3663213    .6804534
 55-58/1976 #|
      Italy  |  -.0664804   .2684013    -0.25   0.805    -.6064341    .4734733
 59-61/1979 #|
      Italy  |   .1585053   .2130288     0.74   0.461    -.2700534    .5870641
 62-65/1983 #|
      Italy  |  -.0404377   .2323962    -0.17   0.863    -.5079585    .4270832
 66-69/1987 #|
      Italy  |   .0603077   .2892013     0.21   0.836    -.5214903    .6421057
 75-76/1994 #|
      Italy  |  -.6579905   .1840802    -3.57   0.001    -1.028312    -.287669
 77-78/1996 #|
      Italy  |  -.4794653   .1768247    -2.71   0.009    -.8351908   -.1237399
 79-83/2001 #|
      Italy  |  -.4390042   .2205591    -1.99   0.052    -.8827118    .0047034
 84-88/2006 #|
      Italy  |  -.4732326   .2641379    -1.79   0.080     -1.00461    .0581444
 89-90/2008 #|
      Italy  |  -.9058476   .2062038    -4.39   0.000    -1.320676   -.4910191
 91-95/2013 #|
      Italy  |  -.5419656    .243004    -2.23   0.031    -1.030827   -.0531046
 96-00/2020 #|
      Italy  |  -1.161384   .2744723    -4.23   0.000    -1.713551   -.6092167
             |
      female |  -.1176134   .0836136    -1.41   0.166    -.2858222    .0505954
   birth_dec |   .2071966   .0144709    14.32   0.000     .1780849    .2363082
       catho |   .3785984    .125832     3.01   0.004      .125457    .6317397
  2.edufirst |   .6865526   .2123248     3.23   0.002     .2594101    1.113695
             |
  birth_year |
       1954  |   .5316414   .0257658    20.63   0.000     .4798073    .5834754
       1955  |    .499162   .0153284    32.56   0.000     .4683253    .5299987
       1956  |   .0572729   .0165568     3.46   0.001     .0239649    .0905808
       1957  |      .1962     .01455    13.48   0.000     .1669291    .2254709
       1958  |          0  (omitted)
       1959  |  -.0529691   .0122407    -4.33   0.000    -.0775943    -.028344
       1960  |  -.2157279   .0116869   -18.46   0.000    -.2392389   -.1922169
       1961  |          0  (omitted)
       1962  |   .2827435   .0086987    32.50   0.000     .2652439     .300243
       1963  |   .4635009   .0190244    24.36   0.000     .4252288    .5017729
       1964  |   .7024327   .0169715    41.39   0.000     .6682906    .7365749
       1965  |          0  (omitted)
       1966  |  -.5968682   .0135702   -43.98   0.000    -.6241678   -.5695685
       1967  |   -.276177   .0117946   -23.42   0.000    -.2999047   -.2524493
       1968  |  -.1519559   .0175991    -8.63   0.000    -.1873608    -.116551
       1969  |          0  (omitted)
       1970  |   .1618311   .0119795    13.51   0.000     .1377314    .1859308
       1971  |    .083946   .0127876     6.56   0.000     .0582207    .1096712
       1972  |  -.1216588   .0126658    -9.61   0.000    -.1471391   -.0961786
       1973  |   -.104061   .0190668    -5.46   0.000    -.1424185   -.0657035
       1974  |          0  (omitted)
       1975  |   .0447117   .0161785     2.76   0.008     .0121646    .0772587
       1976  |          0  (omitted)
       1977  |   .0149687   .0096765     1.55   0.129    -.0044979    .0344353
       1978  |          0  (omitted)
       1979  |   .5104821   .0265304    19.24   0.000     .4571099    .5638543
       1980  |   .8018448   .0160733    49.89   0.000     .7695096    .8341801
       1981  |   .6931117   .0149853    46.25   0.000     .6629651    .7232583
       1982  |   .3007626   .0234451    12.83   0.000     .2535971    .3479282
       1983  |          0  (omitted)
       1984  |    .247073   .0136074    18.16   0.000     .2196984    .2744476
       1985  |   .0595946   .0113663     5.24   0.000     .0367286    .0824606
       1986  |   .2031892   .0110336    18.42   0.000     .1809924     .225386
       1987  |   .1467305   .0135719    10.81   0.000     .1194273    .1740336
       1988  |          0  (omitted)
       1989  |          0  (omitted)
       1990  |          0  (omitted)
       1991  |   .0376287   .0195699     1.92   0.061    -.0017408    .0769982
       1992  |  -.0341916   .0167799    -2.04   0.047    -.0679484   -.0004348
       1993  |  -.1574417   .0114009   -13.81   0.000    -.1803773    -.134506
       1994  |  -.1859522   .0116865   -15.91   0.000    -.2094625   -.1624419
       1995  |          0  (omitted)
       1996  |   .1078281   .1021613     1.06   0.297     -.097694    .3133502
       1997  |  -.1079438   .0897161    -1.20   0.235    -.2884294    .0725418
       1998  |  -.0983762     .07397    -1.33   0.190    -.2471846    .0504322
       1999  |   .8833081   .0763336    11.57   0.000     .7297447    1.036871
       2000  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       cou_1 |   .7888448   .1234215     6.39   0.000     .5405529    1.037137
       cou_2 |   .7118483   .1318173     5.40   0.000      .446666    .9770306
       cou_3 |          0  (omitted)
       cou_4 |          0  (omitted)
       cou_5 |  -.8800085   .1314953    -6.69   0.000    -1.144543   -.6154742
       cou_7 |          0  (omitted)
       _cons |    3.31264   .2735652    12.11   0.000     2.762298    3.862982
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.16
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in  party_3 party_4 {
  2.         
. reg `var' T south inter_south female birth_dec  boost catho i.edufirst i.code
> _region_resid_istat if country==6 , r cluster(birth_year)  
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0873
                                                Root MSE          =     .47876

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_3 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   -.084793   .0992923    -0.85   0.398    -.2847779    .1151919
       south |   .2507009   .0539169     4.65   0.000     .1421067     .359295
 inter_south |   .1293724   .0588297     2.20   0.033     .0108834    .2478614
      female |   -.062732   .0385406    -1.63   0.111    -.1403568    .0148927
   birth_dec |   .0090008   .0132988     0.68   0.502    -.0177843    .0357859
       boost |   .0153428   .0446649     0.34   0.733    -.0746169    .1053026
       catho |    .011508   .0417804     0.28   0.784    -.0726421    .0956582
  2.edufirst |  -.1298362   .0642582    -2.02   0.049    -.2592589   -.0004136
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.2707265   .0681127    -3.97   0.000    -.4079126   -.1335404
          3  |   -.021177   .0716559    -0.30   0.769    -.1654995    .1231454
          4  |   .2972868   .1611108     1.85   0.072     -.027207    .6217807
          5  |   .0059631   .0931084     0.06   0.949    -.1815668     .193493
          6  |   .0653593   .1126826     0.58   0.565    -.1615952    .2923138
          7  |   .1066906   .1180318     0.90   0.371    -.1310376    .3444189
          8  |   .1350048   .1052975     1.28   0.206    -.0770752    .3470848
          9  |   .0338351   .0866195     0.39   0.698    -.1406254    .2082956
         10  |    .236198   .1631603     1.45   0.155    -.0924237    .5648196
         11  |   .1521653   .1097449     1.39   0.172    -.0688722    .3732028
         12  |  -.0570716   .0799529    -0.71   0.479    -.2181051    .1039619
         13  |  -.1406429   .1224316    -1.15   0.257    -.3872328     .105947
         14  |   .1188521   .2836561     0.42   0.677    -.4524606    .6901647
         15  |   .0493146   .0897289     0.55   0.585    -.1314086    .2300378
         16  |   .0820917   .0847756     0.97   0.338    -.0886551    .2528385
         18  |   .0078885   .1197922     0.07   0.948    -.2333853    .2491623
         19  |   .0028747   .0941187     0.03   0.976    -.1866902    .1924396
         20  |   .0317233   .1429088     0.22   0.825    -.2561098    .3195564
             |
       _cons |   .3914397   .1067516     3.67   0.001      .176431    .6064484
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1509
                                                Root MSE          =     .35487

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     party_4 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .1843624   .0431504     4.27   0.000     .0974531    .2712718
       south |    -.20587   .0364144    -5.65   0.000    -.2792125   -.1325276
 inter_south |  -.1680244   .0436952    -3.85   0.000    -.2560311   -.0800178
      female |  -.0170419   .0250767    -0.68   0.500     -.067549    .0334653
   birth_dec |  -.0208298   .0113419    -1.84   0.073    -.0436736     .002014
       boost |   .0164681   .0299132     0.55   0.585    -.0437802    .0767164
       catho |    .123429   .0205158     6.02   0.000      .082108      .16475
  2.edufirst |   .0165791   .0527641     0.31   0.755    -.0896932    .1228515
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.2588596   .0755772    -3.43   0.001    -.4110799   -.1066393
          3  |    .056089   .0847384     0.66   0.511     -.114583     .226761
          4  |  -.2326245   .0820832    -2.83   0.007    -.3979485   -.0673005
          5  |   .0793101   .0971324     0.82   0.419    -.1163246    .2749448
          6  |   .0624044   .1186572     0.53   0.602    -.1765835    .3013923
          7  |  -.0431642   .1066835    -0.40   0.688    -.2580359    .1717075
          8  |  -.0419039   .0833996    -0.50   0.618    -.2098794    .1260716
          9  |  -.0568864   .0961714    -0.59   0.557    -.2505856    .1368128
         10  |  -.2404618   .0839491    -2.86   0.006     -.409544   -.0713795
         11  |   .1753078   .1085165     1.62   0.113    -.0432557    .3938713
         12  |    .068684   .0783017     0.88   0.385    -.0890237    .2263917
         13  |  -.0395616   .0883211    -0.45   0.656    -.2174494    .1383261
         14  |  -.1021662   .0781218    -1.31   0.198    -.2595116    .0551791
         15  |  -.0743057   .0730598    -1.02   0.315    -.2214557    .0728443
         16  |  -.0449911   .0759794    -0.59   0.557    -.1980215    .1080393
         18  |  -.0359626   .0707435    -0.51   0.614    -.1784474    .1065221
         19  |   .0109192   .0849401     0.13   0.898    -.1601589    .1819972
         20  |   .0220689   .1019042     0.22   0.830    -.1831768    .2273145
             |
       _cons |   .2235742   .1094901     2.04   0.047     .0030498    .4440986
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.17
. use ${datain}itanes1996.dta, clear
( )

. 
. foreach var in lega_2 lega_1 an_2 an_1 {
  2. 
. reg `var' T 1.religious_group i.education i.gender i.region  birth_dec if bir
> th!=1977, r cluster(birth)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,108
                                                F(28, 46)         =      18.82
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0965
                                                Root MSE          =     .24147

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      lega_2 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0516463   .0226743    -2.28   0.027    -.0972874   -.0060053
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |   .0354534   .0160345     2.21   0.032     .0031777    .0677291
             |
   education |
Licenza e..  |    .026226   .0436043     0.60   0.550    -.0615449    .1139969
Licenza m..  |    .003917   .0445737     0.09   0.930    -.0858051    .0936391
Diploma p..  |   .0316384   .0515933     0.61   0.543    -.0722134    .1354903
Diploma m..  |   .0066039   .0431705     0.15   0.879    -.0802937    .0935016
Titolo un..  |  -.0099231    .045619    -0.22   0.829    -.1017494    .0819032
             |
    1.gender |  -.0365442   .0126411    -2.89   0.006    -.0619894    -.011099
             |
      region |
          3  |   .0368173   .0358215     1.03   0.309    -.0352876    .1089222
          6  |  -.1063097   .0413489    -2.57   0.013    -.1895408   -.0230787
          7  |   .0042874   .0418114     0.10   0.919    -.0798745    .0884493
          9  |   -.019718   .0474414    -0.42   0.680    -.1152126    .0757765
         10  |  -.0447725   .0508319    -0.88   0.383    -.1470918    .0575468
         11  |  -.0534316   .0341572    -1.56   0.125    -.1221866    .0153233
         12  |  -.1245616   .0293184    -4.25   0.000    -.1835765   -.0655467
         13  |  -.1470279   .0285427    -5.15   0.000    -.2044813   -.0895744
         14  |  -.1442291   .0282338    -5.11   0.000    -.2010607   -.0873975
         15  |  -.1340355   .0284798    -4.71   0.000    -.1913623   -.0767086
         17  |  -.1455017   .0290312    -5.01   0.000    -.2039384    -.087065
         18  |  -.1424034   .0276156    -5.16   0.000    -.1979907    -.086816
         19  |  -.1390988   .0267649    -5.20   0.000    -.1929737   -.0852239
         21  |  -.1392669   .0266709    -5.22   0.000    -.1929527   -.0855812
         22  |  -.1332721   .0283815    -4.70   0.000    -.1904011   -.0761432
         23  |  -.1441495   .0264705    -5.45   0.000    -.1974318   -.0908672
         24  |   -.143175   .0269568    -5.31   0.000    -.1974362   -.0889138
         26  |   -.139447   .0273753    -5.09   0.000    -.1945505   -.0843435
         27  |  -.1448904   .0281294    -5.15   0.000    -.2015119   -.0882689
             |
   birth_dec |    .010568   .0054113     1.95   0.057    -.0003243    .0214604
       _cons |   .1143146   .0542033     2.11   0.040      .005209    .2234203
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,744
                                                F(27, 46)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1214
                                                Root MSE          =      .2465

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      lega_1 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0662931   .0161661    -4.10   0.000    -.0988338   -.0337525
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |   .0131222   .0148752     0.88   0.382      -.01682    .0430645
             |
   education |
Licenza e..  |   .0306116   .0718737     0.43   0.672    -.1140626    .1752857
Licenza m..  |   .0016701   .0681938     0.02   0.981    -.1355969    .1389371
Diploma p..  |   .0357268   .0784476     0.46   0.651      -.12218    .1936337
Diploma m..  |   -.032741   .0674302    -0.49   0.630    -.1684709    .1029889
Titolo un..  |  -.0287079   .0684732    -0.42   0.677    -.1665373    .1091215
             |
    1.gender |  -.0226083   .0098991    -2.28   0.027    -.0425341   -.0026826
             |
      region |
          3  |  -.0156758   .0349574    -0.45   0.656    -.0860415    .0546899
          6  |  -.1295204   .0524485    -2.47   0.017    -.2350937    -.023947
          7  |   .0541884   .0387598     1.40   0.169    -.0238309    .1322078
          9  |   .0579577   .0604748     0.96   0.343    -.0637717    .1796871
         10  |  -.0901559   .0421199    -2.14   0.038    -.1749388    -.005373
         11  |  -.1352309   .0350839    -3.85   0.000    -.2058512   -.0646106
         12  |  -.1524962    .034424    -4.43   0.000     -.221788   -.0832043
         13  |  -.1749072   .0339246    -5.16   0.000    -.2431938   -.1066206
         14  |  -.1739613   .0319953    -5.44   0.000    -.2383646   -.1095581
         15  |  -.1644565   .0319972    -5.14   0.000    -.2288634   -.1000495
         17  |  -.1720973   .0328976    -5.23   0.000    -.2383167    -.105878
         18  |  -.1688157   .0335517    -5.03   0.000    -.2363517   -.1012796
         19  |  -.1691693   .0313712    -5.39   0.000    -.2323163   -.1060223
         21  |   -.157018   .0325029    -4.83   0.000    -.2224429    -.091593
         22  |  -.1606207   .0321919    -4.99   0.000    -.2254197   -.0958216
         23  |   -.165519   .0320191    -5.17   0.000      -.22997   -.1010679
         24  |  -.1720145   .0323099    -5.32   0.000     -.237051   -.1069779
         26  |  -.1722171   .0329764    -5.22   0.000    -.2385952    -.105839
         27  |  -.2116929   .0429058    -4.93   0.000    -.2980577   -.1253281
             |
   birth_dec |   .0201323   .0063635     3.16   0.003     .0073232    .0329413
       _cons |   .1653199   .0739033     2.24   0.030     .0165602    .3140796
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,108
                                                F(28, 46)         =       9.97
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0479
                                                Root MSE          =      .3204

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
        an_2 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |    .010353   .0532318     0.19   0.847    -.0967971    .1175031
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |   .0474659   .0197616     2.40   0.020     .0076879    .0872438
             |
   education |
Licenza e..  |   .1447636   .0293901     4.93   0.000     .0856044    .2039228
Licenza m..  |   .1011673   .0232305     4.35   0.000     .0544067    .1479278
Diploma p..  |   .0924722   .0297418     3.11   0.003      .032605    .1523394
Diploma m..  |   .1256232   .0207972     6.04   0.000     .0837607    .1674857
Titolo un..  |   .0730239   .0269837     2.71   0.010     .0187085    .1273393
             |
    1.gender |  -.0299674   .0141361    -2.12   0.039    -.0584219   -.0015128
             |
      region |
          3  |  -.0061664   .0242088    -0.25   0.800    -.0548962    .0425635
          6  |   .0232634   .0695378     0.33   0.739    -.1167089    .1632356
          7  |   .0186738   .0301512     0.62   0.539    -.0420175     .079365
          9  |   .0110776   .0530249     0.21   0.835     -.095656    .1178113
         10  |  -.0054906   .0383662    -0.14   0.887    -.0827177    .0717365
         11  |  -.0142106   .0289017    -0.49   0.625    -.0723866    .0439654
         12  |  -.0065187    .033526    -0.19   0.847    -.0740031    .0609658
         13  |    .186906   .0734668     2.54   0.014      .039025     .334787
         14  |   .1656334   .0552679     3.00   0.004     .0543849    .2768819
         15  |   .1207659   .0515145     2.34   0.023     .0170725    .2244592
         17  |   .1257713   .0657321     1.91   0.062    -.0065406    .2580832
         18  |   .0717701   .1024775     0.70   0.487    -.1345065    .2780467
         19  |   .0270361   .0270174     1.00   0.322    -.0273471    .0814193
         21  |   .0938475   .0399211     2.35   0.023     .0134904    .1742046
         22  |  -.0033285   .0622629    -0.05   0.958    -.1286572    .1220002
         23  |    .133257   .0450494     2.96   0.005     .0425774    .2239367
         24  |     .08616    .042037     2.05   0.046      .001544     .170776
         26  |  -.0093981   .0344444    -0.27   0.786    -.0787312    .0599349
         27  |  -.0863067   .0234875    -3.67   0.001    -.1335846   -.0390287
             |
   birth_dec |   .0212093   .0076616     2.77   0.008     .0057873    .0366313
       _cons |  -.0729615   .0335986    -2.17   0.035     -.140592    -.005331
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,744
                                                F(27, 46)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0441
                                                Root MSE          =     .35665

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
        an_1 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0612048   .0381159     1.61   0.115    -.0155185     .137928
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |   .0698429   .0175584     3.98   0.000     .0344997    .1051862
             |
   education |
Licenza e..  |   .0652503   .0764599     0.85   0.398    -.0886555    .2191562
Licenza m..  |    .059729   .0725945     0.82   0.415    -.0863962    .2058543
Diploma p..  |   .0632652   .0788745     0.80   0.427    -.0955008    .2220313
Diploma m..  |   .0848872   .0718148     1.18   0.243    -.0596685     .229443
Titolo un..  |   .0257691   .0757304     0.34   0.735    -.1266682    .1782064
             |
    1.gender |  -.0292818   .0176854    -1.66   0.105    -.0648806    .0063171
             |
      region |
          3  |   .0443348   .0271784     1.63   0.110    -.0103725    .0990421
          6  |   .0673179   .0767194     0.88   0.385    -.0871104    .2217461
          7  |   .0396298   .0256182     1.55   0.129    -.0119369    .0911965
          9  |   -.021351    .060165    -0.35   0.724    -.1424568    .0997548
         10  |   .0055014   .0343028     0.16   0.873    -.0635465    .0745493
         11  |   .0224712   .0363206     0.62   0.539    -.0506384    .0955807
         12  |   .0132993   .0368007     0.36   0.719    -.0607766    .0873752
         13  |   .1390903   .0886627     1.57   0.124    -.0393784     .317559
         14  |   .1204575   .0559392     2.15   0.037     .0078578    .2330572
         15  |   .1468052   .0458594     3.20   0.002      .054495    .2391154
         17  |   .1020544   .0589288     1.73   0.090    -.0165632     .220672
         18  |   .0534771   .1460195     0.37   0.716    -.2404449    .3473991
         19  |   .0596941   .0353185     1.69   0.098    -.0113984    .1307866
         21  |    .120906   .0416827     2.90   0.006      .037003     .204809
         22  |  -.1152021   .0285609    -4.03   0.000    -.1726922    -.057712
         23  |   .1206163   .0496664     2.43   0.019     .0206431    .2205896
         24  |    .122724   .0483102     2.54   0.015     .0254807    .2199674
         26  |  -.0439443   .0378329    -1.16   0.251    -.1200979    .0322093
         27  |  -.0907271   .0359851    -2.52   0.015    -.1631613   -.0182928
             |
   birth_dec |   .0237723   .0083331     2.85   0.006     .0069986    .0405459
       _cons |  -.0368716   .0743331    -0.50   0.622    -.1864962    .1127531
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.18
. use ${datain}itanes1996.dta, clear
( )

. 
. foreach var in dc_2 psi_2 abstent  {
  2. 
. reg  `var' T 1.religious_group i.education i.gender i.region  birth_dec, r cl
> uster(birth) 
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,142
                                                F(28, 47)         =      11.49
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0539
                                                Root MSE          =     .23634

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
        dc_2 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0047378   .0119045    -0.40   0.692    -.0286866     .019211
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |   .0721048   .0082579     8.73   0.000     .0554921    .0887176
             |
   education |
Licenza e..  |  -.0472186   .0569582    -0.83   0.411    -.1618036    .0673664
Licenza m..  |  -.0117868   .0516579    -0.23   0.821     -.115709    .0921355
Diploma p..  |   .0222761   .0589357     0.38   0.707    -.0962872    .1408394
Diploma m..  |   .0419222    .049228     0.85   0.399    -.0571117    .1409562
Titolo un..  |   .0709612   .0559724     1.27   0.211    -.0416408    .1835632
             |
    1.gender |  -.0091459   .0106164    -0.86   0.393    -.0305033    .0122115
             |
      region |
          3  |    .026162   .0202328     1.29   0.202    -.0145411    .0668651
          6  |   .0004465   .0369426     0.01   0.990    -.0738724    .0747655
          7  |   .0483434   .0210609     2.30   0.026     .0059743    .0907125
          9  |    .006135   .0299698     0.20   0.839    -.0541564    .0664264
         10  |   .0091554   .0272272     0.34   0.738    -.0456187    .0639295
         11  |  -.0079005   .0152751    -0.52   0.607      -.03863     .022829
         12  |   .0139107   .0176219     0.79   0.434      -.02154    .0493614
         13  |   .0847426   .0507825     1.67   0.102    -.0174186    .1869038
         14  |  -.0064268   .0291532    -0.22   0.826    -.0650756    .0522219
         15  |   .0205405    .020984     0.98   0.333    -.0216739    .0627549
         17  |   -.022694   .0220261    -1.03   0.308    -.0670048    .0216167
         18  |   .1108527   .1048505     1.06   0.296    -.1000793    .3217847
         19  |   .0178269   .0198944     0.90   0.375    -.0221956    .0578493
         21  |   .0471032   .0261755     1.80   0.078    -.0055551    .0997615
         22  |  -.0127982   .0420692    -0.30   0.762    -.0974306    .0718342
         23  |   .0290034   .0289172     1.00   0.321    -.0291704    .0871773
         24  |   .0374076   .0259041     1.44   0.155    -.0147047      .08952
         26  |   .1024044   .0401217     2.55   0.014     .0216901    .1831188
         27  |  -.0367849   .0204666    -1.80   0.079    -.0779584    .0043886
             |
   birth_dec |  -.0205613   .0039518    -5.20   0.000    -.0285114   -.0126113
       _cons |  -.0093757   .0550947    -0.17   0.866     -.120212    .1014606
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,142
                                                F(28, 47)         =       2.51
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0026
                                                R-squared         =     0.0213
                                                Root MSE          =     .12804

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
       psi_2 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0125824    .016561     0.76   0.451     -.020734    .0458988
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |    .005304   .0056369     0.94   0.352     -.006036    .0166439
             |
   education |
Licenza e..  |  -.0339687   .0439886    -0.77   0.444    -.1224625     .054525
Licenza m..  |  -.0198967   .0423953    -0.47   0.641     -.105185    .0653915
Diploma p..  |  -.0217929   .0426609    -0.51   0.612    -.1076156    .0640298
Diploma m..  |  -.0191582   .0421673    -0.45   0.652    -.1039879    .0656715
Titolo un..  |  -.0103691   .0407615    -0.25   0.800    -.0923708    .0716325
             |
    1.gender |  -.0091859   .0054953    -1.67   0.101    -.0202409    .0018692
             |
      region |
          3  |  -.0083661   .0093594    -0.89   0.376    -.0271948    .0104626
          6  |  -.0164318   .0092688    -1.77   0.083    -.0350782    .0022145
          7  |  -.0092974   .0112976    -0.82   0.415    -.0320253    .0134305
          9  |  -.0150122   .0091918    -1.63   0.109    -.0335037    .0034792
         10  |  -.0161796   .0095151    -1.70   0.096    -.0353214    .0029623
         11  |  -.0089062   .0110751    -0.80   0.425    -.0311864    .0133739
         12  |  -.0015041   .0141732    -0.11   0.916    -.0300169    .0270086
         13  |   .0365114   .0382603     0.95   0.345    -.0404585    .1134813
         14  |  -.0177803    .009536    -1.86   0.068    -.0369643    .0014037
         15  |   .0049802   .0160995     0.31   0.758    -.0274078    .0373681
         17  |  -.0152217    .009536    -1.60   0.117    -.0344057    .0039622
         18  |  -.0149502   .0107573    -1.39   0.171    -.0365911    .0066907
         19  |   .0304854   .0171459     1.78   0.082    -.0040078    .0649786
         21  |  -.0009696    .014892    -0.07   0.948    -.0309284    .0289892
         22  |    .061024   .0539829     1.13   0.264    -.0475756    .1696236
         23  |   .0102567   .0188166     0.55   0.588    -.0275975    .0481108
         24  |   -.005757   .0131835    -0.44   0.664    -.0322787    .0207647
         26  |   .0144874   .0243939     0.59   0.555    -.0345868    .0635615
         27  |  -.0087466   .0094893    -0.92   0.361    -.0278365    .0103434
             |
   birth_dec |  -.0056996   .0022632    -2.52   0.015    -.0102526   -.0011467
       _cons |   .0424105   .0446752     0.95   0.347    -.0474644    .1322854
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,304
                                                F(28, 47)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0414
                                                Root MSE          =     .21284

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     abstent | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .1621361   .0680043     2.38   0.021      .025329    .2989432
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |  -.0234188   .0119001    -1.97   0.055    -.0473587    .0005211
             |
   education |
Scuola el..  |   .0033438   .0287158     0.12   0.908    -.0544249    .0611125
Licenza e..  |   .0628432   .0318357     1.97   0.054     -.001202    .1268884
Licenza m..  |   .0424526   .0295384     1.44   0.157     -.016971    .1018763
Diploma p..  |   .0261059   .0364351     0.72   0.477    -.0471921    .0994038
Diploma m..  |   .0173921     .04061     0.43   0.670    -.0643048    .0990889
Titolo un..  |   .0373165   .0355455     1.05   0.299    -.0341919    .1088249
             |
    1.gender |   .0121232   .0091972     1.32   0.194    -.0063792    .0306257
             |
      region |
          3  |  -.0022147    .020451    -0.11   0.914    -.0433567    .0389273
          6  |   .0131303    .043757     0.30   0.765    -.0748974     .101158
          7  |    .010948   .0220067     0.50   0.621    -.0333237    .0552198
          9  |   .0145486   .0417996     0.35   0.729    -.0695413    .0986385
         10  |   .0324664   .0358693     0.91   0.370    -.0396933    .1046262
         11  |  -.0085601   .0207646    -0.41   0.682    -.0503331     .033213
         12  |   .0261564   .0236437     1.11   0.274    -.0214086    .0737215
         13  |   .0111922     .04064     0.28   0.784     -.070565    .0929494
         14  |   .0139612   .0280594     0.50   0.621     -.042487    .0704093
         15  |   .0183808   .0244639     0.75   0.456    -.0308342    .0675958
         17  |  -.0060568   .0261096    -0.23   0.818    -.0585825    .0464689
         18  |   .0519134   .0767344     0.68   0.502    -.1024564    .2062831
         19  |  -.0124817   .0131315    -0.95   0.347    -.0388989    .0139354
         21  |  -.0007672   .0272262    -0.03   0.978    -.0555393    .0540048
         22  |   .0946705   .0672175     1.41   0.166    -.0405538    .2298947
         23  |   .0009032   .0257996     0.04   0.972    -.0509989    .0528053
         24  |   .0264325   .0243745     1.08   0.284    -.0226027    .0754677
         26  |   .0064315   .0263345     0.24   0.808    -.0465468    .0594097
         27  |   .2965765   .2814223     1.05   0.297    -.2695722    .8627252
             |
   birth_dec |   .0069881   .0079427     0.88   0.383    -.0089905    .0229667
       _cons |   .0077553   .0292917     0.26   0.792     -.051172    .0666827
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.19
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in  populist {
  2. 
. reg `var' T female trust_parl i.birth_dec boost catho i.edufirst i.code_regio
> n_resid_istat if country==6 , r cluster(birth_year)
  3. 
. reg `var' T female trust_gov i.birth_dec boost catho i.edufirst i.code_region
> _resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  4. 
. reg `var' T female trust_civser i.birth_dec boost catho i.edufirst i.code_reg
> ion_resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  5. 
. reg `var' T female d_unemp i.birth_dec boost catho i.edufirst i.code_region_r
> esid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  6. 
. reg `var' T female d_pil_xc i.birth_dec boost catho i.edufirst i.code_region_
> resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  7. 
. reg `var' T female stragi i.birth_dec boost catho i.edufirst i.code_region_re
> sid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  8. 
. reg `var' T female trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser i.birth_dec boost catho 
> i.edufirst i.code_region_resid_istat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)
  9. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        855
                                                F(27, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1105
                                                Root MSE          =     .45723

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0782994   .0446544     1.75   0.086    -.0116393    .1682381
      female |  -.0593301   .0373935    -1.59   0.120    -.1346445    .0159842
  trust_parl |  -.0522707    .007677    -6.81   0.000    -.0677331   -.0368084
             |
   birth_dec |
         60  |   .1005187   .0476852     2.11   0.041     .0044757    .1965616
         70  |   .0942225   .0508038     1.85   0.070    -.0081017    .1965466
         80  |   .0835431   .0594895     1.40   0.167    -.0362749     .203361
         90  |  -.0035883   .0627268    -0.06   0.955    -.1299266    .1227499
             |
       boost |    .028715   .0455993     0.63   0.532    -.0631266    .1205567
       catho |    .133077    .036393     3.66   0.001     .0597778    .2063763
  2.edufirst |  -.0549017   .0639665    -0.86   0.395     -.183737    .0739335
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.6685954    .089555    -7.47   0.000    -.8489684   -.4882224
          3  |   .0340463   .0884208     0.39   0.702    -.1440423    .2121349
          4  |   .2511046   .1652247     1.52   0.136     -.081675    .5838843
          5  |   .0842296   .0926547     0.91   0.368    -.1023867    .2708458
          6  |   .1606755   .1100546     1.46   0.151    -.0609858    .3823369
          7  |   .0830826   .1060656     0.78   0.438    -.1305444    .2967096
          8  |   .0636645   .1000713     0.64   0.528    -.1378893    .2652184
          9  |   .0311741   .1017223     0.31   0.761    -.1737051    .2360532
         10  |   .0801459   .1447391     0.55   0.583    -.2113737    .3716655
         11  |   .2957626   .0941699     3.14   0.003     .1060947    .4854306
         12  |   .0782526   .0955393     0.82   0.417    -.1141735    .2706787
         13  |  -.0557355   .1175294    -0.47   0.638    -.2924518    .1809809
         14  |  -.0090272   .3133372    -0.03   0.977    -.6401208    .6220663
         15  |  -.0231749   .0854935    -0.27   0.788    -.1953676    .1490179
         16  |   .0380823   .0760179     0.50   0.619    -.1150257    .1911903
         18  |  -.0247583   .1403968    -0.18   0.861     -.307532    .2580154
         19  |   .0463747   .0842881     0.55   0.585    -.1233903    .2161397
         20  |   .1637157   .1222541     1.34   0.187    -.0825167     .409948
             |
       _cons |   .6768943   .1026737     6.59   0.000     .4700988    .8836898
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        855
                                                F(27, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1222
                                                Root MSE          =     .45422

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0559899   .0458666     1.22   0.229    -.0363901      .14837
      female |  -.0733509   .0366929    -2.00   0.052    -.1472542    .0005525
   trust_gov |  -.0538986   .0067401    -8.00   0.000    -.0674739   -.0403233
             |
   birth_dec |
         60  |     .10145   .0479595     2.12   0.040     .0048546    .1980455
         70  |   .0969916   .0493737     1.96   0.056    -.0024523    .1964354
         80  |   .0827153   .0590201     1.40   0.168    -.0361572    .2015877
         90  |  -.0016748   .0636081    -0.03   0.979     -.129788    .1264385
             |
       boost |   .0343831   .0443966     0.77   0.443    -.0550362    .1238025
       catho |   .1381916    .037001     3.73   0.001     .0636677    .2127155
  2.edufirst |  -.0586013   .0611537    -0.96   0.343    -.1817713    .0645686
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.7342367   .0888061    -8.27   0.000    -.9131013   -.5553721
          3  |   .0384419   .0852593     0.45   0.654    -.1332791    .2101629
          4  |   .2346582   .1641859     1.43   0.160    -.0960293    .5653456
          5  |   .0945935   .0916557     1.03   0.308    -.0900106    .2791976
          6  |   .1619733   .1103067     1.47   0.149    -.0601958    .3841425
          7  |   .0854944   .1040039     0.82   0.415    -.1239803    .2949691
          8  |   .0596816   .0975161     0.61   0.544    -.1367259    .2560891
          9  |   .0254021   .0961181     0.26   0.793    -.1681896    .2189939
         10  |   .0941131   .1417649     0.66   0.510    -.1914162    .3796423
         11  |   .2957261   .0909398     3.25   0.002      .112564    .4788881
         12  |   .0794321   .0918838     0.86   0.392    -.1056314    .2644956
         13  |  -.0453141   .1178072    -0.38   0.702    -.2825899    .1919617
         14  |  -.0237557   .3394392    -0.07   0.945    -.7074212    .6599099
         15  |  -.0122545   .0856007    -0.14   0.887    -.1846633    .1601542
         16  |   .0338106   .0752273     0.45   0.655    -.1177048    .1853261
         18  |  -.0169712   .1370684    -0.12   0.902    -.2930411    .2590987
         19  |   .0545875   .0832993     0.66   0.516    -.1131858    .2223609
         20  |   .1510439   .1251648     1.21   0.234    -.1010508    .4031387
             |
       _cons |   .6952889     .09486     7.33   0.000     .5042311    .8863467
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        853
                                                F(27, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0688
                                                Root MSE          =     .46736

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0815279   .0379231     2.15   0.037     .0051469    .1579089
      female |  -.0653301   .0380824    -1.72   0.093    -.1420321    .0113718
trust_civser |  -.0286703   .0095396    -3.01   0.004    -.0478841   -.0094564
             |
   birth_dec |
         60  |   .1053057   .0487198     2.16   0.036     .0071789    .2034325
         70  |   .0930741    .049268     1.89   0.065    -.0061568     .192305
         80  |   .0924126   .0612651     1.51   0.138    -.0309817    .2158069
         90  |  -.0115955   .0612971    -0.19   0.851    -.1350542    .1118632
             |
       boost |   .0275663   .0458344     0.60   0.551     -.064749    .1198817
       catho |   .1215567   .0377407     3.22   0.002     .0455431    .1975703
  2.edufirst |  -.1030797   .0662225    -1.56   0.127    -.2364587    .0302992
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.4207994    .096522    -4.36   0.000    -.6152047   -.2263942
          3  |   .0405608   .0885889     0.46   0.649    -.1378665     .218988
          4  |   .2660025   .1741611     1.53   0.134     -.084776     .616781
          5  |   .0828356   .0961494     0.86   0.394    -.1108192    .2764904
          6  |     .17514   .1153321     1.52   0.136    -.0571507    .4074307
          7  |   .0865361   .1049656     0.82   0.414    -.1248754    .2979476
          8  |   .0793757   .1013183     0.78   0.437    -.1246898    .2834413
          9  |   .0343258   .1033562     0.33   0.741    -.1738443    .2424959
         10  |   .0745198   .1505603     0.49   0.623    -.2287243    .3777639
         11  |   .3145593   .0968476     3.25   0.002     .1194983    .5096203
         12  |   .0850988   .0974238     0.87   0.387    -.1111228    .2813203
         13  |  -.0593992   .1193935    -0.50   0.621    -.2998702    .1810717
         14  |   .0094892   .3117901     0.03   0.976    -.6184882    .6374666
         15  |  -.0121318   .0879088    -0.14   0.891    -.1891893    .1649257
         16  |   .0354391   .0775977     0.46   0.650    -.1208506    .1917289
         18  |  -.0336051    .137454    -0.24   0.808    -.3104516    .2432415
         19  |   .0539048   .0861448     0.63   0.535    -.1195997    .2274093
         20  |   .1800955   .1157265     1.56   0.127    -.0529897    .4131807
             |
       _cons |   .6810438   .1123818     6.06   0.000     .4546954    .9073923
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        845
                                                F(27, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0511
                                                Root MSE          =     .47179

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |    .071074   .0338319     2.10   0.041     .0029329     .139215
      female |  -.0636745   .0376746    -1.69   0.098    -.1395552    .0122061
     d_unemp |   .0028756   .0193685     0.15   0.883    -.0361346    .0418857
             |
   birth_dec |
         60  |   .1090038   .0517136     2.11   0.041     .0048473    .2131603
         70  |   .1134998   .0523763     2.17   0.036     .0080085    .2189911
         80  |   .1073555   .0643793     1.67   0.102    -.0223111    .2370222
         90  |   .0114132   .0639976     0.18   0.859    -.1174846     .140311
             |
       boost |   .0136805   .0463473     0.30   0.769    -.0796678    .1070289
       catho |   .1128374   .0363639     3.10   0.003     .0395967     .186078
  2.edufirst |  -.1044713   .0640813    -1.63   0.110    -.2335378    .0245951
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.5118172   .0869716    -5.88   0.000    -.6869869   -.3366475
          3  |   .0535776   .0982552     0.55   0.588    -.1443186    .2514738
          4  |   .2548796   .1913258     1.33   0.190    -.1304703    .6402296
          5  |   .0842345   .1060308     0.79   0.431    -.1293225    .2977916
          6  |   .1872105   .1307712     1.43   0.159    -.0761762    .4505972
          7  |   .1074153   .1216056     0.88   0.382     -.137511    .3523415
          8  |   .1214861   .1165745     1.04   0.303     -.113307    .3562791
          9  |   .0581314   .1104408     0.53   0.601    -.1643078    .2805706
         10  |   .0927169   .1603833     0.58   0.566    -.2303117    .4157455
         11  |   .3484991   .1010006     3.45   0.001     .1450735    .5519248
         12  |   .1035436   .0949615     1.09   0.281    -.0877187    .2948058
         13  |  -.0397634    .130645    -0.30   0.762    -.3028961    .2233692
         14  |    .006089   .2819997     0.02   0.983    -.5618876    .5740656
         15  |   .0154534   .0998209     0.15   0.878    -.1855963    .2165031
         16  |   .0409227   .0770577     0.53   0.598    -.1142795     .196125
         18  |  -.0137032   .1350553    -0.10   0.920    -.2857186    .2583122
         19  |    .040725   .0877486     0.46   0.645    -.1360097    .2174597
         20  |   .1984836     .11769     1.69   0.099    -.0385563    .4355234
             |
       _cons |   .5354181   .1136977     4.71   0.000     .3064191    .7644171
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(27, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0517
                                                Root MSE          =     .47182

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0823337   .0381275     2.16   0.036      .005541    .1591264
      female |  -.0601597   .0380337    -1.58   0.121    -.1367634     .016444
    d_pil_xc |  -.0404213   .0484378    -0.83   0.408      -.13798    .0571375
             |
   birth_dec |
         60  |   .1028936   .0501245     2.05   0.046     .0019377    .2038495
         70  |   .1007409   .0528747     1.91   0.063    -.0057543    .2072361
         80  |   .0999579   .0649387     1.54   0.131    -.0308354    .2307512
         90  |   .0102989   .0638651     0.16   0.873    -.1183321    .1389298
             |
       boost |   .0191422   .0465014     0.41   0.683    -.0745164    .1128008
       catho |   .1133153   .0376522     3.01   0.004     .0374799    .1891507
  2.edufirst |  -.1076221    .063625    -1.69   0.098    -.2357693    .0205252
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.5313869   .0868297    -6.12   0.000    -.7062709   -.3565029
          3  |   .0522557   .0912671     0.57   0.570    -.1315656    .2360771
          4  |   .2554522   .1614028     1.58   0.120    -.0696297    .5805342
          5  |   .0818751   .0970762     0.84   0.403    -.1136464    .2773967
          6  |   .2028826   .1292671     1.57   0.124    -.0574748      .46324
          7  |   .0800489   .1076912     0.74   0.461    -.1368523    .2969502
          8  |   .1220182   .1076636     1.13   0.263    -.0948274    .3388638
          9  |    .034811   .1068442     0.33   0.746    -.1803842    .2500062
         10  |   .0635268   .1588788     0.40   0.691    -.2564715     .383525
         11  |   .3227294   .0966026     3.34   0.002     .1281617    .5172971
         12  |   .0691201   .1052827     0.66   0.515    -.1429301    .2811702
         13  |  -.0784593   .1308629    -0.60   0.552    -.3420306     .185112
         14  |  -.0254762   .2826806    -0.09   0.929    -.5948243    .5438718
         15  |  -.0418282   .0976247    -0.43   0.670    -.2384544    .1547981
         16  |   .0001424   .0873182     0.00   0.999    -.1757255    .1760103
         18  |  -.0684878   .1334436    -0.51   0.610    -.3372571    .2002815
         19  |  -.0184084   .1001115    -0.18   0.855    -.2200433    .1832265
         20  |   .1316289   .1277145     1.03   0.308    -.1256014    .3888592
             |
       _cons |   .6367589   .1362547     4.67   0.000     .3623278      .91119
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(27, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0521
                                                Root MSE          =     .47173

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0835191   .0371644     2.25   0.030     .0086663     .158372
      female |  -.0610747   .0379501    -1.61   0.115      -.13751    .0153607
      stragi |  -.0564426   .0555994    -1.02   0.315    -.1684255    .0555403
             |
   birth_dec |
         60  |   .1052899    .050923     2.07   0.044     .0027257     .207854
         70  |   .1047428   .0525173     1.99   0.052    -.0010325     .210518
         80  |   .1009272   .0644937     1.56   0.125    -.0289698    .2308243
         90  |   .0094833   .0636598     0.15   0.882    -.1187341    .1377008
             |
       boost |   .0205442   .0467642     0.44   0.663    -.0736437    .1147321
       catho |   .1136109   .0378153     3.00   0.004     .0374471    .1897748
  2.edufirst |  -.1063387   .0636431    -1.67   0.102    -.2345225    .0218452
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.5184789   .0880715    -5.89   0.000     -.695864   -.3410938
          3  |   .0599523    .093275     0.64   0.524    -.1279131    .2478177
          4  |   .2727641    .166461     1.64   0.108    -.0625056    .6080338
          5  |   .0807134   .0957041     0.84   0.403    -.1120445    .2734713
          6  |   .1830709   .1226096     1.49   0.142    -.0638776    .4300193
          7  |   .0918812   .1068251     0.86   0.394    -.1232755    .3070379
          8  |   .1249252   .1064945     1.17   0.247    -.0895657    .3394161
          9  |   .0700446   .1085409     0.65   0.522     -.148568    .2886572
         10  |   .0955262   .1620549     0.59   0.558    -.2308692    .4219216
         11  |   .3542542   .0988818     3.58   0.001     .1550961    .5534123
         12  |   .1375555   .1089289     1.26   0.213    -.0818386    .3569496
         13  |  -.0445468   .1260693    -0.35   0.725    -.2984634    .2093698
         14  |    .013305   .2869144     0.05   0.963    -.5645702    .5911802
         15  |   .0158471   .0896359     0.18   0.860    -.1646887     .196383
         16  |   .0422522   .0780497     0.54   0.591     -.114948    .1994524
         18  |  -.0133548   .1369327    -0.10   0.923    -.2891514    .2624418
         19  |   .0614922   .0904103     0.68   0.500    -.1206034    .2435878
         20  |   .1977147   .1190701     1.66   0.104    -.0421048    .4375342
             |
       _cons |   .5422538   .1028711     5.27   0.000     .3350608    .7494468
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        853
                                                F(29, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1288
                                                Root MSE          =     .45261

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0573759   .0463599     1.24   0.222    -.0359976    .1507495
      female |  -.0702464   .0363047    -1.93   0.059    -.1433678     .002875
  trust_parl |  -.0175101   .0153445    -1.14   0.260    -.0484155    .0133954
   trust_gov |  -.0523571   .0147947    -3.54   0.001    -.0821551   -.0225591
trust_civser |   .0211098   .0106552     1.98   0.054    -.0003508    .0425705
             |
   birth_dec |
         60  |   .1017178    .049805     2.04   0.047     .0014054    .2020302
         70  |   .1031695   .0526967     1.96   0.056    -.0029672    .2093061
         80  |   .0917821    .060904     1.51   0.139    -.0308849     .214449
         90  |   .0161998   .0672993     0.24   0.811    -.1193479    .1517476
             |
       boost |   .0401467   .0437513     0.92   0.364    -.0479729    .1282664
       catho |   .1383344   .0357616     3.87   0.000     .0663069    .2103619
  2.edufirst |  -.0713035   .0591009    -1.21   0.234    -.1903388    .0477318
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.8555344   .1018946    -8.40   0.000    -1.060761   -.6503082
          3  |   .0553843   .0837657     0.66   0.512    -.1133286    .2240972
          4  |   .2314625   .1605368     1.44   0.156    -.0918753    .5548004
          5  |   .0936173   .0906429     1.03   0.307    -.0889469    .2761815
          6  |   .1592999    .111691     1.43   0.161    -.0656574    .3842572
          7  |    .087486   .1047529     0.84   0.408    -.1234972    .2984692
          8  |    .070198    .100146     0.70   0.487    -.1315065    .2719024
          9  |   .0372935   .0963005     0.39   0.700    -.1566655    .2312526
         10  |   .1078002   .1438124     0.75   0.457    -.1818528    .3974533
         11  |   .3057232   .0889793     3.44   0.001     .1265098    .4849367
         12  |   .0867348   .0913376     0.95   0.347    -.0972286    .2706982
         13  |  -.0360219   .1193864    -0.30   0.764    -.2764785    .2044348
         14  |  -.0224633   .3318717    -0.07   0.946    -.6908873    .6459607
         15  |  -.0032174   .0853717    -0.04   0.970    -.1751648    .1687299
         16  |   .0386895   .0742093     0.52   0.605    -.1107757    .1881546
         18  |  -.0030119   .1393041    -0.02   0.983    -.2835847    .2775609
         19  |   .0494632   .0830121     0.60   0.554    -.1177318    .2166583
         20  |   .1524925   .1299216     1.17   0.247    -.1091829     .414168
             |
       _cons |   .6510347   .1038557     6.27   0.000     .4418585    .8602108
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Table A.20
. use ${datain}itanes1994.dta, clear
( )

. 
. foreach var in comizzi comizzi_tv convinto cercato poster {
  2. 
. reg `var' T 1.religious_group i.education i.gender i.region  birth_dec, r clu
> ster(birth)
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,087
                                                F(28, 46)         =      14.36
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0723
                                                Root MSE          =     .37994

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     comizzi | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0459733   .0233562     1.97   0.055    -.0010404     .092987
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |  -.0381389   .0232872    -1.64   0.108    -.0850137    .0087359
             |
   education |
Elementar..  |   .0539897    .055447     0.97   0.335    -.0576192    .1655987
Licenza e..  |   .0413585   .0402818     1.03   0.310    -.0397245    .1224416
Licenza m..  |   .0901227   .0399575     2.26   0.029     .0096924     .170553
Diploma p..  |   .1250719   .0429693     2.91   0.006     .0385791    .2115647
Diploma m..  |   .1745189    .041441     4.21   0.000     .0911026    .2579352
Titolo un..  |   .1825404   .0493846     3.70   0.001     .0831344    .2819465
             |
    1.gender |  -.1049653   .0155607    -6.75   0.000    -.1362873   -.0736432
             |
      region |
          2  |   .2400423   .1180322     2.03   0.048     .0024557    .4776288
          3  |    .055685   .0767278     0.73   0.472      -.09876    .2101299
          4  |  -.0309131    .066201    -0.47   0.643    -.1641687    .1023426
          5  |  -.1337089    .064169    -2.08   0.043    -.2628745   -.0045434
          6  |  -.0514602   .1023133    -0.50   0.617    -.2574061    .1544858
          7  |  -.1402198   .0668489    -2.10   0.041    -.2747796   -.0056601
          8  |  -.1191577   .0707848    -1.68   0.099    -.2616402    .0233248
          9  |    -.18284    .057302    -3.19   0.003    -.2981829    -.067497
         10  |  -.0829799   .0749116    -1.11   0.274    -.2337691    .0678093
         11  |   -.084192   .1490535    -0.56   0.575    -.3842211    .2158372
         12  |  -.1524856    .065336    -2.33   0.024    -.2840001   -.0209711
         13  |   .0027346   .0720401     0.04   0.970    -.1422746    .1477437
         14  |   .0183147    .086544     0.21   0.833    -.1558893    .1925187
         15  |  -.0504532    .065896    -0.77   0.448    -.1830949    .0821885
         16  |  -.0508976   .0689823    -0.74   0.464    -.1897518    .0879565
         17  |  -.1053277   .1105847    -0.95   0.346    -.3279232    .1172679
         18  |  -.0665192   .1242855    -0.54   0.595     -.316693    .1836546
         19  |  -.0902296   .0556967    -1.62   0.112    -.2023412     .021882
             |
   birth_dec |   .0016466   .0081236     0.20   0.840    -.0147053    .0179986
       _cons |   .2328566   .0746619     3.12   0.003       .08257    .3831431
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,088
                                                F(28, 46)         =       5.56
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0271
                                                Root MSE          =     .34251

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  comizzi_tv | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |  -.0369003   .0249178    -1.48   0.145    -.0870573    .0132566
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |  -.0062658   .0178387    -0.35   0.727    -.0421731    .0296416
             |
   education |
Elementar..  |   .0149393   .1588392     0.09   0.925    -.3047875     .334666
Licenza e..  |   .0136231   .1546904     0.09   0.930    -.2977526    .3249987
Licenza m..  |   .0709851   .1552262     0.46   0.650     -.241469    .3834393
Diploma p..  |   .0984789   .1576733     0.62   0.535     -.218901    .4158587
Diploma m..  |   .1046519   .1566053     0.67   0.507    -.2105782     .419882
Titolo un..  |   .1425912   .1586516     0.90   0.373     -.176758    .4619404
             |
    1.gender |  -.0114731   .0166861    -0.69   0.495    -.0450605    .0221143
             |
      region |
          2  |   .0310668   .0982762     0.32   0.753    -.1667529    .2288864
          3  |   -.051461   .0613157    -0.84   0.406    -.1748831     .071961
          4  |   .0056261   .0622103     0.09   0.928    -.1195967    .1308489
          5  |  -.0132565   .0556328    -0.24   0.813    -.1252395    .0987265
          6  |   .0013643   .0593638     0.02   0.982    -.1181289    .1208575
          7  |   .0277341   .0516674     0.54   0.594    -.0762669    .1317351
          8  |   .0400356   .0543624     0.74   0.465    -.0693903    .1494614
          9  |   .0426577   .0472264     0.90   0.371    -.0524041    .1377195
         10  |   .0664807   .0556469     1.19   0.238    -.0455307    .1784921
         11  |  -.0154947   .1885279    -0.08   0.935    -.3949817    .3639922
         12  |    .009192   .0554251     0.17   0.869     -.102373     .120757
         13  |    .027838   .0601111     0.46   0.645    -.0931593    .1488353
         14  |   -.021509    .069612    -0.31   0.759    -.1616307    .1186128
         15  |  -.0097557     .06057    -0.16   0.873    -.1316767    .1121654
         16  |  -.0085468   .0608041    -0.14   0.889    -.1309391    .1138456
         17  |  -.1235525   .1067057    -1.16   0.253    -.3383399    .0912349
         18  |  -.2255118    .140176    -1.61   0.115    -.5076716    .0566479
         19  |   .0118541   .0514254     0.23   0.819    -.0916598    .1153681
             |
   birth_dec |  -.0241326   .0057257    -4.21   0.000    -.0356579   -.0126074
       _cons |   .8083287   .1654255     4.89   0.000     .4753444    1.141313
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,085
                                                F(28, 46)         =      17.71
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0517
                                                Root MSE          =     .41785

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
    convinto | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0290172   .0297342     0.98   0.334    -.0308346     .088869
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |  -.0309267   .0234908    -1.32   0.195    -.0782111    .0163578
             |
   education |
Elementar..  |  -.0329487   .1621507    -0.20   0.840    -.3593411    .2934437
Licenza e..  |  -.0208852   .1767588    -0.12   0.906    -.3766822    .3349117
Licenza m..  |   .0145353   .1662132     0.09   0.931    -.3200345    .3491051
Diploma p..  |   .0051768   .1748709     0.03   0.977    -.3468201    .3571737
Diploma m..  |   .0407923   .1706407     0.24   0.812    -.3026896    .3842742
Titolo un..  |   .2071478   .1639364     1.26   0.213    -.1228391    .5371346
             |
    1.gender |  -.1039724    .022268    -4.67   0.000    -.1487956   -.0591493
             |
      region |
          2  |   .0693239    .110769     0.63   0.535    -.1536425    .2922903
          3  |  -.0793154   .0580584    -1.37   0.179    -.1961808      .03755
          4  |   .0813406   .0654997     1.24   0.221    -.0505036    .2131847
          5  |    .027049   .0621361     0.44   0.665    -.0980245    .1521225
          6  |    .018682   .0782344     0.24   0.812    -.1387956    .1761597
          7  |   .0565391   .0678607     0.83   0.409    -.0800574    .1931357
          8  |   .1109584   .0628576     1.77   0.084    -.0155674    .2374842
          9  |   .0173875   .0575588     0.30   0.764    -.0984724    .1332474
         10  |  -.0684698   .0754209    -0.91   0.369    -.2202842    .0833446
         11  |   .2097178   .2077188     1.01   0.318    -.2083985    .6278341
         12  |   .0332594   .0604794     0.55   0.585    -.0884793    .1549981
         13  |   .1039253   .0590595     1.76   0.085    -.0149553     .222806
         14  |   .1258274   .0757189     1.66   0.103    -.0265867    .2782415
         15  |    .073664   .0700401     1.05   0.298    -.0673194    .2146473
         16  |   .0318394   .0746471     0.43   0.672    -.1184174    .1820961
         17  |  -.0628392   .0933326    -0.67   0.504    -.2507079    .1250296
         18  |   .0884711   .0850804     1.04   0.304    -.0827869    .2597291
         19  |   .0783401    .067801     1.16   0.254    -.0581362    .2148164
             |
   birth_dec |   .0061659   .0089181     0.69   0.493    -.0117853     .024117
       _cons |   .2238885   .1931227     1.16   0.252    -.1648473    .6126243
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,088
                                                F(28, 46)         =       4.80
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0345
                                                Root MSE          =     .49108

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
     cercato | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .1242202   .0509626     2.44   0.019     .0216378    .2268027
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |  -.0390268   .0190495    -2.05   0.046    -.0773715   -.0006821
             |
   education |
Elementar..  |  -.2309628   .2587957    -0.89   0.377    -.7518915    .2899658
Licenza e..  |  -.1091604   .2147961    -0.51   0.614    -.5415225    .3232017
Licenza m..  |  -.0577518   .2219072    -0.26   0.796    -.5044278    .3889242
Diploma p..  |   .0130259   .2300331     0.06   0.955    -.4500067    .4760584
Diploma m..  |   .0536098   .2205341     0.24   0.809    -.3903023    .4975218
Titolo un..  |   .0455364   .2260298     0.20   0.841     -.409438    .5005107
             |
    1.gender |  -.0287076   .0244467    -1.17   0.246    -.0779163     .020501
             |
      region |
          2  |   .2774806   .1311902     2.12   0.040     .0134084    .5415528
          3  |    .107311   .1076073     1.00   0.324    -.1092912    .3239131
          4  |    .045121   .0908469     0.50   0.622    -.1377443    .2279863
          5  |  -.0706874   .0826628    -0.86   0.397    -.2370789    .0957042
          6  |  -.0363506    .100287    -0.36   0.719    -.2382179    .1655166
          7  |   .0133215    .087375     0.15   0.879    -.1625552    .1891983
          8  |   .1022821   .1018716     1.00   0.321    -.1027748     .307339
          9  |   .0080489   .0831523     0.10   0.923    -.1593279    .1754258
         10  |  -.0841313   .1119028    -0.75   0.456      -.30938    .1411174
         11  |   .0052213   .2508347     0.02   0.983    -.4996828    .5101254
         12  |   .1071824    .094738     1.13   0.264    -.0835152      .29788
         13  |   .0600386   .0897661     0.67   0.507    -.1206512    .2407283
         14  |   .0974573   .1021454     0.95   0.345    -.1081506    .3030653
         15  |   .0496467   .0888598     0.56   0.579    -.1292189    .2285123
         16  |   .0216979   .0935848     0.23   0.818    -.1666784    .2100743
         17  |   .2342196   .1576718     1.49   0.144    -.0831573    .5515965
         18  |  -.0745865    .147011    -0.51   0.614    -.3705042    .2213312
         19  |   .0808892   .0941118     0.86   0.395    -.1085479    .2703264
             |
   birth_dec |  -.0335707   .0103171    -3.25   0.002     -.054338   -.0128034
       _cons |   .4923175   .2235407     2.20   0.033     .0423533    .9422817
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      2,087
                                                F(28, 46)         =      11.05
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0307
                                                Root MSE          =     .22623

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
      poster | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |   .0305617    .018405     1.66   0.104    -.0064857    .0676091
             |
religious_~p |
  Cattolico  |  -.0037258   .0150366    -0.25   0.805    -.0339929    .0265413
             |
   education |
Elementar..  |  -.0191706   .0173804    -1.10   0.276    -.0541556    .0158144
Licenza e..  |   .0007522   .0176922     0.04   0.966    -.0348604    .0363647
Licenza m..  |     .02303   .0148954     1.55   0.129    -.0069528    .0530128
Diploma p..  |   .0060724   .0208864     0.29   0.773    -.0359697    .0481146
Diploma m..  |   .0335991   .0170617     1.97   0.055    -.0007444    .0679426
Titolo un..  |   .0118392   .0192589     0.61   0.542    -.0269268    .0506053
             |
    1.gender |  -.0482301   .0098247    -4.91   0.000    -.0680063   -.0284539
             |
      region |
          2  |   .0486323   .0768565     0.63   0.530    -.1060718    .2033364
          3  |   .0451555   .0630749     0.72   0.478    -.0818077    .1721187
          4  |   .0064579   .0420679     0.15   0.879    -.0782204    .0911362
          5  |    -.02165   .0397012    -0.55   0.588    -.1015644    .0582644
          6  |  -.0165139   .0564569    -0.29   0.771    -.1301558     .097128
          7  |  -.0226628   .0423004    -0.54   0.595    -.1078092    .0624836
          8  |  -.0564407   .0412381    -1.37   0.178    -.1394487    .0265673
          9  |  -.0306255   .0397049    -0.77   0.444    -.1105473    .0492964
         10  |  -.0371757   .0375264    -0.99   0.327    -.1127124    .0383609
         11  |  -.0819566   .0522153    -1.57   0.123    -.1870606    .0231474
         12  |  -.0181229   .0345414    -0.52   0.602    -.0876512    .0514053
         13  |   .0185507   .0348089     0.53   0.597     -.051516    .0886173
         14  |   -.061451   .0369552    -1.66   0.103    -.1358379    .0129359
         15  |   .0088525   .0448233     0.20   0.844    -.0813721    .0990772
         16  |  -.0241574   .0431552    -0.56   0.578    -.1110244    .0627095
         17  |  -.0648843   .0380232    -1.71   0.095     -.141421    .0116525
         18  |   .0049963   .0715037     0.07   0.945    -.1389331    .1489257
         19  |  -.0181625   .0385816    -0.47   0.640    -.0958232    .0594982
             |
   birth_dec |   .0064491    .004907     1.31   0.195    -.0034281    .0163263
       _cons |   .0687067   .0450945     1.52   0.134    -.0220638    .1594772
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. 
. 
. 
. 
. *---------------------------------------------  FIGURES
. 
. 
. ************ Figure 1
. 
. ** Panel (a) 
. use ${datain}fig1panelA.dta, clear

. 
. preserve

. bysort leg corr: gen cases_2=_N if corr==1
(19,354 missing values generated)

. collapse cases_2, by(leg)

. line cases_2 leg, ytitle("Number of charges for corruption (art.110)", s(vsma
> ll)) title("(a): RAPs", s(small)) xlabel(1 "I/1948-53" 2 "II/1953-58" 3 "III/
> 1958-63" 4 "IV/1963-68" 5 "V/1968-72" 6 "VI/1972-76" 7 "VII/1976-79" 8 "VIII/
> 1979-83" 9 "IX/1983-87" 10 "X/1987-92" 11 "XI/1992-94", labs(vsmall) angle(45
> )) ylab(,labs(vsmall)) graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) lc(black) xti
> tle("Legislature",s(small)) title(, c(black))

. graph save ${dataout}fig1panelA.gph, replace
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig1pan
> elA.gph saved

. restore

. 
. ** Panel (b) 
. use ${datain}fig1panelB.dta, clear

. 
. sort year

. twoway (line corruzione year, ytitle("Yearly number of appereances of corrupt
> ion", s(vsmall)) xlabel(, labs(vsmall) angle(45)) title("Panel (b): Newspaper
> s - Corriere della Sera", s(small) c(black)) xtitle("") graphregion(color(whi
> te)) bgcolor(white) lc(black)),   xline(1992, lc(black) lp(dash)) xline(1994,
>  lw(thick))  xline(1996, lc(black) lp(dash)) xlab(, labs(vsmall)) ylab(,labs(
> vsmall))

. graph save ${dataout}fig1panelB.gph, replace
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig1pan
> elB.gph saved

. 
. ** Panel (c) 
. use ${datain}fig1panelC.dta, clear

. 
. replace corruzione=corruzione*100
(40 real changes made)

. replace calcio=calcio*100
(40 real changes made)

. 
. twoway (line corruzione year, xtitle("") graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(wh
> ite) lc(black) xlab(, labs(vsmall)) ylab(,labs(vsmall))) (line calcio year, y
> title("Percentage of Italian books", s(vsmall)) title("Panel (c): Books", s(s
> mall) c(black)) xtitle("") graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) lc(black)
>  lp(dash) xlab(, labs(vsmall)) ylab(,labs(vsmall))), legend(off) 

. graph save ${dataout}fig1panelC.gph, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig1pa
    > nelC.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig1pan
> elC.gph saved

. 
. ** Panel (d) 
. use ${datain}fig1panelD.dta, clear

. 
. * We calculate the average duration within 90 days before each electoral roun
> d
. egen mean_1=mean(duration) if date>(d(5Apr1992)-90) & date<(d(5Apr1992)) 
(7,502 missing values generated)

. egen mean_2=mean(duration) if date>(d(27Mar1994)-90) & date<(d(27Mar1994))
(7,460 missing values generated)

. egen mean_3=mean(duration) if date>(d(21Apr1996)-90) & date<(d(21Apr1996)) 
(7,471 missing values generated)

. egen mean_4=mean(duration) if date>(d(13May2001)-90) & date<(d(13May2001)) 
(7,485 missing values generated)

. egen mean_5=mean(duration) if date>(d(10Apr2006)-90) & date<(d(10Apr2006)) 
(7,472 missing values generated)

. egen mean_6=mean(duration) if date>(d(14Apr2008)-90) & date<(d(14Apr2008)) 
(7,472 missing values generated)

. egen mean_7=mean(duration) if date>(d(25Feb2013)-90) & date<(d(25Feb2013)) 
(7,461 missing values generated)

. 
. twoway (line duration date , lc(black)) (line mean_1 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(re
> d) lw(vthick)) (line mean_2 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(red) lw(vthick)) (line mean
> _3 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(red) lw(vthick)) (line mean_4 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(
> red) lw(vthick)) (line mean_5 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(red) lw(vthick)) (line me
> an_6 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(red) lw(vthick)) (line mean_7 date, lp(dash_dot) l
> c(red) lw(vthick)), xtitle("")  xline(`=d(5Apr1992)', lc(black) lp(dash)) xli
> ne(`=d(27Mar1994)', lw(thick))  xline(`=d(21Apr1996)', lc(black) lp(dash)) xl
> ine(`=d(13May2001)', lc(black) lp(dash))  xline(`=d(10Apr2006)', lc(black) lp
> (dash)) xline(`=d(14Apr2008)', lc(black) lp(dash))  xline(`=d(25Feb2013)', lc
> (black) lp(dash)) ytitle("Total daily minutes assigned to political corruptio
> n", s(vsmall)) graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) legend(off) ylab(, la
> bs(vsmall)) xlab(, labs(vsmall) angle(45)) title("Panel (d): TV/radio - Publi
> c channels", s(small) c(black))

. graph save ${dataout}fig1panelD.gph, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig1pa
    > nelD.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig1pan
> elD.gph saved

. 
. cd ${dataout}
/Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results

. graph combine fig1panelA.gph fig1panelB.gph fig1panelC.gph fig1panelD.gph, c(
> 2) r(2) graphregion(color(white))

. graph export ${dataout}fig1.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig1.e
    > ps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig1.e
    > ps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure 2
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. fvset base 6 first

. 
. reg trust_parl i.first female  boost  i.edufirst catho i.code_region_resid_is
> tat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,450
                                                F(35, 46)         =      22.41
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0258
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2443

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |   .2774085   .2804185     0.99   0.328    -.2870446    .8418617
 55-58/1976  |   .2837761   .2920657     0.97   0.336    -.3041217    .8716739
 59-61/1979  |    .105373   .1903318     0.55   0.583    -.2777451    .4884911
 62-65/1983  |  -.0260521   .0939109    -0.28   0.783    -.2150848    .1629806
 66-69/1987  |   .2587446   .1007314     2.57   0.014     .0559829    .4615064
 75-76/1994  |  -.3667048   .1359893    -2.70   0.010    -.6404371   -.0929725
 77-78/1996  |  -.2878848   .1828044    -1.57   0.122     -.655851    .0800814
 79-83/2001  |  -.2666807   .1879153    -1.42   0.163    -.6449346    .1115732
 84-88/2006  |  -.1019262   .1496956    -0.68   0.499    -.4032477    .1993954
 89-90/2008  |  -.2057305   .0907296    -2.27   0.028    -.3883597   -.0231013
 91-95/2013  |   .2392846   .1972955     1.21   0.231    -.1578507    .6364199
 96-00/2020  |   .1519998   .3130945     0.49   0.630    -.4782267    .7822262
             |
      female |  -.0125979    .138646    -0.09   0.928    -.2916777     .266482
       boost |   .0782631   .1463321     0.53   0.595    -.2162881    .3728143
  2.edufirst |   .7617169   .2183065     3.49   0.001     .3222887    1.201145
       catho |   .3475334     .12309     2.82   0.007     .0997661    .5953008
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .2737388   1.978384     0.14   0.891    -3.708541    4.256018
          3  |   .0386576   .2526052     0.15   0.879    -.4698102    .5471255
          4  |  -.1566304   .4171156    -0.38   0.709    -.9962406    .6829797
          5  |   .1110704   .2759058     0.40   0.689     -.444299    .6664399
          6  |  -.3669325   .4734121    -0.78   0.442    -1.319862    .5859967
          7  |  -.0448457   .4031212    -0.11   0.912    -.8562866    .7665952
          8  |  -.2948954    .274659    -1.07   0.289    -.8477553    .2579646
          9  |  -.3071723   .3565541    -0.86   0.393    -1.024879     .410534
         10  |   .2381982   .7313473     0.33   0.746    -1.233927    1.710324
         11  |   -.289503   .3742097    -0.77   0.443    -1.042748    .4637421
         12  |   -.211154   .3012494    -0.70   0.487    -.8175376    .3952295
         13  |   .0044937   .5286674     0.01   0.993    -1.059659    1.068646
         14  |  -.5005921   1.316535    -0.38   0.706    -3.150639    2.149455
         15  |  -.4092116   .3099635    -1.32   0.193    -1.033136    .2147125
         16  |   .0215828   .2997273     0.07   0.943    -.5817371    .6249026
         17  |  -1.671245   .4223321    -3.96   0.000    -2.521355   -.8211345
         18  |  -.1189653   .5263924    -0.23   0.822    -1.178538    .9406078
         19  |   .1316167   .3232585     0.41   0.686    -.5190689    .7823023
         20  |   .0054657    .379989     0.01   0.989    -.7594124    .7703438
             |
       _cons |    2.36081   .3668745     6.43   0.000      1.62233     3.09929
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. est store reg1

. 
. reg trust_gov i.first female  boost   i.edufirst catho i.code_region_resid_is
> tat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,449
                                                F(35, 46)         =      11.34
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0314
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3474

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |   .4951636   .1586309     3.12   0.003     .1758561    .8144711
 55-58/1976  |   .0281645   .2228309     0.13   0.900    -.4203709    .4766999
 59-61/1979  |   .1875877     .25014     0.75   0.457    -.3159179    .6910933
 62-65/1983  |  -.0822107   .1428829    -0.58   0.568     -.369819    .2053976
 66-69/1987  |   .3941241   .1642243     2.40   0.021     .0635576    .7246905
 75-76/1994  |  -.6331662   .2201757    -2.88   0.006    -1.076357   -.1899754
 77-78/1996  |   .0047321   .1848147     0.03   0.980    -.3672805    .3767448
 79-83/2001  |  -.1487742   .2264288    -0.66   0.514    -.6045517    .3070033
 84-88/2006  |  -.0896619   .1678748    -0.53   0.596    -.4275763    .2482525
 89-90/2008  |  -.0399473   .1933787    -0.21   0.837    -.4291985    .3493038
 91-95/2013  |   .1601901   .2267102     0.71   0.483    -.2961538    .6165341
 96-00/2020  |   .2014175   .3237459     0.62   0.537    -.4502492    .8530842
             |
      female |  -.2079372   .1461695    -1.42   0.162    -.5021611    .0862867
       boost |   .0784259   .1503792     0.52   0.605    -.2242717    .3811235
  2.edufirst |   .6699909   .2550509     2.63   0.012     .1566001    1.183382
       catho |     .40783   .1314197     3.10   0.003     .1432958    .6723641
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   .0477211   2.721895     0.02   0.986    -5.431169    5.526611
          3  |   .0314633   .2364754     0.13   0.895    -.4445371    .5074637
          4  |  -.4353052   .3939731    -1.10   0.275    -1.228332    .3577215
          5  |   .0883887   .2774604     0.32   0.751    -.4701101    .6468874
          6  |  -.4621684   .4672984    -0.99   0.328    -1.402791    .4784545
          7  |  -.1213705   .3760586    -0.32   0.748    -.8783373    .6355962
          8  |  -.5066361   .2868409    -1.77   0.084    -1.084017    .0707447
          9  |  -.5359929   .3682039    -1.46   0.152    -1.277149    .2051631
         10  |   .2735773   .8182577     0.33   0.740     -1.37349    1.920645
         11  |  -.5323967   .3351978    -1.59   0.119    -1.207115    .1423215
         12  |  -.3276868   .2870782    -1.14   0.260    -.9055453    .2501717
         13  |    .196999   .5172588     0.38   0.705    -.8441889    1.238187
         14  |  -.8215709   1.546738    -0.53   0.598    -3.934994    2.291852
         15  |  -.3482647   .2934113    -1.19   0.241     -.938871    .2423416
         16  |  -.0159971   .2949024    -0.05   0.957    -.6096049    .5776108
         17  |  -1.196429   .6650983    -1.80   0.079    -2.535203    .1423443
         18  |  -.2334126   .5111395    -0.46   0.650    -1.262283    .7954578
         19  |   .0927321   .3229345     0.29   0.775    -.5573014    .7427656
         20  |  -.2041382   .3844468    -0.53   0.598    -.9779894     .569713
             |
       _cons |   2.663102   .3578307     7.44   0.000     1.942826    3.383378
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. est store reg2

. 
. reg trust_civser i.first female  boost i.edufirst catho i.code_region_resid_i
> stat if country==6, r cluster(birth_year)

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      1,447
                                                F(35, 46)         =   62917.36
                                                Prob > F          =     0.0000
                                                R-squared         =     0.0387
                                                Root MSE          =     2.1947

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |   .4977601   .3915846     1.27   0.210    -.2904589    1.285979
 55-58/1976  |   .1263927    .316528     0.40   0.692    -.5107451    .7635306
 59-61/1979  |   .3678302   .2059236     1.79   0.081    -.0466725    .7823329
 62-65/1983  |   .0876978    .232906     0.38   0.708    -.3811177    .5565133
 66-69/1987  |   .4186991   .1796941     2.33   0.024     .0569937    .7804046
 75-76/1994  |  -.2832249   .1593362    -1.78   0.082    -.6039521    .0375023
 77-78/1996  |  -.1557474    .168038    -0.93   0.359    -.4939904    .1824957
 79-83/2001  |  -.1467087    .256779    -0.57   0.571    -.6635779    .3701605
 84-88/2006  |  -.0971661   .2085299    -0.47   0.643    -.5169151     .322583
 89-90/2008  |  -.3000679   .1539518    -1.95   0.057    -.6099567    .0098209
 91-95/2013  |  -.2116114   .2554857    -0.83   0.412    -.7258776    .3026547
 96-00/2020  |  -.2183159   .3132221    -0.70   0.489    -.8487992    .4121674
             |
      female |  -.0835366   .1733222    -0.48   0.632    -.4324161     .265343
       boost |   .0213747    .137834     0.16   0.877    -.2560707    .2988202
  2.edufirst |   .5411004   .2493281     2.17   0.035     .0392289    1.042972
       catho |   .3566079   .1250398     2.85   0.006     .1049158       .6083
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |   3.499987   .2139232    16.36   0.000     3.069382    3.930592
          3  |  -.3563994   .2415845    -1.48   0.147    -.8426838     .129885
          4  |   .1407344   .5227551     0.27   0.789     -.911517    1.192986
          5  |  -.0967067   .2672889    -0.36   0.719    -.6347314     .441318
          6  |  -.2128612   .4577779    -0.46   0.644     -1.13432     .708598
          7  |  -.2563021   .3601064    -0.71   0.480    -.9811587    .4685544
          8  |  -.8094304   .2683654    -3.02   0.004    -1.349622   -.2692389
          9  |  -.7213195   .3151853    -2.29   0.027    -1.355755   -.0868844
         10  |  -.4957143   .6750819    -0.73   0.466    -1.854584    .8631551
         11  |  -.9485682   .4252109    -2.23   0.031    -1.804473   -.0926632
         12  |  -.5721795   .2457766    -2.33   0.024    -1.066902   -.0774568
         13  |  -.3329555   .4989355    -0.67   0.508    -1.337261    .6713497
         14  |  -.6912149   .9148463    -0.76   0.454    -2.532705    1.150275
         15  |  -.7433855   .2546314    -2.92   0.005    -1.255932   -.2308391
         16  |  -.1866462    .286276    -0.65   0.518    -.7628898    .3895974
         17  |  -.9842486   .4193824    -2.35   0.023    -1.828422   -.1400756
         18  |  -.4976034   .4250472    -1.17   0.248    -1.353179    .3579721
         19  |   .0408006   .3005287     0.14   0.893    -.5641323    .6457336
         20  |  -.0897179   .3991181    -0.22   0.823    -.8931009    .7136652
             |
       _cons |   3.961723   .4035784     9.82   0.000     3.149362    4.774085
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. est store reg3

. 
. coefplot  (reg1, base offset(-0.15)  label("Trust Parl. ")) (reg2, offset(0) 
>  label("Trust Gov.")) (reg3, offset(0.15) label("Trust Civ.")), vertical base
>  omitted keep( *.first* )  yline(0, lp(dash)) xline(6, lpattern(dash)) xlabel
> (, labs(small) angle(45)) ms(m)  ylabel(, angle(horizotal) labsize(vsmall)) l
> eg(c(6) size(small))  graphregion(color(white)) msize(small) levels(99 95 90)
>  title("", s(small) c(black)) ytitle("Point estimates", s(small)) scheme(s2mo
> no)
(note:  named style m not found in class symbol, default attributes used)
(note:  named style m not found in class symbol, default attributes used)
(note:  named style m not found in class symbol, default attributes used)
(note:  named style horizotal not found in class anglestyle, default
    attributes used)

. graph export ${dataout}fig2.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig2.e
    > ps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig2.e
    > ps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure 3
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. fvset base 6 first

. 
. reg populists i.first female  boost i.education catho i.code_region_resid_ist
> at if country==6, r cluster(birth_year) 

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        857
                                                F(34, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0730
                                                Root MSE          =     .46849

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |  -.1231726   .1125699    -1.09   0.280       -.3499    .1035549
 55-58/1976  |  -.1185511   .0710066    -1.67   0.102    -.2615657    .0244635
 59-61/1979  |  -.0650436   .0597183    -1.09   0.282    -.1853224    .0552352
 62-65/1983  |  -.0209194   .0754173    -0.28   0.783    -.1728177    .1309789
 66-69/1987  |  -.0337626   .0510404    -0.66   0.512    -.1365632    .0690381
 75-76/1994  |    .078242   .0347028     2.25   0.029     .0083468    .1481371
 77-78/1996  |   -.050307   .0557372    -0.90   0.372    -.1625676    .0619536
 79-83/2001  |   .0408271   .0570854     0.72   0.478    -.0741487    .1558029
 84-88/2006  |  -.0200161   .0726014    -0.28   0.784    -.1662428    .1262107
 89-90/2008  |  -.0678111   .0392958    -1.73   0.091    -.1469569    .0113348
 91-95/2013  |  -.0613549   .0627665    -0.98   0.334    -.1877732    .0650633
 96-00/2020  |  -.2606449   .0927716    -2.81   0.007    -.4474965   -.0737933
             |
      female |   -.071853   .0391666    -1.83   0.073    -.1507386    .0070325
       boost |   .0266856   .0450714     0.59   0.557    -.0640929    .1174642
             |
   education |
  Secondary  |   -.057858    .062422    -0.93   0.359    -.1835824    .0678664
   Tertiary  |  -.1984282   .0711576    -2.79   0.008     -.341747   -.0551094
             |
       catho |   .1050355    .037503     2.80   0.007     .0295006    .1805704
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.4635033   .0908685    -5.10   0.000    -.6465219   -.2804847
          3  |   .0615763   .0900142     0.68   0.497    -.1197215    .2428742
          4  |   .2522726   .1643638     1.53   0.132    -.0787731    .5833184
          5  |    .086934   .0955384     0.91   0.368    -.1054902    .2793582
          6  |   .1839918   .1244111     1.48   0.146    -.0665851    .4345687
          7  |    .073797   .1067786     0.69   0.493    -.1412661    .2888601
          8  |    .127945   .1034313     1.24   0.223    -.0803764    .3362663
          9  |   .0582741   .1022805     0.57   0.572    -.1477293    .2642776
         10  |   .1022756   .1743528     0.59   0.560     -.248889    .4534401
         11  |    .355879   .1051401     3.38   0.001     .1441159     .567642
         12  |   .1281195   .1016063     1.26   0.214    -.0765261     .332765
         13  |  -.0045326   .1302959    -0.03   0.972    -.2669619    .2578967
         14  |   .0360788   .2550065     0.14   0.888    -.4775307    .5496884
         15  |   .0110788   .0876411     0.13   0.900    -.1654394     .187597
         16  |   .0372623    .076829     0.49   0.630    -.1174793    .1920039
         18  |  -.0058987   .1313391    -0.04   0.964    -.2704292    .2586318
         19  |   .0559423   .0864761     0.65   0.521    -.1182296    .2301142
         20  |    .192078   .1207101     1.59   0.119    -.0510445    .4352006
             |
       _cons |   .6698744   .0995193     6.73   0.000     .4694322    .8703166
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. coefplot, keep( *.first* ) levels(99, 95 90) omitted baselevels vertical  xla
> bel(,angle(45) labs(vsmall)) scheme(s2mono) yline(0, lpattern(dash)) graphreg
> ion(color(white)) xline(6 , lpattern(dash)) ylab(, labs(vsmall)) name(nochang
> e, replace)   ytitle("Point estimates" , s(small))  ylabel(, labs(small)) gra
> phregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white)

. graph export ${dataout}fig3.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig3.e
    > ps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/fig3.e
    > ps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure A.1
. use ${datain}figA1.dta, clear

. 
. twoway (line index year if year>1961, yaxis(1) yscale(range(0) axis(1)) ytitl
> e("Percentage of respondents", s(vsmall)) xtitle("") graphregion(color(white)
> ) bgcolor(white) lc(black)  xlab(1962(2)2004 2008 2012, labs(vsmall) angle(45
> )) ylab(0(5)65,labs(vsmall) axis(1))) (line hardly year if year>1961, yaxis(2
> ) yscale(range(0) axis(2)) ytitle("Percentage of respondents", s(vsmall) axis
> (2)) xtitle("") graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) lc(black) lp(dash)  
> xlab(, labs(vsmall)) ylab( 0(5)30,labs(vsmall)  axis(2))), legend(label(1 "Tr
> ust in Federal government - Left axis") label(2 "Politicians are hardly corru
> pt - Right axis") r(2))

. graph export ${dataout}figA1.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA1.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA1.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure A.2
. use ${datain}figA2.dta, clear

. 
. graph bar  charged if year==1992, over(party, label(labs(vsmall) angle(-45)))
>  title("1992", c(black)) ytitle("Number of Parlamentarians charged for corrup
> tion", s(small)) graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) ylab(,labs(vsmall))
>   bar(1,color(black) fin(inten50))

. graph save ${dataout}charged_1992.gph, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/charge
    > d_1992.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/charged
> _1992.gph saved

. graph bar  charged if year==1993, over(party, label(labs(vsmall) angle(-45)))
>  title("1993", c(black)) ytitle("") graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) 
> ylab(,labs(vsmall))  bar(1,color(black) fin(inten50))

. graph save ${dataout}charged_1993.gph, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/charge
    > d_1993.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/charged
> _1993.gph saved

. graph bar  charged if year==1994, over(party, label(labs(vsmall) angle(-45)))
>  title("1994", c(black)) ytitle("") graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) 
> ylab(,labs(vsmall))  bar(1,color(black) fin(inten50))

. graph save ${dataout}charged_1994.gph, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/charge
    > d_1994.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/charged
> _1994.gph saved

. 
. cd ${dataout}
/Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results

. graph combine charged_1992.gph charged_1993.gph charged_1994.gph, c(3) ycommo
> n graphregion(color(white))

. graph export ${dataout}figA2.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA2.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA2.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure A.3
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in  trust_parl trust_gov trust_civser  {
  2.         
. local vtext : variable label `var'
  3. 
. twoway (hist `var' if T==1 & country==6, color(gray*.30) discrete) (hist `var
> ' if T==0  & country==6,   fcolor(none) lcolor(black) discrete), legend(order
> (1 "1975/76" 2 "Other cohorts" )) graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) ti
> tle("`vtext'", s(small) c(black)) ylab(, labs(small)) xlab(, labs(small)) yti
> tle(, s(small)) xtitle("") 
  4. 
. graph save ${dataout}dis_`var'.gph, replace
  5. }
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/dis_tr
    > ust_parl.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/dis_tru
> st_parl.gph saved
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/dis_tr
    > ust_gov.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/dis_tru
> st_gov.gph saved
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/dis_tr
    > ust_civser.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/dis_tru
> st_civser.gph saved

. 
. * Combining graphs
. cd ${dataout}
/Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results

. graph combine dis_trust_parl.gph dis_trust_gov.gph dis_trust_civser.gph  , gr
> aphregion(color(white)) r(2) ycommon 

. graph export ${dataout}figA3.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA3.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA3.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure A.4
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. fvset base 6 first

. 
. reg trust_parl i.first i.first##1.italy  female catho i.edufirst   i.birth_ye
> ar cou_1 cou_2 cou_3 cou_4 cou_5 cou_7 if boost!=1, r cluster(birth_year)
note: 1958.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1961.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1965.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1969.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1974.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1976.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1978.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1983.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1988.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1990.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1995.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1999.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_5 omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_7 omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      6,140
                                                F(19, 46)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.1131
                                                Root MSE          =     2.3099

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 47 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
  trust_parl | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |  -.3565872    .067791    -5.26   0.000    -.4930434    -.220131
 55-58/1976  |  -.2918086   .0457108    -6.38   0.000    -.3838197   -.1997976
 59-61/1979  |  -.1224516   .0496058    -2.47   0.017    -.2223029   -.0226004
 62-65/1983  |  -.0422761   .0421523    -1.00   0.321    -.1271242     .042572
 66-69/1987  |  -.0390968   .0365711    -1.07   0.291    -.1127107     .034517
 75-76/1994  |   .0631837   .0326998     1.93   0.060    -.0026375     .129005
 77-78/1996  |   .0041802   .0439289     0.10   0.925    -.0842441    .0926045
 79-83/2001  |  -.2813322   .0389615    -7.22   0.000    -.3597576   -.2029069
 84-88/2006  |   .1104792    .040437     2.73   0.009     .0290838    .1918747
 89-90/2008  |  -.0527356   .0808667    -0.65   0.518    -.2155118    .1100406
 91-95/2013  |   .3050541   .0554039     5.51   0.000     .1935319    .4165762
 96-00/2020  |   .2133039   .1055563     2.02   0.049     .0008301    .4257777
             |
       italy |
      Italy  |  -.2982508   .1871394    -1.59   0.118    -.6749428    .0784413
             |
 first#italy |
 53-54/1972 #|
      Italy  |   .2930411   .4025702     0.73   0.470    -.5172907    1.103373
 55-58/1976 #|
      Italy  |   .1473411   .2156112     0.68   0.498    -.2866617    .5813438
 59-61/1979 #|
      Italy  |   .0310341   .2354021     0.13   0.896    -.4428058     .504874
 62-65/1983 #|
      Italy  |  -.2442311   .1656341    -1.47   0.147    -.5776352     .089173
 66-69/1987 #|
      Italy  |   .1608714   .1665411     0.97   0.339    -.1743584    .4961012
 75-76/1994 #|
      Italy  |  -.5790624    .143003    -4.05   0.000    -.8669125   -.2912124
 77-78/1996 #|
      Italy  |  -.6706191   .2374109    -2.82   0.007    -1.148502   -.1927358
 79-83/2001 #|
      Italy  |  -.3586168   .1724434    -2.08   0.043    -.7057273   -.0115063
 84-88/2006 #|
      Italy  |  -.1979057   .2028556    -0.98   0.334    -.6062329    .2104215
 89-90/2008 #|
      Italy  |   -.328727   .3279711    -1.00   0.321    -.9888985    .3314445
 91-95/2013 #|
      Italy  |  -.1201831   .2442672    -0.49   0.625    -.6118674    .3715013
 96-00/2020 #|
      Italy  |   -.437833   .3281634    -1.33   0.189    -1.098392    .2227256
             |
      female |  -.2394586   .0661464    -3.62   0.001    -.3726043   -.1063128
       catho |   .4832067   .1330395     3.63   0.001      .215412    .7510015
  2.edufirst |   .6049746   .2103619     2.88   0.006     .1815381    1.028411
             |
  birth_year |
       1954  |   .3158309    .011291    27.97   0.000     .2931033    .3385585
       1955  |   .4893437   .0130285    37.56   0.000     .4631187    .5155686
       1956  |  -.0163525   .0085048    -1.92   0.061    -.0334717    .0007667
       1957  |   .5189822   .0153858    33.73   0.000     .4880122    .5499523
       1958  |          0  (omitted)
       1959  |  -.0026874   .0106021    -0.25   0.801    -.0240284    .0186536
       1960  |  -.1056879   .0142894    -7.40   0.000     -.134451   -.0769248
       1961  |          0  (omitted)
       1962  |  -.0041983   .0073242    -0.57   0.569     -.018941    .0105445
       1963  |   .0422015   .0116212     3.63   0.001     .0188091    .0655938
       1964  |   .1341353   .0150004     8.94   0.000     .1039411    .1643295
       1965  |          0  (omitted)
       1966  |  -.1148048    .011662    -9.84   0.000    -.1382792   -.0913304
       1967  |   -.113505   .0154849    -7.33   0.000    -.1446744   -.0823355
       1968  |  -.0741042   .0083857    -8.84   0.000    -.0909839   -.0572246
       1969  |          0  (omitted)
       1970  |  -.0572515   .0118922    -4.81   0.000    -.0811894   -.0333137
       1971  |   .0401137   .0091333     4.39   0.000     .0217293    .0584982
       1972  |  -.0807653   .0082328    -9.81   0.000     -.097337   -.0641936
       1973  |  -.1375963    .014426    -9.54   0.000    -.1666343   -.1085583
       1974  |          0  (omitted)
       1975  |  -.2516763   .0143935   -17.49   0.000    -.2806489   -.2227036
       1976  |          0  (omitted)
       1977  |  -.0061768   .0085423    -0.72   0.473    -.0233716    .0110179
       1978  |          0  (omitted)
       1979  |   .4349193   .0238288    18.25   0.000     .3869545    .4828842
       1980  |   .4788104   .0166162    28.82   0.000     .4453637     .512257
       1981  |   .3567287   .0139096    25.65   0.000     .3287301    .3847273
       1982  |  -.0398045   .0137593    -2.89   0.006    -.0675006   -.0121085
       1983  |          0  (omitted)
       1984  |  -.3517208   .0085597   -41.09   0.000    -.3689507    -.334491
       1985  |  -.1029759   .0103808    -9.92   0.000    -.1238713   -.0820805
       1986  |  -.1083734   .0108599    -9.98   0.000    -.1302333   -.0865136
       1987  |  -.2641443    .010665   -24.77   0.000    -.2856118   -.2426768
       1988  |          0  (omitted)
       1989  |  -.1336983   .0263106    -5.08   0.000    -.1866588   -.0807378
       1990  |          0  (omitted)
       1991  |  -.1334647   .0304126    -4.39   0.000     -.194682   -.0722474
       1992  |  -.2800821     .02346   -11.94   0.000    -.3273046   -.2328596
       1993  |  -.3135543   .0139046   -22.55   0.000    -.3415428   -.2855659
       1994  |  -.1150802   .0134684    -8.54   0.000    -.1421908   -.0879697
       1995  |          0  (omitted)
       1996  |  -.2331316   .0405212    -5.75   0.000    -.3146965   -.1515668
       1997  |  -.1043467    .055158    -1.89   0.065     -.215374    .0066806
       1998  |  -.6099479   .0533156   -11.44   0.000    -.7172667   -.5026292
       1999  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       cou_1 |   1.464564   .1145286    12.79   0.000      1.23403    1.695098
       cou_2 |   .7445436   .1511741     4.93   0.000     .4402459    1.048841
       cou_3 |  -.9352733   .1128673    -8.29   0.000    -1.162463   -.7080832
       cou_4 |   .3283215   .1261566     2.60   0.012     .0743814    .5822615
       cou_5 |          0  (omitted)
       cou_7 |          0  (omitted)
       _cons |    2.92324   .2218045    13.18   0.000      2.47677    3.369709
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. est store reg1

. 
. reg trust_gov i.first i.first##1.italy female catho i.edufirst   i.birth_year
>  cou_1 cou_2 cou_3 cou_4 cou_5 cou_7 if boost!=1, r cluster(birth_year)
note: 1958.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1961.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1965.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1969.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1974.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1976.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1978.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1983.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1988.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1990.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1995.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 2000.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_7 omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      7,188
                                                F(20, 47)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0796
                                                Root MSE          =     2.4339

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   trust_gov | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |  -.2309665   .0660049    -3.50   0.001    -.3637512   -.0981817
 55-58/1976  |  -.0150573   .0427302    -0.35   0.726    -.1010193    .0709046
 59-61/1979  |   .2157159   .0483835     4.46   0.000     .1183809    .3130509
 62-65/1983  |  -.0481282   .0501863    -0.96   0.342    -.1490901    .0528337
 66-69/1987  |   .1750141    .041062     4.26   0.000      .092408    .2576202
 75-76/1994  |   .1169142   .0430546     2.72   0.009     .0302995    .2035289
 77-78/1996  |  -.1657191   .0428267    -3.87   0.000    -.2518753    -.079563
 79-83/2001  |  -.1029391   .0415271    -2.48   0.017    -.1864808   -.0193973
 84-88/2006  |   .1123534   .0405902     2.77   0.008     .0306965    .1940104
 89-90/2008  |   .2091725   .0650588     3.22   0.002     .0782912    .3400539
 91-95/2013  |    .223033   .0572486     3.90   0.000     .1078637    .3382023
 96-00/2020  |   -.326696   .0924772    -3.53   0.001    -.5127361   -.1406559
             |
       italy |
      Italy  |  -.6761891    .236024    -2.86   0.006    -1.151008     -.20137
             |
 first#italy |
 53-54/1972 #|
      Italy  |    .371822   .3240274     1.15   0.257    -.2800371    1.023681
 55-58/1976 #|
      Italy  |  -.2462915     .20905    -1.18   0.245    -.6668459    .1742629
 59-61/1979 #|
      Italy  |  -.1034786   .2553562    -0.41   0.687     -.617189    .4102317
 62-65/1983 #|
      Italy  |  -.2912415   .2355651    -1.24   0.222    -.7651373    .1826543
 66-69/1987 #|
      Italy  |   .2388251   .2132568     1.12   0.268    -.1901923    .6678426
 75-76/1994 #|
      Italy  |  -.6567142   .2373138    -2.77   0.008    -1.134128   -.1793003
 77-78/1996 #|
      Italy  |   -.135665    .245382    -0.55   0.583    -.6293098    .3579798
 79-83/2001 #|
      Italy  |  -.2738562    .241912    -1.13   0.263    -.7605203     .212808
 84-88/2006 #|
      Italy  |  -.2762757   .2346457    -1.18   0.245    -.7483219    .1957705
 89-90/2008 #|
      Italy  |  -.2470849   .3268658    -0.76   0.453    -.9046541    .4104844
 91-95/2013 #|
      Italy  |  -.0961079   .3121196    -0.31   0.760    -.7240115    .5317957
 96-00/2020 #|
      Italy  |  -.4676134   .3376682    -1.38   0.173    -1.146914    .2116874
             |
      female |  -.2949695   .0641392    -4.60   0.000    -.4240009   -.1659382
       catho |   .5154927   .1281649     4.02   0.000     .2576581    .7733272
  2.edufirst |   .7378752    .197891     3.73   0.001     .3397699    1.135981
             |
  birth_year |
       1954  |   .4237548   .0202678    20.91   0.000     .3829812    .4645285
       1955  |   .4551665   .0144687    31.46   0.000     .4260592    .4842738
       1956  |  -.0970954   .0131609    -7.38   0.000    -.1235718   -.0706189
       1957  |    .361139   .0133947    26.96   0.000     .3341924    .3880856
       1958  |          0  (omitted)
       1959  |   .0421598   .0095301     4.42   0.000     .0229877    .0613319
       1960  |    -.25939   .0111577   -23.25   0.000    -.2818364   -.2369436
       1961  |          0  (omitted)
       1962  |   .0517516   .0061561     8.41   0.000      .039367    .0641361
       1963  |   .1965195   .0123372    15.93   0.000     .1717003    .2213388
       1964  |   .2946625   .0138931    21.21   0.000     .2667132    .3226118
       1965  |          0  (omitted)
       1966  |   -.100458   .0117202    -8.57   0.000    -.1240361     -.07688
       1967  |  -.3520101   .0157288   -22.38   0.000    -.3836525   -.3203678
       1968  |  -.1280061   .0081993   -15.61   0.000    -.1445009   -.1115113
       1969  |          0  (omitted)
       1970  |  -.0241618   .0117687    -2.05   0.046    -.0478373   -.0004863
       1971  |   -.070062   .0077114    -9.09   0.000    -.0855753   -.0545488
       1972  |   .1363052   .0083557    16.31   0.000     .1194956    .1531147
       1973  |  -.3137141   .0158098   -19.84   0.000    -.3455193   -.2819089
       1974  |          0  (omitted)
       1975  |   -.296128   .0186981   -15.84   0.000    -.3337437   -.2585122
       1976  |          0  (omitted)
       1977  |   .3658917   .0096867    37.77   0.000     .3464046    .3853789
       1978  |          0  (omitted)
       1979  |   .0603646   .0233698     2.58   0.013     .0133505    .1073786
       1980  |   .4950844   .0139216    35.56   0.000     .4670778     .523091
       1981  |   .2583466   .0158979    16.25   0.000     .2263642     .290329
       1982  |  -.1599988   .0213004    -7.51   0.000    -.2028497   -.1171478
       1983  |          0  (omitted)
       1984  |  -.0319553    .011591    -2.76   0.008    -.0552734   -.0086372
       1985  |  -.1176149   .0101135   -11.63   0.000    -.1379607   -.0972692
       1986  |  -.0152551   .0091936    -1.66   0.104    -.0337503    .0032401
       1987  |  -.1808906   .0080614   -22.44   0.000    -.1971081   -.1646731
       1988  |          0  (omitted)
       1989  |  -.3267687   .0185209   -17.64   0.000    -.3640279   -.2895094
       1990  |          0  (omitted)
       1991  |  -.0897238    .029122    -3.08   0.003    -.1483097   -.0311379
       1992  |  -.3430139   .0225832   -15.19   0.000    -.3884454   -.2975824
       1993  |  -.2484279   .0117008   -21.23   0.000    -.2719668    -.224889
       1994  |  -.0433556   .0136887    -3.17   0.003    -.0708938   -.0158174
       1995  |          0  (omitted)
       1996  |   .3611437    .091359     3.95   0.000     .1773531    .5449343
       1997  |   .3256802   .0831695     3.92   0.000     .1583648    .4929957
       1998  |   .2933178   .0706255     4.15   0.000     .1512376    .4353981
       1999  |   1.125408   .0750631    14.99   0.000     .9744004    1.276415
       2000  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       cou_1 |   .7706424   .1294911     5.95   0.000     .5101398    1.031145
       cou_2 |   .4902686   .1272022     3.85   0.000     .2343707    .7461665
       cou_3 |  -1.190879   .1558912    -7.64   0.000    -1.504492   -.8772664
       cou_4 |  -.4296228   .1328969    -3.23   0.002    -.6969769   -.1622686
       cou_5 |   -.417432   .1225054    -3.41   0.001     -.663881   -.1709829
       cou_7 |          0  (omitted)
       _cons |   3.221919   .2248225    14.33   0.000     2.769635    3.674204
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. est store reg2

. 
. reg trust_civser i.first i.first##1.italy female catho i.edufirst   i.birth_y
> ear cou_1 cou_2 cou_3 cou_4 cou_5 cou_7 if boost!=1, r cluster(birth_year)
note: 1958.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1961.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1965.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1969.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1974.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1976.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1978.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1983.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1988.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1990.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 1995.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: 2000.birth_year omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_3 omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_4 omitted because of collinearity.
note: cou_7 omitted because of collinearity.

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =      5,030
                                                F(18, 47)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0915
                                                Root MSE          =     2.2982

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 48 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
trust_civser | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       first |
 53-54/1972  |  -.0770171   .0637343    -1.21   0.233    -.2052341    .0511998
 55-58/1976  |   -.087704   .0603467    -1.45   0.153    -.2091059     .033698
 59-61/1979  |   .1957527    .053342     3.67   0.001     .0884425    .3030629
 62-65/1983  |  -.2813475   .0646793    -4.35   0.000    -.4114655   -.1512295
 66-69/1987  |   .5210545   .0758227     6.87   0.000     .3685189    .6735901
 75-76/1994  |   .1457247   .0463164     3.15   0.003      .052548    .2389013
 77-78/1996  |   .0930111   .0473202     1.97   0.055    -.0021849    .1882071
 79-83/2001  |  -.1449466   .0527714    -2.75   0.009     -.251109   -.0387842
 84-88/2006  |   .1867272   .0591553     3.16   0.003      .067722    .3057323
 89-90/2008  |   .4071233   .0591472     6.88   0.000     .2881345     .526112
 91-95/2013  |   .3011481   .0622804     4.84   0.000     .1758561    .4264401
 96-00/2020  |   .1943151   .1032979     1.88   0.066    -.0134936    .4021237
             |
       italy |
      Italy  |  -.3563383   .2051481    -1.74   0.089     -.769043    .0563664
             |
 first#italy |
 53-54/1972 #|
      Italy  |    .157066   .2601664     0.60   0.549    -.3663213    .6804534
 55-58/1976 #|
      Italy  |  -.0664804   .2684013    -0.25   0.805    -.6064341    .4734733
 59-61/1979 #|
      Italy  |   .1585053   .2130288     0.74   0.461    -.2700534    .5870641
 62-65/1983 #|
      Italy  |  -.0404377   .2323962    -0.17   0.863    -.5079585    .4270832
 66-69/1987 #|
      Italy  |   .0603077   .2892013     0.21   0.836    -.5214903    .6421057
 75-76/1994 #|
      Italy  |  -.6579905   .1840802    -3.57   0.001    -1.028312    -.287669
 77-78/1996 #|
      Italy  |  -.4794653   .1768247    -2.71   0.009    -.8351908   -.1237399
 79-83/2001 #|
      Italy  |  -.4390042   .2205591    -1.99   0.052    -.8827118    .0047034
 84-88/2006 #|
      Italy  |  -.4732326   .2641379    -1.79   0.080     -1.00461    .0581444
 89-90/2008 #|
      Italy  |  -.9058476   .2062038    -4.39   0.000    -1.320676   -.4910191
 91-95/2013 #|
      Italy  |  -.5419656    .243004    -2.23   0.031    -1.030827   -.0531046
 96-00/2020 #|
      Italy  |  -1.161384   .2744723    -4.23   0.000    -1.713551   -.6092167
             |
      female |  -.1176134   .0836136    -1.41   0.166    -.2858222    .0505954
       catho |   .3785984    .125832     3.01   0.004      .125457    .6317397
  2.edufirst |   .6865526   .2123248     3.23   0.002     .2594101    1.113695
             |
  birth_year |
       1954  |   .5316414   .0257658    20.63   0.000     .4798073    .5834754
       1955  |    .499162   .0153284    32.56   0.000     .4683253    .5299987
       1956  |   .0572729   .0165568     3.46   0.001     .0239649    .0905808
       1957  |      .1962     .01455    13.48   0.000     .1669291    .2254709
       1958  |          0  (omitted)
       1959  |  -.2601657    .012301   -21.15   0.000    -.2849121   -.2354193
       1960  |  -.2157279   .0116869   -18.46   0.000    -.2392389   -.1922169
       1961  |          0  (omitted)
       1962  |   .2827435   .0086987    32.50   0.000     .2652439     .300243
       1963  |   .4635009   .0190244    24.36   0.000     .4252288    .5017729
       1964  |   .7024327   .0169715    41.39   0.000     .6682906    .7365749
       1965  |          0  (omitted)
       1966  |  -.5968682   .0135702   -43.98   0.000    -.6241678   -.5695685
       1967  |   -.276177   .0117946   -23.42   0.000    -.2999047   -.2524493
       1968  |  -.1519559   .0175991    -8.63   0.000    -.1873608    -.116551
       1969  |          0  (omitted)
       1970  |   .1618311   .0119795    13.51   0.000     .1377314    .1859308
       1971  |    .083946   .0127876     6.56   0.000     .0582207    .1096712
       1972  |  -.1216588   .0126658    -9.61   0.000    -.1471391   -.0961786
       1973  |   -.104061   .0190668    -5.46   0.000    -.1424185   -.0657035
       1974  |          0  (omitted)
       1975  |   .0447117   .0161785     2.76   0.008     .0121646    .0772587
       1976  |          0  (omitted)
       1977  |   .0149687   .0096765     1.55   0.129    -.0044979    .0344353
       1978  |          0  (omitted)
       1979  |   .3032855   .0202724    14.96   0.000     .2625028    .3440683
       1980  |   .8018448   .0160733    49.89   0.000     .7695096    .8341801
       1981  |   .6931117   .0149853    46.25   0.000     .6629651    .7232583
       1982  |   .3007626   .0234451    12.83   0.000     .2535971    .3479282
       1983  |          0  (omitted)
       1984  |    .247073   .0136074    18.16   0.000     .2196984    .2744476
       1985  |   .0595946   .0113663     5.24   0.000     .0367286    .0824606
       1986  |   .2031892   .0110336    18.42   0.000     .1809924     .225386
       1987  |   .1467305   .0135719    10.81   0.000     .1194273    .1740336
       1988  |          0  (omitted)
       1989  |  -.2071966   .0144709   -14.32   0.000    -.2363082   -.1780849
       1990  |          0  (omitted)
       1991  |   .0376287   .0195699     1.92   0.061    -.0017408    .0769982
       1992  |  -.0341916   .0167799    -2.04   0.047    -.0679484   -.0004348
       1993  |  -.1574417   .0114009   -13.81   0.000    -.1803773    -.134506
       1994  |  -.1859522   .0116865   -15.91   0.000    -.2094625   -.1624419
       1995  |          0  (omitted)
       1996  |   .1078281   .1021613     1.06   0.297     -.097694    .3133502
       1997  |  -.1079438   .0897161    -1.20   0.235    -.2884294    .0725418
       1998  |  -.0983762     .07397    -1.33   0.190    -.2471846    .0504322
       1999  |   .8833081   .0763336    11.57   0.000     .7297447    1.036871
       2000  |          0  (omitted)
             |
       cou_1 |   .7888448   .1234215     6.39   0.000     .5405529    1.037137
       cou_2 |   .7118483   .1318173     5.40   0.000      .446666    .9770306
       cou_3 |          0  (omitted)
       cou_4 |          0  (omitted)
       cou_5 |  -.8800085   .1314953    -6.69   0.000    -1.144543   -.6154742
       cou_7 |          0  (omitted)
       _cons |    3.93423    .252485    15.58   0.000     3.426295    4.442164
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. est store reg3

. 
. coefplot  (reg1, base offset(-0.15)  label("Trust Parl. ")) (reg2, offset(0) 
>  label("Trust Gov.")) (reg3, offset(0.15) label("Trust Civ.")), vertical base
>  omitted keep( *.first#1.italy* )  yline(0, lp(dash)) xline(6, lpattern(dash)
> ) xlabel(, labs(small) angle(45)) ms(m)  ylabel(, angle(horizotal) labsize(vs
> mall)) leg(c(6) size(small))  graphregion(color(white)) msize(small) levels(9
> 9 95 90) title("", s(small) c(black)) ytitle("Point estimates", s(small)) sch
> eme(s2mono)
(note:  named style m not found in class symbol, default attributes used)
(note:  named style m not found in class symbol, default attributes used)
(note:  named style m not found in class symbol, default attributes used)
(note:  named style horizotal not found in class anglestyle, default
    attributes used)

. graph export ${dataout}figA4.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA4.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA4.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ******** Figure A.5
. ** Panel (a) 
. use ${datain}figA5panelA.dta, clear

. 
. * We calculate the average duration within 90 days before each electoral roun
> d
. egen mean_1=mean(duration) if date>(d(5Apr1992)-90) & date<(d(5Apr1992)) 
(3,225 missing values generated)

. egen mean_2=mean(duration) if date>(d(27Mar1994)-90) & date<(d(27Mar1994))
(3,277 missing values generated)

. egen mean_3=mean(duration) if date>(d(21Apr1996)-90) & date<(d(21Apr1996)) 
(3,220 missing values generated)

. 
. * Graphing trends
. twoway (line duration date , lc(black)) (line mean_1 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(re
> d) lw(vthick)) (line mean_2 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(red) lw(vthick)) (line mean
> _3 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(red) lw(vthick)), xtitle("") xline(`=d(5Apr1992)', l
> c(black) lp(dash)) xline(`=d(27Mar1994)', lw(thick))  xline(`=d(21Apr1996)', 
> lc(black) lp(dash)) xline(`=d(13May2001)', lc(black) lp(dash))  xline(`=d(10A
> pr2006)', lc(black) lp(dash)) xline(`=d(14Apr2008)', lc(black) lp(dash))  xli
> ne(`=d(25Feb2013)', lc(black) lp(dash)) ytitle("Total daily minutes assigned 
> to mafia", s(small)) graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) legend(off) yla
> b(, labs(vsmall)) xlab(, labs(small) angle(45)) title("Panel (a): Mafia", s(s
> mall) c(black))

. graph save ${dataout}figA5panelA.gph, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA5p
    > anelA.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA5pa
> nelA.gph saved

. 
. 
. ** Panel (b) 
. use ${datain}figA5panelB.dta, clear

. 
. * We calculate the average duration within 90 days before each electoral roun
> d
. egen mean_1=mean(duration) if date>(d(5Apr1992)-90) & date<(d(5Apr1992)) 
(834 missing values generated)

. egen mean_2=mean(duration) if date>(d(27Mar1994)-90) & date<(d(27Mar1994))
(772 missing values generated)

. egen mean_3=mean(duration) if date>(d(21Apr1996)-90) & date<(d(21Apr1996)) 
(826 missing values generated)

. 
. * Graphing trends
. twoway (line duration date , lc(black)) (line mean_1 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(re
> d) lw(vthick)) (line mean_2 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(red) lw(vthick)) (line mean
> _3 date, lp(dash_dot) lc(red) lw(vthick)), xtitle("")  xline(`=d(5Apr1992)', 
> lc(black) lp(dash)) xline(`=d(27Mar1994)', lw(thick))  xline(`=d(21Apr1996)',
>  lc(black) lp(dash)) xline(`=d(13May2001)', lc(black) lp(dash))  xline(`=d(10
> Apr2006)', lc(black) lp(dash)) xline(`=d(14Apr2008)', lc(black) lp(dash))  xl
> ine(`=d(25Feb2013)', lc(black) lp(dash)) ytitle("Total daily minutes assigned
>  to economic crisis", s(small)) graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) lege
> nd(off) ylab(, labs(vsmall)) xlab(, labs(small) angle(45)) title("Panel (b): 
> Economic crisis", s(small) c(black))

. graph save ${dataout}figA5panelB.gph, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA5p
    > anelB.gph not found)
file /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA5pa
> nelB.gph saved

. 
. * Combining graphs
. cd ${dataout}
/Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results

. graph combine figA5panelA.gph figA5panelB.gph , c(2) graphregion(color(white)
> )

. graph export ${dataout}figA5.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA5.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA5.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure A.6
. use ${datain}figA6.dta, clear

. 
. * We create a variable with the date 
. gen date=ym( year , month)

. format  date  %tmMon_CCYY

. label var date "Date"

. 
. * We calculate the percentage of first pages in each month dedicated to corru
> ption, mafia and economic crisis
. gen perc= Corruzione_Corrieredellasera/num_uscite_corriere

. gen perc2= Crisi_Corrieredellasera/num_uscite_corriere
(2 missing values generated)

. gen perc3= Strage_Corrieredellasera/num_uscite_corriere
(23 missing values generated)

. sort date

. 
. * Graphing trends
. twoway (line perc date, ytitle("Monthly percentage of first pages  ", s(vsmal
> l)) xlabel(, labs(vsmall) angle(45)) xtitle("") graphregion(color(white)) bgc
> olor(white) lc(black)) (line perc2 date, ytitle("Monthly percentage of first 
> pages ", s(vsmall)) xlabel(, labs(vsmall) angle(45)) xtitle("") graphregion(c
> olor(white)) bgcolor(white) lc(black) lp(shortdash)) (line perc3 date, ytitle
> ("Monthly percentage of first pages  ", s(vsmall)) xlabel(, labs(vsmall) angl
> e(45)) xtitle("") graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) lc(black) lp(dash_
> dot)),   tline(1992m4, lc(black) lp(dash)) tline(1994m3, lw(thick)) tline(199
> 6m4, lc(black) lp(dash)) xlab(, labs(vsmall)) ylab(,labs(vsmall)) legend(labe
> l(1 "Corruption") label(2 "Mafia") label(3 "Economic crisis") c(3) )

. graph export ${dataout}figA6.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA6.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA6.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure A.7
. use ${datain}figA7.dta, clear

. 
. replace voteshare = voteshare/100
(14 real changes made)

. 
. graph twoway (line voteshare year if flag == 0, lcolor(red%80)) (line votesha
> re year if flag == 1, lcolor(blue%80)), legend(order(1 "Left-wing" 2 "Right-w
> ing")) graphregion(color(white)) ytitle("Share of votes") xlabel(1994 1996 20
> 01 2006 2008 2013 2018) xsize(6)

. 
. graph export ${dataout}figA7.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA7.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA7.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. ************ Figure A.8
. use ${datain}figA8.dta, clear

. 
. graph twoway (line populist election_year if flag == 1, color(red%80)) ///
> (line populist election_year if flag == 2, color(green%80)) ///
> (line populist election_year if flag == 3, color(blue%80)) ///
> , legend(order(1 "Older than 1975" 2 "1975-1976" 3 "Younger than 1976") size(
> vsmall) rows(1) position(6)) graphregion(color(white)) ///
> xlabel(1994 1996 2001 2006 2008 2013 2018, labsize(small))  xtitle("") ytitle
> ("Share of votes")

. graph export ${dataout}figA8.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA8.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA8.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. 
. ************ Figure A.9
. use ${datain}trustlab.dta, clear

. 
. foreach var in populists { 
  2.         
. reg `var' 1.T##c.d_gdp catho female birth_dec boost i.edufirst  i.code_region
> _resid_istat if country==6 , r cluster(birth_year) 
  3. }

Linear regression                               Number of obs     =        850
                                                F(24, 45)         =          .
                                                Prob > F          =          .
                                                R-squared         =     0.0458
                                                Root MSE          =     .47295

                            (Std. err. adjusted for 46 clusters in birth_year)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |               Robust
   populists | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
           T |
  1975/1976  |   .1429129    .031134     4.59   0.000     .0802058    .2056201
       d_gdp |   .2850901   .3101612     0.92   0.363    -.3396066    .9097868
             |
   T#c.d_gdp |
  1975/1976  |  -1.133298   1.449648    -0.78   0.438    -4.053039    1.786443
             |
       catho |    .132797   .0381596     3.48   0.001     .0559396    .2096544
      female |  -.0648461   .0392099    -1.65   0.105    -.1438189    .0141268
   birth_dec |  -.0032811   .0168424    -0.19   0.846    -.0372035    .0306412
       boost |   .0291169   .0462356     0.63   0.532    -.0640063    .1222402
  2.edufirst |  -.1130285   .0640171    -1.77   0.084    -.2419655    .0159085
             |
cod~id_istat |
          2  |  -.5831998   .0791304    -7.37   0.000    -.7425766    -.423823
          3  |    .048707   .0961326     0.51   0.615     -.144914    .2423281
          4  |   .2513935   .1657179     1.52   0.136    -.0823794    .5851664
          5  |   .0827478   .0977358     0.85   0.402    -.1141023    .2795979
          6  |   .2015967   .1321705     1.53   0.134    -.0646083    .4678017
          7  |   .1122179   .1069109     1.05   0.299    -.1031116    .3275474
          8  |   .1272224   .1082458     1.18   0.246    -.0907959    .3452407
          9  |   .0644198   .1106752     0.58   0.563    -.1584915     .287331
         10  |   .1081436   .1637761     0.66   0.512    -.2217183    .4380056
         11  |    .374058   .0945313     3.96   0.000     .1836623    .5644538
         12  |   .1248088   .0989754     1.26   0.214    -.0745379    .3241554
         13  |  -.0516138   .1255239    -0.41   0.683    -.3044319    .2012043
         14  |   .0811392   .2957414     0.27   0.785    -.5145146    .6767929
         15  |   .0318358   .0922135     0.35   0.732    -.1538916    .2175633
         16  |   .0467531   .0779455     0.60   0.552    -.1102372    .2037434
         18  |  -.0153738   .1419789    -0.11   0.914    -.3013341    .2705865
         19  |   .0696367   .0886018     0.79   0.436    -.1088164    .2480899
         20  |   .2343827   .1195439     1.96   0.056    -.0063911    .4751566
             |
       _cons |   .6036991   .1096153     5.51   0.000     .3829225    .8244756
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. margins i.T, at(c.d_gdp=(-.20(.05).20))

Predictive margins                                         Number of obs = 850
Model VCE: Robust

Expression: Linear prediction, predict()
1._at: d_gdp =  -.2
2._at: d_gdp = -.15
3._at: d_gdp =  -.1
4._at: d_gdp = -.05
5._at: d_gdp =    0
6._at: d_gdp =  .05
7._at: d_gdp =   .1
8._at: d_gdp =  .15
9._at: d_gdp =   .2

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |            Delta-method
             |     Margin   std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
       _at#T |
          1 #|
Other coh..  |    .578948   .0794695     7.29   0.000     .4188883    .7390078
1#1975/1976  |   .9485205   .2986293     3.18   0.003     .3470502    1.549991
          2 #|
Other coh..  |   .5932025   .0644108     9.21   0.000     .4634725    .7229326
2#1975/1976  |   .9061101   .2288462     3.96   0.000     .4451901     1.36703
          3 #|
Other coh..  |    .607457   .0496297    12.24   0.000     .5074976    .7074164
3#1975/1976  |   .8636997   .1591362     5.43   0.000     .5431829    1.184217
          4 #|
Other coh..  |   .6217115   .0354749    17.53   0.000     .5502615    .6931616
4#1975/1976  |   .8212893   .0896699     9.16   0.000      .640685    1.001894
          5 #|
Other coh..  |    .635966   .0231262    27.50   0.000     .5893875    .6825446
5#1975/1976  |    .778879   .0227957    34.17   0.000      .732966    .8247919
          6 #|
Other coh..  |   .6502205   .0170931    38.04   0.000     .6157932    .6846479
6#1975/1976  |   .7364686   .0525472    14.02   0.000      .630633    .8423041
          7 #|
Other coh..  |   .6644751   .0230332    28.85   0.000     .6180837    .7108664
7#1975/1976  |   .6940582   .1215129     5.71   0.000     .4493186    .9387978
          8 #|
Other coh..  |   .6787296   .0353537    19.20   0.000     .6075235    .7499356
8#1975/1976  |   .6516478   .1911339     3.41   0.001     .2666843    1.036611
          9 #|
Other coh..  |   .6929841   .0494999    14.00   0.000     .5932862     .792682
9#1975/1976  |   .6092374   .2608861     2.34   0.024     .0837858    1.134689
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. marginsplot, graphregion(color(white)) xlabel(,labs(small)) bgcolor(white) xt
> itle("% Change in GDP 2006-2013", s(small)) ytitle("Prob. to vote for populis
> t parties", s(small)) title("") legend( order( 2 "Treated (1975/76)" 1 "Contr
> ol")) xline(0, lc(black) lp(dash)) ylabel(, labs(small))

Variables that uniquely identify margins: d_gdp T

. graph export ${dataout}figA9.eps, replace
(file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA9.
    > eps not found)
file
    /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results/figA9.
    > eps saved as EPS format

. 
. 
. log close
      name:  <unnamed>
       log:  /Users/marcolemoglie/Dropbox/tangentopoli/1_Do/replication/results
> /log.log
  log type:  text
 closed on:   5 Jul 2022, 11:26:32
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
